ACK1 (activated Cdc42-associated kinase) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase, originally identified by its binding to the GTP-binding small GTPase Cdc42. It is widely expressed in human tissues and activated by various extracellular growth factors such as EGF, PDGF and TGF-β. The activated ACK1 mediates the signaling cascade by interacting with downstream effectors followed by their phosphorylation. In recent years, researchers have investigated the biological functions of ACK1 and its roles in cancer research. The gene amplification and overexpression of ACK1 is associated with a poor prognosis and metastasis in a variety of cancers including lung, ovarian and prostate cancers. Therefore, the development of small molecule inhibitors of ACK1 provides promising opportunities for cancer-targeted therapy. In this review, we briefly describe recent advances in understanding the activation and biological function of ACK1 and introduce its novel inhibitors with potential therapeutic activities in preclinical studies.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |