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To determine the contents of 28 elements in Xianzhuli under processes of dry distillation and fire preparation by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and evaluate the rationality of the current temperature used in the dry distillation process as well as whether the preparation process of commercial samples conforms to the traditional or modern one.
The samples of Xianzhuli were pre-treated with nitric acid before microwave digestion. The contents of 28 elements in 59 batches of Xianzhuli samples were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS), and the methodology was investigated.
The standard curve of 28 elements had a good linear relationship with r≥0.999 2. The detection limits were 0.007 1-1.249 5 ng·mL-1, the RSDs for precision, repeatability and repeatability tests were 0.30%-3.5%, 0.69%-6.4% and 1.1%-3.3%, respectively and the recovery rates were 88.6%-105.5% with RSDs ranged from 1.0% to 3.2%. The contents of Na, Mg, K, Ca, Mn, Fe, Zn and Rb in 59 batches of Xianzhuli were high, and the contents of heavy metal elements did not exceed the limit requirements. The results of cluster analysis showed that the samples prepared by dry distillation and fire preparation were clustered into one class. By principal component analysis, 7 principal components were obtained, and the cumulative variance rate was 75.6%. Mg, K, Ca, Cr, Fe, Co, Cu, Rb, Cd, Ba, Tl and Pb were identified as the characteristic elements of Xianzhuli.
Based on the contents of beneficial and harmful elements, it is found that the contents of toxic and harmful elements in the sample processed with 160 ℃ dry distillation are lower than processed with fire preparation. And the contents of beneficial elements are similar in two kinds of samples. This temperature is consistent with the dry distillation process temperature approved by provincial drug regulatory authorities for currently certified enterprises. Most of the commercially available samples meet the requirements of traditional or modern processes, and a few may have quality differences due to different processes. The determination and analysis of heavy metals and other elements in Xianzhuli under different processes can provided scientific basis for safe production and rational use of Xianzhuli.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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