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Research progress of Toll-like receptor 7 agonists
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Xin-yu QIAO1, Jing-fei XU2, Hui-qiang WEI2, Yi-liang LI2, *, Wen-bin HOU2, *
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica | 2026, 61(5) : 1513 - 1521
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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica | 2026, 61(5): 1513-1521
• Reviews •
Research progress of Toll-like receptor 7 agonists
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Xin-yu QIAO1, Jing-fei XU2, Hui-qiang WEI2, Yi-liang LI2, *, Wen-bin HOU2, *
Affiliations
  • 1Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
  • 2Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
Published: 2026-05-12 doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-0887
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Toll-like receptors (TLR), as important pattern recognition receptors (PRR), are widely distributed on the endosomal membrane surface of immune cells such as macrophages and dendritic cells. Among them, TLR7 has attracted much attention due to its specific recognition of the molecular pattern of viral single-stranded RNA (ssRNA). After TLR7 recognizes single-stranded ribonucleic acid, it activates a series of signal cascade reactions, initiating a high level of systemic adaptive immune response to kill the virus. In recent years, artificially synthesized TLR7 agonists have been used in the clinical treatment of diseases such as HPV infection and basal cell carcinoma. They activate the immune microenvironment by mimicking the structure of viral RNA, significantly enhancing the function of antigen-presenting cells and promoting Th1-type immune response. This paper summarizes the research progress of TLR7 agonists in the past decade and their application in various diseases, aiming to provide references for relevant research and development.

toll-like receptor 7  /  agonist  /  inflammatory disease  /  antitumor  /  signaling pathway
乔鑫宇, 许婧菲, 魏会强, 李祎亮, 侯文彬. Toll样受体7激动剂的研究进展. 药学学报, 2026 , 61 (5) : 1513 -1521 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-0887
Xin-yu QIAO, Jing-fei XU, Hui-qiang WEI, Yi-liang LI, Wen-bin HOU. Research progress of Toll-like receptor 7 agonists[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2026 , 61 (5) : 1513 -1521 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-0887
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Year 2026 volume 61 Issue 5
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Article Info
doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-0887
  • Receive Date：2025-07-29
  • Online Date：2026-09-21
  • Published：2026-05-12
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History
  • Received：2025-07-29
  • Revised：2025-10-30
Affiliations
    1Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
    2Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
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小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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