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Article(id=1324078043072955274, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1324077868950631142, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202510199, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1760630400000, receivedDateStr=2025-10-17, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793614405649, onlineDateStr=2026-11-02, pubDate=1771948800000, pubDateStr=2026-02-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793614405649, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-11-02, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793614405649, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793614405649, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1324077868950631142, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2026', volume='53', issue='4', pageStart='577', pageEnd='768', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1771948800000', pubDateStr='2026-02-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1793614364134, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793614446224, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1324078213328142371, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1324077868950631142, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1324078213332336676, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1324077868950631142, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=582, endPage=586, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1324078043530134411, articleId=1324078043072955274, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Prevalence of hyperuricemia and its influencing factors among residents aged 35-74 years, Hainan, columnId=1228016567443718970, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Epidemiology and Statistical Methods Advances, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To investigate the prevalence of hyperuricemia and its associated risk factors among residents aged 35-74 years in Hainan Province, and to provide scientific evidence for the development of prevention and control strategies for hyperuricemia.

Methods

A total of 3 950 eligible participants were selected from the prospective chronic disease cohort of the general population in Hainan from 2017 to 2021. Binary logistic regression models were used to identify risk factors associated with hyperuricemia.

Results

A total of 3 950 participants were included in this study, and the prevalence of hyperuricemia (HUA) was 17.2% (679/3 950). Results from the multivariable logistic regression model showed that overweight/obesity (compared with underweight, OR=14.496, 95% CI:7.566-27.773), retirement (compared with manual labor, OR=2.184, 95% CI:1.166-4.091), smoking (OR=2.300, 95% CI:1.820-2.906), alcohol consumption (OR=11.073, 95% CI:8.713-14.073), eating late-night snacks (OR=7.628, 95% CI:5.135-11.333), fair sleep quality (compared with good sleep quality, OR=4.928, 95% CI:3.588-6.768), poor sleep quality (OR=14.194, 95% CI:10.145-19.859), and living in urban areas (compared with rural areas, OR=2.526, 95% CI:1.971-3.237) were major risk factors for HUA. In contrast, having completed junior high school (compared with no formal education, OR=0.278, 95% CI:0.130-0.595) or high school and above (OR=0.366, 95% CI:0.174-0.767), engaging in mental labor (compared with manual labor, OR=0.270, 95% CI:0.169-0.432) or other types of labor (OR=0.381, 95% CI:0.208-0.699), and eating breakfast (OR=0.446, 95% CI:0.344-0.577) were protective factors against HUA.

Conclusion

The prevalence of hyperuricemia (HUA) among middle-aged and older adults aged 35-74 years in Hainan Province is relatively high. Targeted health education and interventions should be prioritized for key populations, including those who are overweight/obese, retired, havingpoor sleep quality, or engagingin unhealthy behaviors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, and late-night eating, in order to reduce the risk of HUA.

, authors=Yi-xi ZHANG, Miao-lin HAN, Shi-long GUO, Fan ZHANG, authorsList=Yi-xi ZHANG, Miao-lin HAN, Shi-long GUO, Fan ZHANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Fan ZHANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1324078046147380112, articleId=1324078043072955274, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=CN, title=海南省35~74岁居民高尿酸血症患病情况及影响因素分析, columnId=1228016567632462653, journalTitle=现代预防医学, columnName=流行病与统计方法, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

了解海南省35~74岁居民高尿酸血症患病率及其相关危险因素，为高尿酸血症预防控制措施的制定提供科学依据。

方法

从2017—2021年海南地区自然人群慢性病前瞻性队列中选取符合条件的3 950名调查对象，应用二元logistic回归分析模型分析探讨高尿酸血症的相关危险因素。

结果

本研究共纳入研究对象3 950人，高尿酸血症患病率为17.2%（679/3 950）。多因素logistic回归分析模型分析结果显示，超重/肥胖（相对于消瘦，OR=14.496, 95% CI: 7.566~27.773）、退休（相对于体力劳动，OR=2.184, 95% CI: 1.166~4.091）、吸烟（OR=2.300, 95% CI: 1.820~2.906）、饮酒（OR=11.073, 95% CI: 8.713~14.073）、吃宵夜（OR=7.628, 95% CI: 5.135~11.333），睡眠质量一般（相对于睡眠质量较好，OR=4.928, 95% CI: 3.588~6.768）和睡眠质量较差（OR=14.194, 95% CI: 10.145~19.859）、居住在城市（相对于居住在农村，OR=2.526, 95% CI: 1.971~3.237），是HUA的主要危险因素；初中（相对于未上过学，OR=0.278, 95% CI: 0.130~0.595）和高中及以上（OR=0.366, 95% CI: 0.174~0.767）、脑力劳动（相对于体力劳动，OR=0.270, 95% CI: 0.169~0.432）和其他劳动（OR=0.381, 95% CI: 0.208~0.699）、吃早餐（OR=0.446, 95% CI: 0.344~0.577）是HUA的保护因素。

