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The collaborative ecological governance demonstration test project in the coal gangue backfills subsidence area of a city in Shaanxi Province provided an example for this study. This research investigated the environmental pollution risks in the backfill area, where coal gangue was used as the backfill material. It analyzed the spatiotemporal laws of heavy metal leaching and migration. The variation and processes of heavy metals in the soil were simulated using Hydrus-1D.A comparison of measured values from the soil column experiment with the simulated values verified the model, and the analysis identified relationships between infiltration distances at different periods and concentration equilibrium times in various soil layers. The results demonstrated that the established model effectively simulated the migration and change patterns of heavy metals in the soil of the backfill area. Over time, the leaching concentrations of heavy metals varied with depth, ranked as Cr（Ⅵ）= Pb>Ni>Hg, with maximum migration distances of 21.60, 21.60, 20.70 and 16.20m, respectively. At different soil layer depths, the leaching concentrations of heavy metals followed the order Pb>Cr（Ⅵ）>Ni>Hg. The concentration trends increased rapidly and stabilized, with none exceeding the limit values. The findings confirmed no significant environmental pollution impacts occurred in the coal gangue backfill subsidence area.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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