The ‘loop intervention’ for the hand function rehabilitation of stroke patients is based on the ‘central-peripheral-central’ closed loop. By organically integrating central intervention and peripheral intervention, it constructs a ‘closed-loop’ information feedback system, which precisely acts on the specific or functionally related brain regions of patients. This model is based on brain plasticity and the remodeling of neural pathways, giving full play to the complementary functions of ‘peripheral intervention’ and ‘central intervention’. It directly addresses the key issue of the change in cortical function after brain injury, effectively promoting central remodeling and peripheral control, and improving the hand function of patients. Functional electrical stimulation (FES) has various peripheral intervention modes, such as linked FES, task-oriented training FES, real-time FES, etc. The commonly combined central intervention methods include repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial direct current stimulation, brain-computer interface, etc. The combination of the two forms the ‘loop intervention’ model. The ‘loop intervention’ is committed to providing a more effective treatment plan for the hand function rehabilitation of clinical stroke patients. It has great application value in improving patients' ability to perform daily activities and their quality of life. It is expected to effectively improve the rehabilitation status of stroke patients and has far-reaching social value.