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Outline
Malassezia furfur (M. furfur) is a common lipophilic fungus with strong epidermal colonization ability and high recurrence rates, capable of inducing a wide range of skin diseases in both animals and humans. Traditional antifungal therapies are associated with significant side effect and frequent drug resistance, necessitating the development of new treatment strategies. This study investigated the efficacy of a protonated phenanthroline-phenanthroline+ (ph-ph+) compound, previously developed by our team, in inhibiting the growth and reproduction of M. furfur. The results showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of ph-ph+ against M. furfur were 2 and 8 µg·mL-1, respectively. Furthermore, ph-ph+ significantly reduced key virulence characteristics of M. furfur, including biofilm formation, hydrophobicity, and adhesion capacity. Assessments using transmission electron microscopy and Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide staining confirmed that ph-ph+ kills M. furfur by inducing apoptosis. In a mouse skin infection model induced by M. furfur, topical application of ph-ph+ effectively cleared the fungus from the skin surface without causing skin irritation or other adverse reactions. This study demonstrates that ph-ph+ may represent a novel antimicrobial compound distinct from traditional drugs and provides a potential therapeutic approach for treating skin infections caused by M. furfur or other fungi. The experimental protocol was approved by the Animal Experiment Ethics Committee of Southwest University (approval No.: LAC2024-1-0446), and the experiments were conducted strictly in accordance with the ethical principles for the use and care of animals.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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