Sandstone-type uranium deposits point has been found in Chepaizi area of the western Junggar Basin, among which the Neogene Shawan Formation uranium mineralization is widely distributed. The uranium metallogenic potential and prospecting direction in this area have been studied, but the uranium metallogenic conditions are not clear. The formation of sandstone-type uranium deposits is the result of water-rock interaction. It is important to study the relationship between hydrogeological conditions and uranium mineralization. According to the paleohydrogeological evolution, the hydrodynamic conditions of uranium mineralization were analyzed. The hydrochemical components were used to analyze the hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater. The uranium exploration and oil data were used to analyze the geochemical characteristics of rocks, sand body characteristics, sedimentary facies characteristics, development characteristics of ancient interlayer oxidation zones, and oil-gas transformation. The differences in the hydrogeological conditions of uranium mineralization in the three sand groups of the first member of the Shawan Formation and the favorable areas for uranium mineralization were revealed. The research shows that the 128 group has the most favorable hydrogeological conditions for uranium enrichment where is the intersection of the underwater distributary channel of the fan delta front and the braided river delta front and on both sides of the fault zone. The thickness of the sand body is stable, the connectivity is good, the uranium mineralization lasts for a long time. The uranium metallogenic condition of Tachakou area and 126 group is less. The 3 sand group of Shawan Formation was the best, the 1 sand group was the second, and the 2 sand group was the worst.