Article(id=1324077808972079380, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1324077716676424398, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202509505, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1759075200000, receivedDateStr=2025-09-29, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793614349835, onlineDateStr=2026-11-02, pubDate=1773072000000, pubDateStr=2026-03-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793614349835, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-11-02, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793614349835, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793614349835, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1324077716676424398, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2026', volume='53', issue='5', pageStart='769', pageEnd='960', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1773072000000', pubDateStr='2026-03-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1793614327830, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793614418028, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1324078095132655884, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1324077716676424398, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1324078095132655885, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1324077716676424398, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=821, endPage=827, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1324077810574303510, articleId=1324077808972079380, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Pollution characteristics of PFASs in shrimp aquatic products sold in Tianjin, columnId=1228016572783063333, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Nutrition and Food Hygiene, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To determine the concentrations of 24 per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PAFs) in marine and freshwater shrimp sold in Tianjin and to characterize their pollution profiles.

Methods

The concentrations of PFASs in the samples was determined by UPLC-MS/MS. Descriptive statistics were applied, and non-parametric tests were used to compare concentrations.

Results

A total of 67 samples of marine shrimp and 105 samples of freshwater shrimp were tested. A total of 14 kinds of PFASs were detected in marine shrimp, and the ∑PFASs concentration ranged from 0.160 to 43.4 μg/kg. The overall detection rate of PFASs pollutants was 100%. 17 kinds of PFASs were detected in freshwater shrimp, and the ∑PFASs concentration ranged from 0.135 to 27.9 μg/kg. The overall detection rate of PFASs pollutants was 99%. The main detected components in the two types of shrimp aquatic products were all long-chain PFASs. The number of PFASs detected in a single sample of marine shrimp ranged from 1 to 11, while that in a single sample of freshwater shrimp ranged from 0 to 13. Among them, PFOS, PFOA and PFNA were the main pollutant components, while 6:2Cl-PFESA and 8:2Cl-PFESA were both detected to a certain extent. Through comparison, it was found that the pollution of river shrimp among freshwater shrimp was relatively serious.

Conclusion

There is a certain degree of PFASs pollution in the shrimp aquatic products sold in Tianjin. In-depth research, attention and strengthened management should be carried out.

, authors=Chen WANG, Ya-ming DANG, Wei ZHANG, Guang LV, authorsList=Chen WANG, Ya-ming DANG, Wei ZHANG, Guang LV, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1324077812088447259, articleId=1324077808972079380, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=CN, title=天津市售虾类水产品中全氟和多氟烷基化合物的污染特征研究, columnId=1228016573034721597, journalTitle=现代预防医学, columnName=营养与食品卫生, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

测定天津市售海水虾及淡水虾中24种全氟和多氟烷基化合物(per- and palyfluoroalkyl substances,PFASs)的含量水平,进行污染特征研究。

方法

利用超高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定样品中PFASs的含量,进行统计学描述并运用非参数检验进行含量比较。

结果

共完成67份海水虾、105份淡水虾的检测。海水虾样品中共有14种PFASs检出,∑PFASs检出浓度范围为0.160~43.4 μg/kg,整体PFASs类污染物检出率为100%;淡水虾样品中共检出17种PFASs,∑PFASs检出浓度范围为0.135~27.9 μg/kg,整体PFASs类污染物检出率为99%。两种虾类水产品的主要检出组分均为长链PFASs,单份海水虾中检出PFASs的种类为1~11种,单份淡水虾中检出PFASs的种类为0~13种,其中全氟辛烷磺酸、全氟辛酸和全氟壬酸为主要污染成分,6:2Cl-PFESA、8:2Cl-PFESA均有一定检出。经过比较发现淡水虾中的河虾污染较为严重。

结论

天津市售虾类水产品中存在一定程度PFASs污染,应深入研究、引起重视并加强管理。

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王辰(1989—),女,本科,主管技师,研究方向:食品安全检测、评估工作

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Environment International, 2024, 189:108685., articleTitle=Levels and spatial profile of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in edible shrimp products from Japan and neighboring countries; a potential source of dietary exposure to humans, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1324077819004854599, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077808972079380, awardId=TJWJ2023QN093, language=CN, fundingSource=天津市卫生健康科技项目(TJWJ2023QN093), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1324077819092934984, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077808972079380, awardId=TJYXZDXK-3-034C, language=CN, fundingSource=天津市医学重点学科建设资助(TJYXZDXK-3-034C), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1324077812440768796, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077808972079380, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324077812444963101, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077808972079380, companyId=1324077812440768796, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Department of Food Physical and Chemical Testing, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention; NHC Specialty Laboratory for Food Safety Risk Assessment and Standard Development, Tianjin 300011, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324077812465934622, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077808972079380, companyId=1324077812440768796, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=天津市疾病预防控制中心食品理化科,国家卫生健康委员会食品安全风险评估与标准研制特色实验室,天津 300011)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1324077816169505081, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077808972079380, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Types of PFASs detected in marine shrimp and freshwater shrimp, figureFileSmall=pK7HmZIuGuY7AUe9gIatuA==, figureFileBig=pYReXQLby5YDieMVaGcTQQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324077816245002554, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077808972079380, language=CN, label=图1, caption=海水虾及淡水虾中检出PFASs种类, figureFileSmall=pK7HmZIuGuY7AUe9gIatuA==, figureFileBig=pYReXQLby5YDieMVaGcTQQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324077816521826619, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077808972079380, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=PFASs detection results in three categories of freshwater shrimp, figureFileSmall=22st8mWGZvLXQONrbe73Sg==, figureFileBig=5tGq1kNA4zf+Gj3BoPlWkA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324077816605712700, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077808972079380, language=CN, label=图2, caption=三类淡水虾中PFASs检测结果, figureFileSmall=22st8mWGZvLXQONrbe73Sg==, figureFileBig=5tGq1kNA4zf+Gj3BoPlWkA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324077816689598781, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077808972079380, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Concentrations of PFASs in 67 samples of marine shrimp from Tianjin

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号污染物种类最小值(μg/kg)最大值(μg/kg)中位数(μg/kg)均值(μg/kg)检出数(份)检出率(%)
1PFBA0.01039.20.0101.21811.9
2PFPeA0.0100.0100.0100.01000.0
3PFHxA0.0050.0050.0050.00500.0
4PFHpA0.0050.0050.0050.00500.0
5PFOA0.0052.440.028 80.2334262.7
6PFNA0.0051.860.0050.1562740.3
7PFDA0.0050.8460.071 50.2965582.1
8PFUdA0.0051.940.6950.6386698.5
9PFDoA0.0050.7850.1320.2905480.6
10PFTrDA0.0054.380.6550.8526495.5
11PFTeDA0.0050.5230.1070.1195582.1
12PFHxDA0.0050.030 50.0050.005 5923.0
13PFOdA0.0050.0050.0050.00500.0
14PFBS0.0050.0050.0050.00500.0
15PFHxS0.0050.4580.0050.018 246.0
16PFOS0.0053.240.2550.3876089.6
17PFDS0.0050.0050.0050.00500.0
18PFPeS0.0050.0050.0050.00500.0
19PFHpS0.0050.4510.0050.011 711.5
20PFNS0.0050.0050.0050.00500.0
21HFPO-DA0.0100.0100.0100.01000.0
22NaDONA0.0050.0050.0050.00500.0
236:2Cl-PFESA0.0051.520.0050.049 123.0
248:2Cl-PFESA0.0050.3570.0050.025 046.0
25∑PFASs0.16043.42.504.3567100
), ArticleFig(id=1324077816794456382, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077808972079380, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

