This research addressed the issue of low-carbon development in hydropower, provided a review of the key factors influencing the carbon footprint of hydropower and the regional variations in these footprints. The findings of this research indicated an increasing global focus on research into the carbon footprint of hydropower. Case studies revealed that the primary contributors to the hydropower carbon footprint were the manufacture of construction materials and engineering activities during the construction phase, as well as energy consumption by equipment during the operation and maintenance phase. This research identified key factors affecting hydropower carbon emissions, including the type of hydropower, installed capacity, water storage volume, reservoir area, and life cycle stages. Furthermore, from a geographical perspective, it explored the regional variation in hydropower carbon emissions, highlighting the impact of differences in climate, precipitation, and ecological environment due to geographical location on the hydropower carbon footprint.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |