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Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is an atomic emission spectroscopy technique that generates plasma by focusing pulsed laser on a sample and then analyzes the emitted light spectrum to obtain the composition and content of the substance. Due to its advantages such as in-situ detection, low sample pretreatment requirements, and simultaneous detection of multiple elements, it has shown great potential in the biomedical field. Principal component analysis (PCA), as a classic dimensionality reduction technique, retains the main features of LIBS spectral data while eliminating redundant variables in the spectral data, significantly improving the classification efficiency of the model. This paper reviews the research status and latest progress of LIBS technology combined with PCA in biomedical applications in recent years. It focuses on summarizing the application of such technologies and methods in disease diagnosis, drug analysis, forensic science and other related fields. It provides suggestions for future development from the perspectives of algorithm optimization, development of portable devices, and promotion of multi-technology integration, providing a reference for achieving precise medical treatment and real-time monitoring, and offering support for medical research and clinical applications.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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