To explore the effects of low-frequency pulsed electrical stimulation combined with betahistine injection on cochlear function and hemorheological indicators in patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL).

A total of 102 patients with SSNHL admitted to the Department of Otorhinolaryngology of Liqun Hospital, Putuo District, Shanghai from January 2019 to January 2025 were selected and divided into a control group and an experimental group, each consisting of 51 patients, based on different treatment regimens. The control group was treated with betahistine injection, while the experimental group received low-frequency pulsed electrical stimulation in addition to the same treatment. The changes in cochlear function, hearing threshold gain, and hemorheological indicators [high shear rate blood viscosity (HSR-BV), low shear rate blood viscosity (LSR-BV), and plasma viscosity (PV)] before and after treatment were compared between the two groups.

After treatment, the hearing loss decibel number and pure tone air conduction hearing threshold value in the experimental group were lower than those before treatment and those in the control group at the same time, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The hearing threshold gain value in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The total effective rate of ABR test results in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). After treatment, the PV, LSR-BV, and HSR-BV in the experimental group were lower than those before treatment and those in the control group at the same time, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).

Low frequency pulse electrical stimulation combined with betahistine injection can play a significant synergistic role in the treatment of SSNHL, improving microcirculation, regulating hemorheology, enhancing neuroprotection, optimizing cochlear function, and improving hearing level.