Full
Outline
To analyze the differences in fat deposition in the pancreas, kidneys and vertebral bodies between patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and healthy subjects using the mDixon-Quant quantitative technique, and to investigate metabolic parameters among MetS patients with different visceral fat deposition patterns.
This prospective study enrolled 58 MetS patients admitted to the Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University between June 2023 and September 2024 into the MetS group. Meanwhile, 52 healthy volunteers were recruited as the control group. The fat fraction (FF) and T2* values of the pancreas, renal cortex, renal medulla and vertebral bodies were measured via mDixon-Quant sequence. Clinical data including waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), triglycerides, total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were collected. The K-means clustering algorithm was applied to stratify MetS patients into subgroups according to fat deposition patterns, and metabolic indicators were compared across subgroups.
Waist circumference, BMI, triglyceride levels, as well as FF values of the pancreas, renal cortex and vertebral bodies were significantly higher in the MetS group than in the control group, whereas high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and T2* values of the pancreas, renal cortex and renal medulla were markedly lower (all P<0.05). Clustering analysis classified MetS patients into three phenotypes: multi-organ fat deposition, pancreas-skeleton predominant fat deposition, and kidney-predominant fat deposition. Patients with multi-organ fat deposition exhibited significantly higher waist circumference, triglycerides and total cholesterol compared with the other two subgroups (P<0.05).
The FF values of the pancreas, kidneys and vertebral bodies are significantly elevated in MetS patients. Among all phenotypes, individuals with multi-organ fat deposition present higher triglyceride and total cholesterol concentrations. The concept of multi-organ synergistic lesions can provide imaging evidence for precise subtyping and risk stratification of metabolic syndrome.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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