天津市67份海水虾中PFASs的含量

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号污染物种类最小值(μg/kg)最大值(μg/kg)中位数(μg/kg)均值(μg/kg)检出数(份)检出率(%)
1PFBA0.01039.20.0101.21811.9
2PFPeA0.0100.0100.0100.01000.0
3PFHxA0.0050.0050.0050.00500.0
4PFHpA0.0050.0050.0050.00500.0
5PFOA0.0052.440.028 80.2334262.7
6PFNA0.0051.860.0050.1562740.3
7PFDA0.0050.8460.071 50.2965582.1
8PFUdA0.0051.940.6950.6386698.5
9PFDoA0.0050.7850.1320.2905480.6
10PFTrDA0.0054.380.6550.8526495.5
11PFTeDA0.0050.5230.1070.1195582.1
12PFHxDA0.0050.030 50.0050.005 5923.0
13PFOdA0.0050.0050.0050.00500.0
14PFBS0.0050.0050.0050.00500.0
15PFHxS0.0050.4580.0050.018 246.0
16PFOS0.0053.240.2550.3876089.6
17PFDS0.0050.0050.0050.00500.0
18PFPeS0.0050.0050.0050.00500.0
19PFHpS0.0050.4510.0050.011 711.5
20PFNS0.0050.0050.0050.00500.0
21HFPO-DA0.0100.0100.0100.01000.0
22NaDONA0.0050.0050.0050.00500.0
236:2Cl-PFESA0.0051.520.0050.049 123.0
248:2Cl-PFESA0.0050.3570.0050.025 046.0
25∑PFASs0.16043.42.504.3567100
), ArticleFig(id=1324077816882536767, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077808972079380, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Concentrations of PFASs in 105 samples of freshwater shrimp from Tianjin

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号污染物种类最小值(μg/kg)最大值(μg/kg)中位数(μg/kg)均值(μg/kg)检出数(份)检出率(%)
1PFBA0.0103.030.0100.098 92019.0
2PFPeA0.0100.0100.0100.01000.0
3PFHxA0.0050.3070.0050.007 8811.0
4PFHpA0.0050.0050.0050.00500.0
5PFOA0.0053.800.023 60.2705552.4
6PFNA0.0051.780.1290.2377369.5
7PFDA0.0052.180.1130.3059388.6
8PFUdA0.0051.770.4030.45610297.1
9PFDoA0.0051.520.1040.1619691.4
10PFTrDA0.0052.290.6460.74210297.1
11PFTeDA0.0050.5260.044 90.059 98278.1
12PFHxDA0.0050.0050.0050.00500.0
13PFOdA0.0050.0050.0050.00500.0
14PFBS0.0050.2460.0050.008 2521.9
15PFHxS0.0050.4540.0050.030 81312.4
16PFOS0.00519.80.1401.099590.5
17PFDS0.0050.028 00.0050.005 6543.8
18PFPeS0.0050.039 80.0050.005 3311.0
19PFHpS0.0050.088 10.0050.009 1576.7
20PFNS0.0050.0050.0050.00500.0
21HFPO-DA0.0100.0100.0100.01000.0
22NaDONA0.0050.0050.0050.00500.0
236:2Cl-PFESA0.0052.850.0050.097 61211.4
248:2Cl-PFESA0.0050.7560.0050.038 51312.4
25∑PFASs0.13527.92.103.6710499.0
), ArticleFig(id=1324077817008365888, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077808972079380, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

