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Dry-rewetting and freeze-thaw cycles enhance the stability of lead passivation by microbes immobilized in weathered coal
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Dai PANG1, 2, Xiao-zhen LI1, 2, Yan-wen SUN1, 2, Lin LI1, 2, Zi-le JIAO2, Jian-hua LI1, 2, *
China Environmental Science | 2025, 45(5) : 2681 - 2692
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China Environmental Science | 2025, 45(5): 2681-2692
• Soil Pollution Control •
Dry-rewetting and freeze-thaw cycles enhance the stability of lead passivation by microbes immobilized in weathered coal
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Dai PANG1, 2, Xiao-zhen LI1, 2, Yan-wen SUN1, 2, Lin LI1, 2, Zi-le JIAO2, Jian-hua LI1, 2, *
Affiliations
  • 1.College of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
  • 2.Institute of Eco-Environment and Industrial Technology Shanxi Agricultural University, Soil Health Laboratory in Shanxi Province, Taiyuan 030031, China
Published: 2025-05-20
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The impacts of dry-rewetting and freeze-thaw cycles on DTPA-extractable Pb（II）content and Pb speciation in soils and material structure of weathered coal-based immobilized microbial materials were investigated through a controlled simulated experiment. This study aimed to explore the mechanisms through which these two factors affect the effectiveness of lead-contaminated soil remediation using selected microbes. The results showed that after 35 dry-rewetting cycles, the DTPA-extractable Pb（II）content in low-concentration lead-contaminated soil（LS）and high-concentration lead-contaminated soil（HS）decreased by 46.41% and 29.42%, respectively, compared to the initial levels. After 35 freeze-thaw cycles, the content in LS and HS decreased by 40.06% and 32.77%, respectively. Additionally, the residual fraction of Pb in LS increased under both dry-rewetting and freeze-thaw treatments. Structural analysis revealed that the surface of weathered coal-became rougher, with increases in specific surface area, oxygen-containing functional groups, and Pb adsorption sites increased after dry-wet and freeze-thaw cycles. These changes enhanced complexation with functional groups thereby improving the stability of the passivation effect on lead contamination.

dry-rewetting cycle  /  freeze-thaw cycle  /  stability  /  lead-contaminated soil  /  weathered coal-based immobilized microbes
Dai PANG, Xiao-zhen LI, Yan-wen SUN, Lin LI, Zi-le JIAO, Jian-hua LI. Dry-rewetting and freeze-thaw cycles enhance the stability of lead passivation by microbes immobilized in weathered coal[J]. China Environmental Science, 2025 , 45 (5) : 2681 -2692 .
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  • Receive Date：2024-09-03
  • Online Date：2026-03-18
  • Published：2025-05-20
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  • Received：2024-09-03
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Affiliations
    1.College of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
    2.Institute of Eco-Environment and Industrial Technology Shanxi Agricultural University, Soil Health Laboratory in Shanxi Province, Taiyuan 030031, China
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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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