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This study aims to investigate the VOCs pollution characteristics in the high-tech industrial zone of Tongchuan City, a medium-sized city in the Fenwei Plain, by using online monitoring methods to measure the concentration of environmental VOCs components (a total of 115species) in the atmosphere of the Tongchuan High-tech Industrial Development Zone, thereby obtaining a high-resolution time series and seasonal variation patterns of atmospheric VOCs. The Positive Matrix Factorization(PMF) model was utilized to identify the primary sources of VOCs, and the Maximum Incremental Reactivity (MIR) method was applied to quantify the Ozone Formation Potential (OFP) of VOCs. Furthermore, the Hazard Index (HI) and Lifetime Cancer Risk (LCR) of toxic VOCs were calculated. The findings revealed that during the monitoring period, the average values of φ (TVOCs) in spring, summer, and winter were respectively (69.03 ± 47.48)×10-9, (92.66 ± 37.54)×10-9, and (134.90± 74.58)×10-9, with the top three components in each season being consistent (alkanes > alkenes > aromatics). PMF source apportionment results indicated that the sources of atmospheric VOCs in the development zone were primarily from chemical companies, motor vehicles, and combustion emissions (each contributing over 20%). OFP assessment outcomes revealed that OVOCs were the major contributing components in all seasons, with ethanol, acetaldehyde, and ethylene being the primary species. Health risk assessments indicated that the HI in spring, summer, and winter all exceeded acceptable levels (HI > 1), suggesting non-carcinogenic health risks to the exposed population. Acrolein, in particular, had a notably high hazard index, exceeding 1in all seasons. The lifetime cancer risks in spring, summer, and winter were 1.68×10-5, 1.57×10-5, and 8.42×10-5, respectively, indicating a slight carcinogenic risk in all seasons.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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