天津市105份淡水虾中PFASs的含量

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号污染物种类最小值(μg/kg)最大值(μg/kg)中位数(μg/kg)均值(μg/kg)检出数(份)检出率(%)
1PFBA0.0103.030.0100.098 92019.0
2PFPeA0.0100.0100.0100.01000.0
3PFHxA0.0050.3070.0050.007 8811.0
4PFHpA0.0050.0050.0050.00500.0
5PFOA0.0053.800.023 60.2705552.4
6PFNA0.0051.780.1290.2377369.5
7PFDA0.0052.180.1130.3059388.6
8PFUdA0.0051.770.4030.45610297.1
9PFDoA0.0051.520.1040.1619691.4
10PFTrDA0.0052.290.6460.74210297.1
11PFTeDA0.0050.5260.044 90.059 98278.1
12PFHxDA0.0050.0050.0050.00500.0
13PFOdA0.0050.0050.0050.00500.0
14PFBS0.0050.2460.0050.008 2521.9
15PFHxS0.0050.4540.0050.030 81312.4
16PFOS0.00519.80.1401.099590.5
17PFDS0.0050.028 00.0050.005 6543.8
18PFPeS0.0050.039 80.0050.005 3311.0
19PFHpS0.0050.088 10.0050.009 1576.7
20PFNS0.0050.0050.0050.00500.0
21HFPO-DA0.0100.0100.0100.01000.0
22NaDONA0.0050.0050.0050.00500.0
236:2Cl-PFESA0.0052.850.0050.097 61211.4
248:2Cl-PFESA0.0050.7560.0050.038 51312.4
25∑PFASs0.13527.92.103.6710499.0
), ArticleFig(id=1324077817134195009, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077808972079380, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Comparison of PFASs concentrations between marine shrimp and freshwater shrimp [M(P25,P75),μg/kg]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
污染物种类淡水虾海虾Z值P值
PFBA0.010(0.010~0.010)0.010(0.010~0.010)-1.1240.261
PFPeA0.010(0.010~0.010)0.010(0.010~0.010)01.000
PFHxA0.005(0.005~0.005)0.005(0.005~0.005)-0.7990.424
PFHpA0.005(0.005~0.005)0.005(0.005~0.005)01.000
PFOA0.023 6(0.005~0.237)0.028 8(0.005~0.427)-0.7950.427
PFNA0.129(0.005~0.284)0.005(0.005~0.259)-2.9150.004
PFDA0.113(0.053 5~0.277)0.071 5(0.028 9~0.690)-0.8160.415
PFUdA0.403(0.235~0.623)0.695(0.256~0.898)-3.2640.001
PFDoA0.104(0.062 1~0.180)0.132(0.018 7~0.660)-0.8270.408
PFTrDA0.646(0.333~1.00)0.655(0.262~1.24)-0.1440.885
PFTeDA0.044 9(0.011 7~0.076 7)0.107(0.017 1~0.200)-3.710<0.001
PFHxDA0.005(0.005~0.005)0.005(0.005~0.005)-1.7760.076
PFOdA0.005(0.005~0.005)0.005(0.005~0.005)01.000
PFBS0.005(0.005~0.005)0.005(0.005~0.005)-1.1330.257
PFHxS0.005(0.005~0.005)0.005(0.005~0.005)-1.3980.162
PFOS0.140(0.050 5~0.338)0.255(0.087 7~0.498)-1.4660.143
PFDS0.005(0.005~0.005)0.005(0.005~0.005)-1.6120.107
PFPeS0.005(0.005~0.005)0.005(0.005~0.005)-0.7990.424
PFHpS0.005(0.005~0.005)0.005(0.005~0.005)-1.5360.125
PFNS0.005(0.005~0.005)0.005(0.005~0.005)01.000
HFPO-DA0.010(0.010~0.010)0.010(0.010~0.010)01.000
NaDONA0.005(0.005~0.005)0.005(0.005~0.005)01.000
6:2Cl-PFESA0.005(0.005~0.005)0.005(0.005~0.005)-1.9000.057
8:2Cl-PFESA0.005(0.005~0.005)0.005(0.005~0.005)-1.3070.191
∑PFASs2.10(1.36~3.54)2.50(0.990~5.01)-0.08000.936
), ArticleFig(id=1324077817260024130, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077808972079380, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

