In this study, carbonic anhydrase-producing bacteria were selected and introduced into short-term experiments involving sandstone-CO₂-water interactions. The chemical properties of the solution, the dissolution-precipitation process of rock minerals, and the changes in bicarbonate ion concentration were analyzed and detected. The results showed that after 20days of reaction under conditions of 50℃ and 10MPa, the pH of the system increased, and the microbial group pH was slightly higher than that of the control group. The participation of bacteria significantly accelerated the dissolution and precipitation processes of rock minerals, reducing the core porosity from 15.02% to 13.27%. In a 1-liter solution with a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:5, the effective CO₂ sequestration amounts for the control group and the microbial group were 0.207g and 0.726g, respectively. The addition of microorganisms resulted in better carbon fixation, demonstrating that carbonic anhydrase-producing bacteria have a certain promoting effect on CO₂ geological sequestration.