结论

海南省35~74岁中老年人群HUA患病率处于较高水平，应注意针对超重/肥胖、退休、睡眠质量较差和具有吸烟、饮酒、吃宵夜不良健康行为等重点人群开展有针对性的健康教育与干预，以降低HUA的发生风险。

, authors=张艺玺, 韩苗林, 郭世龙, 张帆, authorsList=张艺玺, 韩苗林, 郭世龙, 张帆, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=张帆, authorNote=

张艺玺（2000—），男，硕士在读，研究方向：营养与健康

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张帆，E-mail:
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张艺玺（2000—），男，硕士在读，研究方向：营养与健康

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Front Nutr, 2025, 12: 1588980., articleTitle=Impact of alcohol consumption on hyperuricemia and gout: a systematic review and meta-analysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324078055613924316, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324078043072955274, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=35, issue=12, pageStart=2079, pageEnd=2089, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=35, authorNames=Li X, Song PG, Li JP, journalName=Rheumatology International, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li X, Song PG, Li JP, et al. Relationship between hyperuricemia and dietary risk factors in Chinese adults: a cross-sectional study[J]. Rheumatology International, 2015, 35(12): 2079-2089., articleTitle=Relationship between hyperuricemia and dietary risk factors in Chinese adults: a cross-sectional study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324078055697810397, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324078043072955274, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=15, issue=1, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=36, authorNames=Jin H, Lee SY, Lee W, journalName=Scientific Reports, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Jin H, Lee SY, Lee W. Relationship between breakfast skipping and hyperuricemia in Korean adults: results from KNHANES 2016-2023[J]. Scientific Reports, 2025, 15(1): 25123., articleTitle=Relationship between breakfast skipping and hyperuricemia in Korean adults: results from KNHANES 2016-2023, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1324078048907232182, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324078043072955274, awardId=2017YFC0907104, language=CN, fundingSource=国家重点研发计划(2017YFC0907104), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1324078050584953783, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324078043072955274, awardId=81860577, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(81860577), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1324078050723365816, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324078043072955274, awardId=Qhys2023-499, language=CN, fundingSource=2023年海南省研究生创新科研课题(Qhys2023-499), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1324078046386455441, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324078043072955274, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324078046394844050, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324078043072955274, companyId=1324078046386455441, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Public Health, Hainan Medical University, Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Haikou, Hainan 571199, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324078046407426963, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324078043072955274, companyId=1324078046386455441, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=海南医科大学公共卫生学院热带转化医学教育部重点实验室，海南 海口 571199)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1324078048114508720, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324078043072955274, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Prevalence of hyperuricemia among the study population [n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目非高尿酸血症患者a高尿酸血症患者a合计bχ2值P值
性别218.612<0.001
男1 500(74.1)523(25.9)2 023(51.2)
女1 771(91.9)156(8.1)1 927(48.8)
年龄（岁）17.973<0.001
35~<502 235(84.4)421(15.6)2 647(67.0)
50~<60889(78.8)238(21.2)1 121(28.4)
60~74153(84.1)29(15.9)182(4.6)
BMI（kg/m2）99.623<0.001
消瘦279(88.3)37(11.7)316(8.0)
正常1 936(87.1)286(12.9)2 222(56.3)
超重/肥胖1 056(74.8)356(25.2)1 412(35.7)
文化程度11.8420.008
从未上过学104(84.6)19(15.4)123(3.1)
小学272(88.6)35(11.4)307(7.8)
初中1 021(83.9)196(16.1)1 217(30.8)
高中及以上1 874(81.4)429(18.6)2 303(58.3)
职业26.864<0.001
体力劳动1 832(84.7)331(15.3)2 163(54.8)
脑力劳动1 114(81.7)250(18.3)1 364(34.5)
其他劳动225(80.9)53(19.1)278(7.0)
退休100(69.0)45(31.0)145(3.7)
家庭人均年收入（万元）8.7240.033
<173(85.9)12(14.1)85(2.2)
1~<52 650(82.0)580(18.0)3 230(81.8)
5~10477(85.6)80(14.4)557(14.0)
>1071(91.0)7(9.0)78(2.0)
吸烟302.691<0.001
否2 552(89.3)307(10.7)2 859(72.4)
是719(65.9)372(34.1)1 091(27.6)
饮酒866.365<0.001
否2 687(93.7)182(6.3)2 869(72.6)
是584(54.0)497(46.0)1 081(27.4)
饮茶0.0370.848
否753(83.0)154(17.0)907(23.0)
是2 518(82.7)525(17.3)3 043(77.0)
吃早餐80.734<0.001
否702(73.3)256(26.7)958(24.3)
是2 569(85.9)423(14.1)2 992(75.7)
吃宵夜301.783<0.001
否3 177(85.4)543(14.6)3 720(94.2)
是94(40.9)136(59.1)230(5.8)
吃海鲜2.7910.095
否58(90.6)6(9.4)64(1.6)
是3 213(82.7)673(17.3)3 886(98.4)
婚姻状态8.1930.017
已婚3 019(82.4)647(17.6)3 666(92.8)
离婚/丧偶151(87.3)22(12.7)173(4.4)
未婚101(91.0)10(9.0)111(2.8)
睡眠质量359.278<0.001
较好1 757(93.3)127(6.7)1 884(47.7)
一般1 021(79.1)269(20.9)1 290(32.7)
较差493(63.5)283(36.5)776(19.6)
居住地区142.500<0.001
农村1 782(90.0)199(10.0)1 981(50.2)
城市1 489(75.6)480(24.4)1 969(49.8)
), ArticleFig(id=1324078048315835313, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324078043072955274, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