海水虾及淡水虾中PFASs含量比较情况[M(P25,P75),μg/kg]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
污染物种类淡水虾海虾Z值P值
PFBA0.010(0.010~0.010)0.010(0.010~0.010)-1.1240.261
PFPeA0.010(0.010~0.010)0.010(0.010~0.010)01.000
PFHxA0.005(0.005~0.005)0.005(0.005~0.005)-0.7990.424
PFHpA0.005(0.005~0.005)0.005(0.005~0.005)01.000
PFOA0.023 6(0.005~0.237)0.028 8(0.005~0.427)-0.7950.427
PFNA0.129(0.005~0.284)0.005(0.005~0.259)-2.9150.004
PFDA0.113(0.053 5~0.277)0.071 5(0.028 9~0.690)-0.8160.415
PFUdA0.403(0.235~0.623)0.695(0.256~0.898)-3.2640.001
PFDoA0.104(0.062 1~0.180)0.132(0.018 7~0.660)-0.8270.408
PFTrDA0.646(0.333~1.00)0.655(0.262~1.24)-0.1440.885
PFTeDA0.044 9(0.011 7~0.076 7)0.107(0.017 1~0.200)-3.710<0.001
PFHxDA0.005(0.005~0.005)0.005(0.005~0.005)-1.7760.076
PFOdA0.005(0.005~0.005)0.005(0.005~0.005)01.000
PFBS0.005(0.005~0.005)0.005(0.005~0.005)-1.1330.257
PFHxS0.005(0.005~0.005)0.005(0.005~0.005)-1.3980.162
PFOS0.140(0.050 5~0.338)0.255(0.087 7~0.498)-1.4660.143
PFDS0.005(0.005~0.005)0.005(0.005~0.005)-1.6120.107
PFPeS0.005(0.005~0.005)0.005(0.005~0.005)-0.7990.424
PFHpS0.005(0.005~0.005)0.005(0.005~0.005)-1.5360.125
PFNS0.005(0.005~0.005)0.005(0.005~0.005)01.000
HFPO-DA0.010(0.010~0.010)0.010(0.010~0.010)01.000
NaDONA0.005(0.005~0.005)0.005(0.005~0.005)01.000
6:2Cl-PFESA0.005(0.005~0.005)0.005(0.005~0.005)-1.9000.057
8:2Cl-PFESA0.005(0.005~0.005)0.005(0.005~0.005)-1.3070.191
∑PFASs2.10(1.36~3.54)2.50(0.990~5.01)-0.08000.936
), ArticleFig(id=1324077817364881731, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077808972079380, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Overall comparison of PFASs concentrations in three categories of freshwater shrimp [M(P25,P75),μg/kg]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
污染物种类河虾罗氏虾小龙虾H值P值
PFNA0.172(0.005~0.535)0.153(0.094 1~0.246)0.176(0.097 8~0.256)0.7260.695
PFTrDA0.608(0.316~1.14)0.600(0.448~0.746)0.600(0.267~0.885)0.5510.759
PFOA0.054 5(0.005~0.354)0.005(0.005~0.005)0.204(0.078 9~0.403)32.526<0.001
PFDA0.172(0.062 1~0.914)0.173(0.124~0.276)0.079 3(0.050 7~0.132)10.2050.006
PFUdA0.563(0.335~0.790)0.302(0.201~0.409)0.385(0.226~0.607)8.5870.014
PFDoA0.153(0.077 6~0.256)0.072 8(0.048 7~0.096 7)0.123(0.069 6~0.199)10.3850.006
PFTeDA0.067 1(0.035 2~0.123)0.005(0.005~0.023 7)0.027 7(0.012 1~0.062 6)26.466<0.001
PFOS0.288(0.127~4.23)0.173(0.151~0.259)0.035 5(0.005~0.065 7)35.207<0.001
∑PFASs3.42(1.87~9.87)1.54(1.25~2.44)2.03(1.22~2.67)13.6400.001
), ArticleFig(id=1324077817461350724, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077808972079380, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

