As an emerging non-invasive tumor treatment technique, sonodynamic therapy (SDT) uses ultrasound to stimulate the generation of reactive oxygen species to kill cancer cells. It has attracted much attention due to its excellent tissue penetration, efficient therapeutic effect and low toxicity side effect. In recent years, the development of efficient and low toxicity sonosensitizers have become a research hotspot in this field. Inorganic sonosensitizers have shown great potential in the field of SDT due to their excellent stability, controllable physicochemical properties, multifunctional integration ability and tumor targeting ability. This review systematically summarizes the evolution of inorganic sonosensitizers and divides them into three generations: the first generation improves performance by optimizing material structure, the second generation focuses on regulating the tumor microenvironment to enhance SDT efficacy, and the third generation achieves synergistic therapy by regulating immune response. Finally, this review discusses the challenges currently faced by inorganic sonosensitizers and looks forward to future development directions.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |