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The migration behavior of microplastics in aquatic environments is governed by complex interactions among hydraulic, physical, and material-specific factors. This study integrates hydraulic experiments and force analysis to identify the critical hydraulic parameter thresholds influencing state transitions of different microplastic types in freshwater systems. A Lagrangian particle tracking method is then employed to develop a migration model grounded in well-defined physical principles. This model simulates microplastic trajectories, predicting their ultimate movement states and environmental fate. The model is validated using field data from the urban section of the Jialu River in Zhengzhou, China. Results indicate that 66.79% of microplastics in this section have particle sizes smaller than 0.5mm, with fragmented（31.1%）and fibrous（29.2%）shapes being predominant. Polypropylene（PP）migrates as floating debris with the highest velocity, while polystyrene（PS）and polyamide（PA）particles smaller than 0.5mm migrate as suspended load. In contrast, polyethylene terephthalate（PET）and PA particles larger than 0.5mm migrate as bedload or remain stationary on the riverbed. Under flow rates of 14m3/s and 20m3/s, retention rates of microplastics over 36hours were 43.79%and 47.85%, respectively, with PA and PET constituting the major retained microplastic types. These findings provide valuable insights into the hydrodynamic behavior and environmental fate of microplastics, offering guidance for pollution management in freshwater systems.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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