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Outline
CD4+ T cell-mediated immune inflammatory responses play a significant role in the development and progression of atherosclerosis (AS). CD4+ T cells can differentiate into multiple subtypes, such as pro-inflammatory Th1/Th17 cells and anti-inflammatory Th2/Treg cells, and the imbalance between these subtypes determines the direction of progression of AS. Increasingly, studies have shown that metabolic reprogramming of CD4+ T cells induces their pro-inflammatory differentiation, exacerbates vascular microenvironmental inflammation and plaque instability, and thus promotes the development of AS. In this review, we shall focus on the relationship between CD4+ T cell metabolic reprogramming-mediated cellular differentiation, functional alterations, and the onset and progression of AS. We shall also examine therapeutic strategies targeting CD4+ T cell metabolism in AS. This will provide evidence for elucidating the mechanisms underlying vascular inflammation in AS and offer guidance for identifying novel targets and approaches for the prevention and treatment of AS in clinical practice.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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