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Speciation characteristics and risk evaluation of heavy metals solidified by MICP under improved perfusion methods
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Yu TANG1, 2, 3, Jun FU1, 4, 5, An CHEN1, 2, 3, *, Han ZHOU1, 4, 5, Yu ZHANG1, 2, 3, Lei LUO1, 2, 3
China Environmental Science | 2025, 45(3) : 1385 - 1394
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China Environmental Science | 2025, 45(3): 1385-1394
• Solid Waste •
Speciation characteristics and risk evaluation of heavy metals solidified by MICP under improved perfusion methods
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Yu TANG1, 2, 3, Jun FU1, 4, 5, An CHEN1, 2, 3, *, Han ZHOU1, 4, 5, Yu ZHANG1, 2, 3, Lei LUO1, 2, 3
Affiliations
  • 1.Faculty of Land Resources Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
  • 2.Key Laboratory of Geohazard Forecast and Geoecological Restoration in Plateau Mountainous Area, Ministry of Natural Resources of the People’s Republic of China, Kunming 650093, China
  • 3.Yunnan Key Laboratory of Geohazard Forecast and Geoecological Restoration in Plateau Mountainous Area, Kunming 650093, China
  • 4.Kunming Prospecting Design Institute of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Co. Ltd, Kunming 650051, China
  • 5.Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Geotechnical Engineering and Geological Hazards, Kunming 650051, China
Published: 2025-03-20
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This paper investigated the application of an improved perfusion method for microbial-induced calcium carbonate precipitation（MICP）technology in the solidification of heavy metals. Bacillus pasteurii was employed as the urease-engineered bacterium, and a 0.5cm diameter channel filled with pebbles and wire mesh was constructed to facilitate the injection treatment of industrial solid waste tailings. The migration behavior of heavy metals in the tailings was examined, the mechanisms of MICP solidification were analyzed, and a risk assessment was conducted. The results indicated that, following MICP treatment, the migration factors（MF）of Cu, Pb, and Cd in the tailings were significantly reduced by 78.94%, 61.88%, and 64.06%, respectively. Calcium carbonate precipitation was formed, filling the tailings model box and significantly increasing the residual fractions of Cu, Pb, and Cd（76.43%~92.48%）. Consequently, the environmental risks of Cu, Pb, and Cd were reduced from very high to moderate levels, significantly lowering the pollution risk of the tailings. The improved perfusion method was shown to enhance the diffusion channels of the bacterial solution, increased its contact efficiency with the tailings, promoted rapid calcium carbonate precipitation and solidification, and ensured uniform penetration while avoiding uneven solidification. This study provides a valuable reference for the engineering application of MICP technology in heavy metal pollution remediation.

microbial-induced calcium carbonate precipitation（MICP）  /  heavy metal morphology  /  risk assessment  /  heavy metal pollution
Yu TANG, Jun FU, An CHEN, Han ZHOU, Yu ZHANG, Lei LUO. Speciation characteristics and risk evaluation of heavy metals solidified by MICP under improved perfusion methods[J]. China Environmental Science, 2025 , 45 (3) : 1385 -1394 .
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Article Info
  • Receive Date：2024-08-22
  • Online Date：2026-03-18
  • Published：2025-03-20
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  • Received：2024-08-22
Funding
Affiliations
    1.Faculty of Land Resources Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
    2.Key Laboratory of Geohazard Forecast and Geoecological Restoration in Plateau Mountainous Area, Ministry of Natural Resources of the People’s Republic of China, Kunming 650093, China
    3.Yunnan Key Laboratory of Geohazard Forecast and Geoecological Restoration in Plateau Mountainous Area, Kunming 650093, China
    4.Kunming Prospecting Design Institute of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Co. Ltd, Kunming 650051, China
    5.Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Geotechnical Engineering and Geological Hazards, Kunming 650051, China
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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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