Antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) has become an effective method for treating various diseases, especially cancer, due to its clear target and good selectivity in clinical practice. However, the monoclonal antibodies in traditional ADC have poor tissue permeability, high modification costs, pose risks such as immunogenicity and immunotoxicity. The nanobody (Nb) which is extracted from the blood of camel animals, is the smallest antibody fragment known to have complete antigen binding ability. It has advantages such as strong tissue permeability, strong specificity, low immunogenicity, and high stability, and can replace traditional monoclonal antibodies to participate in the construction of nanobody-drug conjugate (NDC). This article reviews and discusses the advantages of Nb structure, the construction and application of NDC in the hope of providing ideas for the research and development of NDC.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |