To develop a cell-penetrating peptide with high membrane penetrating ability and effective antitumor activity, we designed and synthesized an analogue of penetratin, [Cys-CPT2, 9] penetratin, by substitution of Gln2 and Asn9 with Cys-CPT. We investigated the transmembrane activity and antitumor activity of [Cys-CPT2, 9] penetratin. The fluorescence intensity of [Cys-CPT2, 9] penetratin in HeLa cells was observed by laser confocal microscopy and flow cytometry, and the cell uptake mechanism of [Cys-CPT2, 9] penetratin was evaluated by using different endocytic inhibitors, finally the anti-tumor activity of [Cys-CPT2, 9] penetratin was tested by MTT assay. The results showed that the membrane activity of [Cys-CPT2, 9] penetratin was significantly enhanced in laser confocal microscopy and flow cytometry assay, and the intracellular fluorescence intensity was 5 times higher than penetratin. The cell uptake mechanism study of [Cys-CPT2, 9] penetratin indicated that it mainly entered the cell through the clathrin and endocytosis. Moreover, [Cys-CPT2, 9] penetratin exhibited anti-tumor activity against HeLa cells, and its inhibitory effect on cancer cells was stronger than CPT. [Cys-CPT2, 9] penetratin is a new cell-penetrating peptide with high translocation ability, and has anti-tumor activity against HeLa cells.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |