Full
Outline
The elusive in vivo fate of nanomedicines represents a critical barrier to their clinical translation. Recent rapid advancements in imaging technologies, such as fluorescence imaging (FLI), photoacoustic imaging (PAI), radionuclide imaging (RI), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and multimodal imaging (MI) have provided powerful tools for real-time and in situ analysis of nanomedicine behavior in vivo, encompassing morphological evolution, drug release kinetics, distribution, metabolic and so on. However, significant challenges persist, particularly in continuously tracking dynamic morphological changes throughout their entire lifecycle and achieving accurate quantitative analysis within the physiological microenvironment. This review focuses on recent progress in understanding the in vivo fate of nanomedicines, systematically summarizing the fundamental principles, applications, advantages and limitations of these imaging technologies. It also highlights recent breakthroughs in utilizing these technologies to decipher the in vivo fate of nanomedicines and explores future perspectives, such as the development of innovative probes and the integration of multimodal imaging platforms. The objective is to offer robust theoretical and technical foundations for optimizing the design of nanodrug delivery systems and promoting their clinical translation.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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