研究对象的高尿酸血症检出情况[n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目非高尿酸血症患者a高尿酸血症患者a合计bχ2值P值
性别218.612<0.001
男1 500(74.1)523(25.9)2 023(51.2)
女1 771(91.9)156(8.1)1 927(48.8)
年龄（岁）17.973<0.001
35~<502 235(84.4)421(15.6)2 647(67.0)
50~<60889(78.8)238(21.2)1 121(28.4)
60~74153(84.1)29(15.9)182(4.6)
BMI（kg/m2）99.623<0.001
消瘦279(88.3)37(11.7)316(8.0)
正常1 936(87.1)286(12.9)2 222(56.3)
超重/肥胖1 056(74.8)356(25.2)1 412(35.7)
文化程度11.8420.008
从未上过学104(84.6)19(15.4)123(3.1)
小学272(88.6)35(11.4)307(7.8)
初中1 021(83.9)196(16.1)1 217(30.8)
高中及以上1 874(81.4)429(18.6)2 303(58.3)
职业26.864<0.001
体力劳动1 832(84.7)331(15.3)2 163(54.8)
脑力劳动1 114(81.7)250(18.3)1 364(34.5)
其他劳动225(80.9)53(19.1)278(7.0)
退休100(69.0)45(31.0)145(3.7)
家庭人均年收入（万元）8.7240.033
<173(85.9)12(14.1)85(2.2)
1~<52 650(82.0)580(18.0)3 230(81.8)
5~10477(85.6)80(14.4)557(14.0)
>1071(91.0)7(9.0)78(2.0)
吸烟302.691<0.001
否2 552(89.3)307(10.7)2 859(72.4)
是719(65.9)372(34.1)1 091(27.6)
饮酒866.365<0.001
否2 687(93.7)182(6.3)2 869(72.6)
是584(54.0)497(46.0)1 081(27.4)
饮茶0.0370.848
否753(83.0)154(17.0)907(23.0)
是2 518(82.7)525(17.3)3 043(77.0)
吃早餐80.734<0.001
否702(73.3)256(26.7)958(24.3)
是2 569(85.9)423(14.1)2 992(75.7)
吃宵夜301.783<0.001
否3 177(85.4)543(14.6)3 720(94.2)
是94(40.9)136(59.1)230(5.8)
吃海鲜2.7910.095
否58(90.6)6(9.4)64(1.6)
是3 213(82.7)673(17.3)3 886(98.4)
婚姻状态8.1930.017
已婚3 019(82.4)647(17.6)3 666(92.8)
离婚/丧偶151(87.3)22(12.7)173(4.4)
未婚101(91.0)10(9.0)111(2.8)
睡眠质量359.278<0.001
较好1 757(93.3)127(6.7)1 884(47.7)
一般1 021(79.1)269(20.9)1 290(32.7)
较差493(63.5)283(36.5)776(19.6)
居住地区142.500<0.001
农村1 782(90.0)199(10.0)1 981(50.2)
城市1 489(75.6)480(24.4)1 969(49.8)
), ArticleFig(id=1324078048403915698, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324078043072955274, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Variable assignments

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量赋值
自变量
BMI消瘦=0，正常=1，超重/肥胖=2
文化程度未上过学=0，小学=1，初中=2，高中及以上=3
职业体力劳动=0，脑力劳动=1，其他劳动=2，退休=3
家庭人均年收入（万元）<1=1，1~<5=2，5~10=3，>10=4
吸烟否=0，是=1
饮酒否=0，是=1
吃早餐否=0，是=1
吃宵夜否=0，是=1
睡眠质量较好=0，一般=1，较差=2
居住地区农村=0，城市=1
因变量
高尿酸血症否=0，是=1
), ArticleFig(id=1324078048517161907, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324078043072955274, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

变量赋值情况

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量赋值
自变量
BMI消瘦=0，正常=1，超重/肥胖=2
文化程度未上过学=0，小学=1，初中=2，高中及以上=3
职业体力劳动=0，脑力劳动=1，其他劳动=2，退休=3
家庭人均年收入（万元）<1=1，1~<5=2，5~10=3，>10=4
吸烟否=0，是=1
饮酒否=0，是=1
吃早餐否=0，是=1
吃宵夜否=0，是=1
睡眠质量较好=0，一般=1，较差=2
居住地区农村=0，城市=1
因变量
高尿酸血症否=0，是=1
), ArticleFig(id=1324078048592659380, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324078043072955274, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Multivariate logistic regression analysis of factors influencing hyperuricemia

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
影响因素β Wald值OR值（95%CI）P值
BMI(ref:消瘦)
正常0.3610.2591.9491.435(0.864~2.382)0.163
超重/肥胖2.6740.33264.97114.496(7.566~27.773)<0.001
文化程度(ref:从未上过学)
小学-0.4720.4311.2010.624(0.268~1.451)0.273
初中-1.2790.38810.8680.278(0.130~0.595)0.001
高中及以上-1.0060.3787.0880.366(0.174~0.767)0.008
职业(ref:体力劳动)
脑力劳动-1.3080.23929.8760.270(0.169~0.432)<0.001
其他劳动-0.9650.3109.7070.381(0.208~0.699)0.002
退休0.7810.3205.9442.184(1.166~4.091)0.015
家庭人均年收入（万元）(ref:<1)
1~<50.5370.4171.6591.710(0.756~3.868)0.198
5~10-0.1270.4420.0830.880(0.370~2.096)0.774
>10-0.3050.6270.2370.737(0.216~2.519)0.627
吸烟(ref:否)
是0.8330.11948.6392.300(1.820~2.906)<0.001
饮酒(ref:否)
是2.4050.122386.55311.073(8.713~14.073)<0.001
吃早餐(ref:否)
是-0.8080.13237.7440.446(0.344~0.577)<0.001
吃宵夜(ref:否)
是2.0320.202101.2327.628(5.135~11.333)<0.001
睡眠质量(ref:较好)
一般1.5950.16297.0534.928(3.588~6.768)<0.001
较差2.6530.171239.65714.194(10.145~19.859)<0.001
居住地区(ref:农村)
城市0.9270.12753.6272.526(1.971~3.237)<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1324078048697516981, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324078043072955274, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

影响高尿酸血症的多因素logistic分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
影响因素β Wald值OR值（95%CI）P值
BMI(ref:消瘦)
正常0.3610.2591.9491.435(0.864~2.382)0.163
超重/肥胖2.6740.33264.97114.496(7.566~27.773)<0.001
文化程度(ref:从未上过学)
小学-0.4720.4311.2010.624(0.268~1.451)0.273
初中-1.2790.38810.8680.278(0.130~0.595)0.001
高中及以上-1.0060.3787.0880.366(0.174~0.767)0.008
职业(ref:体力劳动)
脑力劳动-1.3080.23929.8760.270(0.169~0.432)<0.001
其他劳动-0.9650.3109.7070.381(0.208~0.699)0.002
退休0.7810.3205.9442.184(1.166~4.091)0.015
家庭人均年收入（万元）(ref:<1)
1~<50.5370.4171.6591.710(0.756~3.868)0.198
5~10-0.1270.4420.0830.880(0.370~2.096)0.774
>10-0.3050.6270.2370.737(0.216~2.519)0.627
吸烟(ref:否)
是0.8330.11948.6392.300(1.820~2.906)<0.001
饮酒(ref:否)
是2.4050.122386.55311.073(8.713~14.073)<0.001
吃早餐(ref:否)
是-0.8080.13237.7440.446(0.344~0.577)<0.001
吃宵夜(ref:否)
是2.0320.202101.2327.628(5.135~11.333)<0.001
睡眠质量(ref:较好)
一般1.5950.16297.0534.928(3.588~6.768)<0.001
较差2.6530.171239.65714.194(10.145~19.859)<0.001
居住地区(ref:农村)
城市0.9270.12753.6272.526(1.971~3.237)<0.001
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海南省35~74岁居民高尿酸血症患病情况及影响因素分析
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张艺玺 , 韩苗林 , 郭世龙 , 张帆
现代预防医学 | 流行病与统计方法 2026,53(4): 582-586
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现代预防医学 |流行病与统计方法 2026 , 53 (4) : 582 -586
海南省35~74岁居民高尿酸血症患病情况及影响因素分析
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张艺玺, 韩苗林, 郭世龙, 张帆
作者信息
  • 海南医科大学公共卫生学院热带转化医学教育部重点实验室，海南 海口 571199
通讯作者:
张帆，E-mail:
作者简介:

张艺玺（2000—），男，硕士在读，研究方向：营养与健康

Prevalence of hyperuricemia and its influencing factors among residents aged 35-74 years, Hainan
Yi-xi ZHANG, Miao-lin HAN, Shi-long GUO, Fan ZHANG
Affiliations
  • School of Public Health, Hainan Medical University, Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Haikou, Hainan 571199, China
出版时间: 2026-02-25 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202510199
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摘要
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目的

了解海南省35~74岁居民高尿酸血症患病率及其相关危险因素，为高尿酸血症预防控制措施的制定提供科学依据。

方法

从2017—2021年海南地区自然人群慢性病前瞻性队列中选取符合条件的3 950名调查对象，应用二元logistic回归分析模型分析探讨高尿酸血症的相关危险因素。

结果

本研究共纳入研究对象3 950人，高尿酸血症患病率为17.2%（679/3 950）。多因素logistic回归分析模型分析结果显示，超重/肥胖（相对于消瘦，OR=14.496, 95% CI: 7.566~27.773）、退休（相对于体力劳动，OR=2.184, 95% CI: 1.166~4.091）、吸烟（OR=2.300, 95% CI: 1.820~2.906）、饮酒（OR=11.073, 95% CI: 8.713~14.073）、吃宵夜（OR=7.628, 95% CI: 5.135~11.333），睡眠质量一般（相对于睡眠质量较好，OR=4.928, 95% CI: 3.588~6.768）和睡眠质量较差（OR=14.194, 95% CI: 10.145~19.859）、居住在城市（相对于居住在农村，OR=2.526, 95% CI: 1.971~3.237），是HUA的主要危险因素；初中（相对于未上过学，OR=0.278, 95% CI: 0.130~0.595）和高中及以上（OR=0.366, 95% CI: 0.174~0.767）、脑力劳动（相对于体力劳动，OR=0.270, 95% CI: 0.169~0.432）和其他劳动（OR=0.381, 95% CI: 0.208~0.699）、吃早餐（OR=0.446, 95% CI: 0.344~0.577）是HUA的保护因素。

结论

海南省35~74岁中老年人群HUA患病率处于较高水平，应注意针对超重/肥胖、退休、睡眠质量较差和具有吸烟、饮酒、吃宵夜不良健康行为等重点人群开展有针对性的健康教育与干预，以降低HUA的发生风险。

海南省  /  高尿酸血症  /  危险因素  /  横断面研究
Objective

To investigate the prevalence of hyperuricemia and its associated risk factors among residents aged 35-74 years in Hainan Province, and to provide scientific evidence for the development of prevention and control strategies for hyperuricemia.

Methods

A total of 3 950 eligible participants were selected from the prospective chronic disease cohort of the general population in Hainan from 2017 to 2021. Binary logistic regression models were used to identify risk factors associated with hyperuricemia.

Results

A total of 3 950 participants were included in this study, and the prevalence of hyperuricemia (HUA) was 17.2% (679/3 950). Results from the multivariable logistic regression model showed that overweight/obesity (compared with underweight, OR=14.496, 95% CI:7.566-27.773), retirement (compared with manual labor, OR=2.184, 95% CI:1.166-4.091), smoking (OR=2.300, 95% CI:1.820-2.906), alcohol consumption (OR=11.073, 95% CI:8.713-14.073), eating late-night snacks (OR=7.628, 95% CI:5.135-11.333), fair sleep quality (compared with good sleep quality, OR=4.928, 95% CI:3.588-6.768), poor sleep quality (OR=14.194, 95% CI:10.145-19.859), and living in urban areas (compared with rural areas, OR=2.526, 95% CI:1.971-3.237) were major risk factors for HUA. In contrast, having completed junior high school (compared with no formal education, OR=0.278, 95% CI:0.130-0.595) or high school and above (OR=0.366, 95% CI:0.174-0.767), engaging in mental labor (compared with manual labor, OR=0.270, 95% CI:0.169-0.432) or other types of labor (OR=0.381, 95% CI:0.208-0.699), and eating breakfast (OR=0.446, 95% CI:0.344-0.577) were protective factors against HUA.

Conclusion

The prevalence of hyperuricemia (HUA) among middle-aged and older adults aged 35-74 years in Hainan Province is relatively high. Targeted health education and interventions should be prioritized for key populations, including those who are overweight/obese, retired, havingpoor sleep quality, or engagingin unhealthy behaviors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, and late-night eating, in order to reduce the risk of HUA.

Hainan Province  /  Hyperuricemia  /  Risk factors  /  Cross-sectional study
张艺玺, 韩苗林, 郭世龙, 张帆. 海南省35~74岁居民高尿酸血症患病情况及影响因素分析. 现代预防医学, 2026 , 53 (4) : 582 -586 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202510199
Yi-xi ZHANG, Miao-lin HAN, Shi-long GUO, Fan ZHANG. Prevalence of hyperuricemia and its influencing factors among residents aged 35-74 years, Hainan[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2026 , 53 (4) : 582 -586 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202510199
正文
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高尿酸血症（Hyperuricemia，HUA）是由尿酸过量产生或肾尿酸排泄减少或两者共存引起的代谢性疾病[1]，HUA不仅是痛风的前提条件，还与心血管疾病、糖尿病及慢性肾脏疾病等多种慢性病的发生密切相关，已成为重要的公共卫生问题[2]。富含嘌呤的食物摄入，如海鲜、红肉、家禽及豆类，被证实与HUA风险正相关[3]。
近年来，高尿酸血症患病率在全球及我国均呈上升趋势[4]。我国多地调查显示，HUA的患病水平不断升高，并在不同地区存在显著差异，这可能与饮食结构、生活习惯及环境因素有关[5]。海南地处热带，居民膳食中海鲜、肉类及酒精摄入比例较高，加之常年高温可能影响代谢，使得该地区人群的HUA风险具有一定特殊性[6-7]。然而，目前针对海南省人群HUA的流行特征及其危险因素研究仍然有限。基于此，本研究利用海南省地区自然人群慢性病前瞻性队列调查数据，分析HUA的患病现状及影响因素，为该地区的防控和健康干预提供科学依据。
1　对象与方法
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1.1　对象
本研究数据来源于“海南自然人群慢性病前瞻性队列研究”（简称海南队列）[8-10]。海南省自然人群队列于2017年6月至2021年6月建立，采用多阶段整群抽样方法，根据地理分布选取海口市、三亚市、琼海市、东方市和琼中县为调查点，在每个调查点按照东、南、西、北、中五个方位各随机抽取1个社区，共计25个社区，社区内所有35~74岁的常住居民为研究对象。纳入标准：（1）籍贯海南，在海南省居住5年以上；（2）年龄为35~74岁；（3）无严重肢体残疾或精神疾病，能正常交流并自愿签署知情同意书。排除标准：（1）入组前患有影响血尿酸水平的疾病或病史者，包括肾功能异常、痛风、高血压、高血脂、高血糖等慢性疾病；（2）具有高尿酸血症家族史者；（3）近期使用可能影响尿酸代谢的药物者，包括利尿剂（如噻嗪类、袢利尿剂）、免疫抑制剂（如环孢素）、化疗药物以及降尿酸药物（如别嘌醇、非布司他）等；（4）妊娠或哺乳期女性。该研究项目已获得海南医学院伦理委员会的正式审查和批准（伦理审批号：HYLL-2017-004）。
1.2　方法
本研究对所有纳入对象进行体检及问卷调查。调查内容包括人口学基本特征（性别、年龄、民族、职业、文化程度、居住地区等）、生活方式（吸烟、饮酒、服用药物、睡眠满意度等）及血清尿酸（SUA）[8-10]。
1.3　诊断标准和指标定义
（1）高尿酸血症：采用2020年版本美国风湿病学会的痛风管理指南[11]，SUA水平男性>420 μmol/L、女性>360 μmol/L判断为高尿酸血症。（2）体质指数（BMI）：分为消瘦（BMI<18.5 kg/m2）、正常（18.5 kg/m2≤BMI<24.0 kg/m2）、超重（24.0 kg/m2≤BMI<28.0 kg/m2）和肥胖（BMI≥28.0 kg/m2）[12]。（3）吸烟：累计或连续吸烟时间≥6个月且调查时仍在吸烟，不吸烟：从不吸烟，或曾经吸烟但已经连续6个月不再吸烟。（4）饮酒：每周饮酒至少1次；不饮酒：从不饮酒，或曾经饮酒但调查时1年内不饮酒，或过去1年内平均每周喝酒不足1次[8]。（5）吃早餐：每周至少吃4次早餐；不吃早餐：每周吃早餐等于或少于3次。（6）吃宵夜：每周至少吃4次宵夜；不吃宵夜：每周吃宵夜等于或少于3次[13]。
1.4　统计学分析
采用Excel 2016进行数据清理，利用SPSS 26.0统计学软件进行数据分析。计数资料采用χ2检验，对正态分布或近似正态分布的计量资料以表示，采用t检验，应用多因素logistic回归模型进行危险因素分析，检验水准α=0.05。
2　结果
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2.1　研究对象基本情况
本研究共纳入3 950名调查对象，其中男性2 023人，女性1 927人，平均年龄（46.76±7.43）岁，SUA水平平均为（323.43±90.11）μmol/L。高尿酸血症的总患病率为17.2%（679/3 950），标化患病率为17.2%。男性患病率为25.9%，高于女性的8.1%。在不同年龄组中，50~<60岁的患病率（21.2%）高于60~74岁（15.9%）和35~<50岁（15.6%）。不同性别、年龄、BMI、文化程度、职业、家庭人均年收入、吸烟、饮酒、吃早餐、吃宵夜、婚姻情况、睡眠质量、居住地区的研究对象高尿酸血症患病率差异均有统计学意义（P值均<0.05）。详见表1。
2.2　影响高尿酸血症的多因素分析
以是否患HUA为因变量，以性别、年龄、BMI、文化程度、职业、家庭人均年收入、吸烟、饮酒、吃早餐、吃宵夜、婚姻情况、睡眠质量、居住地区等为自变量构建多因素logistic回归模型。变量赋值见表2。结果显示，超重/肥胖、退休、吸烟、饮酒、吃宵夜、睡眠质量一般和较差、居住在城市是HUA的危险因素，而文化程度是初中和高中及以上、从事脑力劳动和其他劳动、吃早餐是HUA的保护因素。详见表3。
3　讨论
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结果显示，海南省35~74岁居民高尿酸血症标化患病率为17.2%，患病率低于2017—2020年海口市的研究[14]，可能因为海口市的研究纳入调查对象仅来自于海口市某三甲医院体检中心，样本选择的范围较小，代表性有限，而本研究的调查对象来自分布在海南省各地的自然人群，更有代表性。但本研究的高尿酸血症患病率高于胡浩杰等[15]2015年对中国15省份18~59岁8 217名成年居民的调查结果（9.8%）。一方面，由于本研究的调查对象是35~74岁的中老年人，年龄越大高尿酸血症患病率越高[16]；另一方面，本研究的调查对象主要为海南省的成年居民，由于该地区的膳食结构与国内其他省份存在一定差异，例如居民常食用动物内脏、海鲜等高嘌呤食物，可能导致体内尿酸生成增多[17]。但本研究发现男性患病率高于女性（25.9% vs 8.1%），与胡浩杰等研究结果一致（男性为15.1%，女性为5.8%），其可能的原因是雌激素可下调肾脏近端小管尿酸重吸收相关转运体（如URAT1、GLUT9），并上调肠—肾排泄转运通道（如ABCG2），从而增强女性在不同生理阶段的尿酸排泄能力；相较之下，男性缺乏这一激素相关的排泄优势，更易出现血尿酸水平升高[18]。
调查结果显示，超重或肥胖为HUA的危险因素，在超重或肥胖的状态下，脂肪细胞可释放大量脂肪因子，如肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）及瘦素等，这些物质会干扰胰岛素信号通路，引发胰岛素抵抗。过量的胰岛素可激活尿酸转运体，促进尿酸的重吸收并减少其肾脏排泄，同时还会增强肝脏脂肪合成，导致嘌呤代谢失衡，从而提高HUA的发生风险[19-20]。睡眠质量差是高尿酸血症的危险因素，这一结论与张思敏[21]的研究结果一致,其原因是睡眠质量差可能引起体内炎症反应的增强，减少组织对尿酸的利用效率，并促进尿酸的生成，最终导致体内尿酸水平上升[22]。吸烟、饮酒是高尿酸血症的危险因素，有这些行为的人患高尿酸血症的风险为没有这些行为的人的2.300倍，11.073倍。研究结论与许佳佳[23]的结论相同，吸烟、喝酒会导致高尿酸血症的发生，可引起体内嘌呤代谢紊乱导致患高尿酸血症的风险增加[23]。吸烟会使体内自由基水平升高，从而加剧氧化应激反应，进而影响尿酸的代谢过程，导致血尿酸升高[24]。过量饮酒不仅促进尿酸的生成，还会抑制其排泄，因酒精代谢产物乙醇可抑制尿酸的排出并加速嘌呤分解[25]。吃夜宵是HUA的一个危险因素，在夜宵中摄入过多的卡路里会导致代谢废物的过量产生。此外，与白天相比，夜间尿量大幅减少，导致大部分尿酸在体内保留和积累，从而导致潜在的高水平SUA[26]。
吃早餐是HUA的保护因素，经常吃早餐是一种提倡的健康生活方式。这不仅有利于能量代谢和营养吸收，而且减少了午餐时高蛋白和高热量摄入的机会。不吃早餐的人往往在午餐中摄入大量富含蛋白质和嘌呤的食物，从而加速HUA的发生[27]。
本研究存在一定局限性，采用横断面研究设计，无法明确高尿酸血症与各影响因素之间的因果关系。因此，仍需对该人群开展进一步的随访研究，以更深入地探索并验证高尿酸血症的相关影响因素。且本研究数据来源于大型队列调查，问卷内容较多，故未在膳食问卷中对与嘌呤和尿酸代谢相关的食物类别进行细分，如含糖饮料、动物内脏、菌菇类等。后续研究及随访中应适当扩展问卷内容，以进一步深入探讨相关饮食因素的作用。
综上，海南省35~74岁居民高尿酸血症患病率处于较高水平，应将高龄老年居民作为HUA防控的重要关注对象，尤其是超重或肥胖、睡眠质量较差，以及具有吸烟、饮酒等不良生活方式的个体。这部分人群不仅应纳入重点筛查范围，还需接受针对性的健康教育干预。除HUA相关知识外，仍应加强其在体重管理、睡眠改善及膳食结构调整等方面的健康指导，以期有效降低HUA的发生风险或延缓疾病进程，从而改善其总体健康水平与生活质量。
基金
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  • 国家重点研发计划(2017YFC0907104)
  • 国家自然科学基金(81860577)
  • 2023年海南省研究生创新科研课题(Qhys2023-499)
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2026年第53卷第4期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202510199
  • 接收时间：2025-10-17
  • 首发时间：2026-11-02
  • 出版时间：2026-02-25
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  • 收稿日期：2025-10-17
基金
国家重点研发计划(2017YFC0907104)
国家自然科学基金(81860577)
2023年海南省研究生创新科研课题(Qhys2023-499)
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    海南医科大学公共卫生学院热带转化医学教育部重点实验室，海南 海口 571199

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
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Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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