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To alleviate the harmful effects of salinization on soil micro-ecological environments, this study investigates the restorative effects of a dual microbial system on saline-alkaline soil. The experiment used the tomato variety 'Zhongshu No. 4'(Lycopersicon esculentum L.) as the test plant and tested arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and Bacillus subtilis as inoculants. Inoculations were carried out using pot culture and root drenching methods, with saline-alkaline solutions at concentrations of 15mmol/L (SA1), 75mmol/L (SA2), and 150mmol/L (SA3), to assess the effects of exogenous AMF and B. subtilis on the soil micro-ecological environment under saline-alkaline stress. Results showed that both AMF+B. subtilis sterilisation solution (Gm) and AMF steriliser+B. subtilis (B) moderately improved the saline-alkaline soil conditions. However, the dual treatment (Gm+B)demonstrated the most pronounced remediation effect. Under the dual inoculation, plant height increased significantly, by 57.52%compared to the blank control (CK1) and by 58.04% compared to the inactivated inoculant control (CK2). In the Gm+B group, soil organic matter increased by a maximum of 47.15% compared to CK1, exceeding the growth observed in the Gm and B treatments alone. Significant increases in soil total nitrogen (N), available phosphorus (P), and available potassium (K) were observed, with improvements of 38.85% (SA2+Gm+B), 465.20% (SA1+Gm+B), and 157.75% (SA3+Gm+B), respectively. Soil enzyme activities, including urease, sucrase, and catalase, were markedly enhanced under dual treatment, with increases of 63.64% (SA2+Gm+B),209.63% (SA3+Gm+B), and 45.26% (SA3+Gm+B), respectively. Soil bacterial, fungal, and actinomycete populations increased to 1.93, 1.25, and 4.37times those of CK1under SA2+Gm+B and SA3+Gm+B, indicating a substantial improvement in the rhizosphere microbial community structure. The synergistic interaction of AMF and B. subtilis reduced soil pH and electrical conductivity while significantly increasing soil moisture content. N, P, and K levels showed an upward trend, and AMF colonization rates were enhanced, effectively mitigating the negative effects of saline-alkaline soil on enzyme activities and promoting root and stem development. Therefore, the AMF-B. subtilis dual microbial system demonstrates strong potential for effective ecological restoration of saline-alkaline soil microenvironments.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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