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In order to reduce the pedestrian safety problems caused by the lag of the emergency warning system in urban rail transit stations under large passenger flow conditions，the YOLOv5 algorithm was selected to predict passenger flow information. The artificial neural network (ANN) model was used to construct the urban rail transit emergency warning perception system. Firstly，the YOLOv5 algorithm was improved by optimizing the model training hyperparameters and prior frame parameters. Then，the emergency warning perception system was designed by selecting warning indicators，weight analysis and threshold definition. Finally，the self-organizing competitive network emergency warning model based on ANN was constructed by using Matlab software. The data collected by the optimized YOLOv5 algorithm were substituted into the emergency warning perception system through calculation，and the emergency warning perception system was verified by experiments. The results show that the optimized YOLOv5 algorithm can improve the accuracy of pedestrian target monitoring under large passenger flow conditions of urban rail transit by 7.04%. The judgment results obtained by substituting the pedestrian data collected by the optimized YOLOv5 algorithm into the constructed emergency warning perception system are consistent with the actual warning level，which proves the feasibility and effectiveness of the system and helps to improve the emergency warning level of urban rail transit.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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