Full
Outline
To investigate the associations of the energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DII) with hyperglycemia risk and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level among adults in China.
A total of 9 363 adults aged ≥ 18 years who participated in at least two rounds of the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) in 2009, 2015, and 2018, with complete dietary data and blood glucose measurements, were included. The E-DII was calculated based on a quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Participants were assigned into quintiles (Q1–Q5) according to the E-DII distribution in each survey year. The associations of E-DII with hyperglycemia risk and FPG level were analyzed via a three-level logistic mixed-effects model and a three-level linear mixed-effects model, respectively, with inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) for confounding adjustment.
The baseline mean age of the 9 363 participants was (51.4 ± 13.1) years, with an average follow-up of 5.6 years. The E-DII scores ranged from −4.5 to 5.2, with a mean of 0.6. The prevalence of hyperglycemia was 24.2%. After adjusting for confounders, compared with the Q5 group (highest pro-inflammatory diet), the Q2 group in the overall population had a decreased risk of hyperglycemia (OR = 0.616, 95%CI: 0.470 to 0.807). Similar trends were observed in males, individuals aged 45–59 years at baseline, both rural and urban residents, and the overall population. In the overall population, the Q4 group exhibited a 0.046 mmol/L decrease in FPG (95%CI: −0.091 to −0.001). In females, the Q1 group showed a 0.120 mmol/L reduction in FPG (95%CI: −0.216 to −0.024). Among participants aged 18–44 years at baseline, the Q1 and Q4 groups had FPG reductions of 0.160 mmol/L (95%CI: −0.281 to −0.039) and 0.128 mmol/L (95%CI: −0.238 to −0.018), respectively. Urban residents in the Q3 and Q4 groups demonstrated FPG decreases of 0.195 mmol/L (95%CI: −0.349 to −0.041) and 0.180 mmol/L (95%CI: −0.330 to −0.029), respectively.
Reducing dietary inflammatory potential may aid in FBG control and hyperglycemia prevention among Chinese adults.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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