Accurate authentication of components in traditional Chinese patent medicines (TCPMs) is fundamental to ensuring the safety and accuracy. Analysis of whole-GEnome (AGE) has been applied to species identification across plants, animals, and fungi. However, its applicability to the authentication of components in TCPMs remains to be evaluated. In this study, AGE was performed to identify Panax notoginseng in TCPMs. Bioinformatic analysis of nine genome assemblies from six Panax species yielded 4 289 410 specific target sequences of P. notoginseng, from which a species-specific target sequence database was constructed. Target sequences were selected and validated by Sanger sequencing. Four molecular techniques including PCR combined with agarose gel electrophoresis, PCR coupled with Sanger sequencing, TaqMan probe-based quantitative PCR, and high-resolution melting analysis were employed to detect the target sequence, thereby establishing identification methods for P. notoginseng. These assays were further applied to commercial TCPMs, all of which were successfully detected to contain P. notoginseng. Therefore, AGE enables accurate identification of components in TCPMs, offering new insights and technologies for quality control of TCPMs.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |