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The rice fermentation products of the fungus Scedosporium aurantiacum GXIMD 02519 were isolated and purified by silica gel column chromatography and semi-preparative liquid chromatography, etc. Their structures were characterized by various spectroscopic methods, including HR-ESIMS and NMR, etc. The inhibitory activity of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and osteoclast differentiation of these compounds were determined by approaches of NF-κB luciferase reporter gene and tartrate-resistant acidic phosphatase (TRAP) staining. A new azaphilone, isochromophilone M (1), along with nine known compounds, were isolated and identified from the fungus S. aurantiacum GXIMD 02519, which were identified as 6-((1E, 3E)-3, 5-dimethylhepta-1, 3-dien-1-yl)-2, 4-dihydroxy-3-methylbenzaldehyde (2), barbatinic acid (3), botryorhodine B (4), 2, 6-dihydroxy-3, 4-dimethylbenzoic acid methyl ester (5), 2, 4-dihydroxy-3, 6-dimethylbenzoic acid (6), atranol (7), 4-methoxyphenylacetic acid (8), 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (9), and scopararane C (10). Compounds 3 and 10 showed inhibitions of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced NF-κB activation in RAW264.7 cells. Moreover, compound 10 could further inhibit receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation in bone marrow macrophages without observed cytotoxicity. This is the first report of the diterpene compound (10) as a potential inhibitor of osteoclast differentiation.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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