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Exploring characteristics and outlook of common stationary phases in thin-layer chromatography and their advantages in identification of traditional Chinese medicine
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Zi-hao SI1, Mooseob KIM1, Li PAN1, 2, Peng-sen ZHANG1, Li-hua GU1, 2, **, Li-hong WU1, 2, Li YANG1, 2, Zheng-tao WANG1, 2, **
Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis | 2025, 45(1) : 39 - 50
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Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis | 2025, 45(1): 39-50
• Review & Monography •
Exploring characteristics and outlook of common stationary phases in thin-layer chromatography and their advantages in identification of traditional Chinese medicine
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Zi-hao SI1, Mooseob KIM1, Li PAN1, 2, Peng-sen ZHANG1, Li-hua GU1, 2, **, Li-hong WU1, 2, Li YANG1, 2, Zheng-tao WANG1, 2, **
Affiliations
  • 1. MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
  • 2. Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai 201203, China
Published: 2025-01-31 doi: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024-0471
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Thin layer chromatography (TLC) has been widely used for the separation and analysis of various constituents across multiple fields, owing to its advantages of cost-effectiveness, flexibility, high-throughput, and intuitiveness. Among the factors influencing TLC results, the choice of stationary phase critical. Currently, the main stationary phases used in TLC for identifying Chinese materia medica and Chinese patent medicines recorded in Chinese Pharmcopoeia, are silica gel, polyamide, and cellulose. This article reviews the characteristics and application of these three stationary phases in the analysis of Chinese herbal medicines. Using Chrysanthemi Indici Flos, Descurainiae Semen and Lepidii Semen, Oroxyli Semen, Cistanches Herba, Typhae Pollen, and Catechu as examples where traditional method are suboptimal, silica gel plates were employed to develop TLC identification methods with well-defined and abundant spots. These results highlight the clear advantages and feasibility of silica gel as a stationary phase in analyzing flavonoids and phenolic acid components. The findings offer alternative approaches to improve the national standards of these traditional Chinese medicines. Additionally, the article discusses the future development trend of TLC technology.

thin-layer chromatography  /  silica gel  /  polyamide  /  cellulose  /  authenticity identification  /  quality control  /  qualitative identification
Zi-hao SI, Mooseob KIM, Li PAN, Peng-sen ZHANG, Li-hua GU, Li-hong WU, Li YANG, Zheng-tao WANG. Exploring characteristics and outlook of common stationary phases in thin-layer chromatography and their advantages in identification of traditional Chinese medicine[J]. Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 2025 , 45 (1) : 39 -50 . DOI: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024-0471
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Year 2025 volume 45 Issue 1
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Article Info
doi: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024-0471
  • Receive Date：2024-07-20
  • Online Date：2026-03-19
  • Published：2025-01-31
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  • Received：2024-07-20
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Affiliations
    1. MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
    2. Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai 201203, China
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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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