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Progress of online pretreatment technology in the application of biological sample analysis
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Hai-lan LI1, 2, Yu-ping LIU1, Jian-neng YAO1, 2, Ying-ling LIU3, **, Ji LI1, 2, **
Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis | 2025, 45(5) : 739 - 753
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Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis | 2025, 45(5): 739-753
• Review & Monography •
Progress of online pretreatment technology in the application of biological sample analysis
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Hai-lan LI1, 2, Yu-ping LIU1, Jian-neng YAO1, 2, Ying-ling LIU3, **, Ji LI1, 2, **
Affiliations
  • 1. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
  • 2. Yunnan College of Modern Biomedical Industry, Kunming 650500, China
  • 3. Yunnan Institute of Medical Device Inspection, Kunming 650101, China
doi: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024-1062
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The components of biological samples are complex, and the concentration range of target analytes varies significantly. Therefore, sample pretreatment is particularly important for subsequent analysis. With the continuous development of analytical techniques, the requirements for sample pretreatment are also increasing. Pretreatment technologies are evolving towards microscale, time-saving, high-efficiency, online, and environmentally friendly directions to meet the requirements of complex matrices and trace analysis. Online pretreatment technologies integrate sample pretreatment steps and subsequent detection processes directly into an automated system, which can reduce steps and errors, improve analysis efficiency and sensitivity, and achieve automatic, rapid, and efficient analysis of target compounds. This paper reviews the online pretreatment technologies for biological samples in China and abroad in the past 10 years, offering valuable insights to guide future research and innovation in the realm of biological sample pretreatment.

online pretreatment  /  biological samples  /  solid phase extraction  /  solid phase microextraction  /  column switching  /  restricted access media  /  molecularly imprinted polymer  /  microdialysis  /  turbulent flow chromatograph  /  liquid phase microextraction
Hai-lan LI, Yu-ping LIU, Jian-neng YAO, Ying-ling LIU, Ji LI. Progress of online pretreatment technology in the application of biological sample analysis[J]. Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 2025 , 45 (5) : 739 -753 . DOI: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024-1062
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Article Info
doi: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024-1062
  • Receive Date：2024-08-20
  • Online Date：2025-12-12
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  • Received：2024-08-20
Funding
Affiliations
    1. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
    2. Yunnan College of Modern Biomedical Industry, Kunming 650500, China
    3. Yunnan Institute of Medical Device Inspection, Kunming 650101, China
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