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Two-pore domain potassium channels (K2P) make up a subfamily of potassium channels discovered in the 1990s, and TREK-1 is the most widely studied subtype of K2P. TREK-1 is widely expressed in the body and especially in the central nervous system, where its main role is to control cell excitability and maintain the membrane potential below the depolarization threshold. It thereby participates in regulating various physiological and pathological processes. TREK-1 is also a potential drug target in many diseases. It is known that many marketed drugs can affect the function of TREK-1, but currently there are no specific TREK-1 modulators or drugs. We review the structure, distribution and regulation of TREK-1 and focus on recent progress in understanding the pharmacology of TREK-1 and its role in neuroprotection, depression, anesthesia and epilepsy. The research status of TREK-1 modulators is discussed.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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