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The pollution characteristics and population health risk assessment of organopho sphorus esters around the typical electronic industry
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Zhan-lu LÜ1, 2, Ling ZHENG1, Ting-ting ZHU3, Pu YE3, Chun-yan GUI1, 4, Bin LUO4, Ling-Chuan GUO1, *
China Environmental Science | 2025, 45(6) : 3460 - 3471
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China Environmental Science | 2025, 45(6): 3460-3471
• Environmental Toxicology and Environmental Health •
The pollution characteristics and population health risk assessment of organopho sphorus esters around the typical electronic industry
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Zhan-lu LÜ1, 2, Ling ZHENG1, Ting-ting ZHU3, Pu YE3, Chun-yan GUI1, 4, Bin LUO4, Ling-Chuan GUO1, *
Affiliations
  • 1.State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Ecological Effect and Risk Assessment of Chemicals, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
  • 2.Key Laboratory of Semi-Arid Climate Change of Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
  • 3.State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source Management and Technology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Emerging Contaminants Detection and Control inWater Environment, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Low Energy Sewage Treatment, Shenzhen Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shenzhen 518001, China
  • 4.Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
Published: 2025-06-20
Outline
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To investigate the environmental behavior of organophosphate esters (OPEs) in the surroundings of the electronics industry, an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was used to determine the concentration levels of 18 OPEs in soil, atmospheric, and wastewater samples, which were collected from surrounding areas of typical electronic industry enterprises in Shenzhen. Correlation analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) were applied to identify pollution sources, and the health risk levels of people of different age groups were evaluated. The results indicated that the detection rates of 18 OPEs in various environmental media were found to range between 40.9% and 100.0%. In 34 soil samples, 21 atmospheric samples, and 30 wastewater samples, the mean concentrations of ∑18 OPEs were determined to be 283ng/g (12.2~857ng/g), 4.48×105 pg/m3(3.12×103~2.95×106 pg/m3), and 1.11×106 ng/L (5.39×105~2.73×106 ng/L), respectively. Tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphate (AO168=O), tris(4-tert-butylphenyl) phosphate (T4tBPP), tris(2-chloropropyl) phosphate (TCPP), and bisphenol A bis(diphenyl phosphate) (BPADP) were identified as the predominant OPEs across all media. The correlation and principal component analysis (PCA) results demonstrated that OPE contamination in the vicinity of electronic industry enterprises was predominantly influenced by industrial production emissions and traffic-related discharges. Non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks associated with multi-pathway exposure to OPEs in soil and atmospheric media across different age groups were found to remain within acceptable thresholds; however, the health risks posed by long-term cumulative OPE exposure were identified as requiring sustained scientific attention.

organophosphorus esters  /  electronics industry  /  pollution characteristics  /  source analysis  /  health risk assessment
Zhan-lu LÜ, Ling ZHENG, Ting-ting ZHU, Pu YE, Chun-yan GUI, Bin LUO, Ling-Chuan GUO. The pollution characteristics and population health risk assessment of organopho sphorus esters around the typical electronic industry[J]. China Environmental Science, 2025 , 45 (6) : 3460 -3471 .
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Article Info
  • Receive Date：2024-10-09
  • Online Date：2026-02-27
  • Published：2025-06-20
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History
  • Received：2024-10-09
Funding
Affiliations
    1.State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Ecological Effect and Risk Assessment of Chemicals, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
    2.Key Laboratory of Semi-Arid Climate Change of Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
    3.State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source Management and Technology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Emerging Contaminants Detection and Control inWater Environment, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Low Energy Sewage Treatment, Shenzhen Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shenzhen 518001, China
    4.Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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