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Research progress of cystine/glutamate antiporter as drug targets
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Nan JIANG1, 2, Li-da DU3, De-wen KONG2, Xiao-bin PANG1, Guan-hua DU1, 2, *
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica | 2022, 57(6) : 1621 - 1629
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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica | 2022, 57(6): 1621-1629
• Special Reports: Oxidative Stress in Physiopathology and Pharmacological Treatment •
Research progress of cystine/glutamate antiporter as drug targets
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Nan JIANG1, 2, Li-da DU3, De-wen KONG2, Xiao-bin PANG1, Guan-hua DU1, 2, *
Affiliations
  • 1. School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
  • 2. Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
  • 3. Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S1A8, Canada
Published: 2022-06-12 doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-0542
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Cystine/glutamate antiporter [system Xc(-)] is a sodium independent amino acid transporter, which is a heterodimer composed of light chain subunit xCT and heavy chain subunit 4F2hc (CD98) through covalent disulfide bond. System Xc(-) typically mediates cystine uptake and glutamate output, helps to maintain the balance of glutamate, cystine and cysteine inside and outside the cell, regulates the level of glutamate inside and outside the membrane and the synthesis of intracellular glutathione, thus affecting oxidative stress and glutamate neurotoxicity. This review expounds the structure and function of system Xc(-), analyzes the role of the transporter in physiology and pathology, discusses the role and mechanism in different diseases, and discusses the specific research progress of system Xc(-) as a drug target. This review summarizes the research status of system Xc(-) and provides theoretical guidance for further research on system Xc(-) and drug discovery.

cystine/glutamate antiporter  /  oxidative stress  /  glutamate neurotoxicity  /  ferroptosis  /  drug target
Nan JIANG, Li-da DU, De-wen KONG, Xiao-bin PANG, Guan-hua DU. Research progress of cystine/glutamate antiporter as drug targets[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2022 , 57 (6) : 1621 -1629 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-0542
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Article Info
doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-0542
  • Receive Date：2022-05-05
  • Online Date：2025-12-23
  • Published：2022-06-12
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History
  • Received：2022-05-05
  • Revised：2022-05-22
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Affiliations
    1. School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
    2. Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
    3. Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S1A8, Canada
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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数
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Number of
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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