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The chemical constituents of the aerial parts of Euphorbia antiquorum (family Euphorbiaceae) were investigated. From the EtOAc partition of the 90% EtOH extract of the title species, thirteen compounds were separated by silica gel, octadecylsilyl silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies, as well as semi-preparative HPLC. The structures of these isolates were characterized as five pimarane-type (1-5), two abietane-type (6, 7) and six atisane-type (8-13) diterpenoids on the basis of spectroscopic analyses (MS, NMR, ECD, etc.). Among them, compounds 1 and 6 were identified as two previously unreported ones. The α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of selective diterpenoids was further evaluated in the current work. Compound 1 exhibited moderate inhibition against the enzyme, with an IC50 of 150.03 ± 3.41 μmol·L-1, being lower than that of the reference drug acarbose.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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