三类淡水虾中PFASs含量总体比较情况[M(P25,P75),μg/kg]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
污染物种类河虾罗氏虾小龙虾H值P值
PFNA0.172(0.005~0.535)0.153(0.094 1~0.246)0.176(0.097 8~0.256)0.7260.695
PFTrDA0.608(0.316~1.14)0.600(0.448~0.746)0.600(0.267~0.885)0.5510.759
PFOA0.054 5(0.005~0.354)0.005(0.005~0.005)0.204(0.078 9~0.403)32.526<0.001
PFDA0.172(0.062 1~0.914)0.173(0.124~0.276)0.079 3(0.050 7~0.132)10.2050.006
PFUdA0.563(0.335~0.790)0.302(0.201~0.409)0.385(0.226~0.607)8.5870.014
PFDoA0.153(0.077 6~0.256)0.072 8(0.048 7~0.096 7)0.123(0.069 6~0.199)10.3850.006
PFTeDA0.067 1(0.035 2~0.123)0.005(0.005~0.023 7)0.027 7(0.012 1~0.062 6)26.466<0.001
PFOS0.288(0.127~4.23)0.173(0.151~0.259)0.035 5(0.005~0.065 7)35.207<0.001
∑PFASs3.42(1.87~9.87)1.54(1.25~2.44)2.03(1.22~2.67)13.6400.001
), ArticleFig(id=1324077817549431109, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077808972079380, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Pairwise comparison of PFASs concentrations in three categories of freshwater shrimp

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
污染物种类罗氏虾-河虾罗氏虾-小龙虾河虾-小龙虾
Q值P值Q值P值Q值P值
PFNA——————
PFTrDA——————
PFOA3.927<0.001-5.691<0.001-2.4840.039
PFDA0.5011.000-2.7440.018-2.7750.017
PFUdA2.8870.012-1.4620.431-1.4900.409
PFDoA3.1760.004-2.4550.042-0.6081.000
PFTeDA5.083<0.001-2.6490.024-2.5340.034
PFOS1.1270.779-3.7520.001-5.848<0.001
∑PFASs3.1930.004-0.6201.000-2.8630.013
), ArticleFig(id=1324077818883219782, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077808972079380, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

三类淡水虾中PFASs含量两两比较情况

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
污染物种类罗氏虾-河虾罗氏虾-小龙虾河虾-小龙虾
Q值P值Q值P值Q值P值
PFNA——————
PFTrDA——————
PFOA3.927<0.001-5.691<0.001-2.4840.039
PFDA0.5011.000-2.7440.018-2.7750.017
PFUdA2.8870.012-1.4620.431-1.4900.409
PFDoA3.1760.004-2.4550.042-0.6081.000
PFTeDA5.083<0.001-2.6490.024-2.5340.034
PFOS1.1270.779-3.7520.001-5.848<0.001
∑PFASs3.1930.004-0.6201.000-2.8630.013
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天津市售虾类水产品中全氟和多氟烷基化合物的污染特征研究
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王辰 , 党亚敏 , 张维 , 吕光
现代预防医学 | 营养与食品卫生 2026,53(5): 821-827
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现代预防医学 |营养与食品卫生 2026 , 53 (5) : 821 -827
天津市售虾类水产品中全氟和多氟烷基化合物的污染特征研究
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王辰, 党亚敏, 张维, 吕光
作者信息
  • 天津市疾病预防控制中心食品理化科,国家卫生健康委员会食品安全风险评估与标准研制特色实验室,天津 300011
作者简介:

王辰(1989—),女,本科,主管技师,研究方向:食品安全检测、评估工作

Pollution characteristics of PFASs in shrimp aquatic products sold in Tianjin
Chen WANG, Ya-ming DANG, Wei ZHANG, Guang LV
Affiliations
  • Department of Food Physical and Chemical Testing, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention; NHC Specialty Laboratory for Food Safety Risk Assessment and Standard Development, Tianjin 300011, China
出版时间: 2026-03-10 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202509505
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目的

测定天津市售海水虾及淡水虾中24种全氟和多氟烷基化合物(per- and palyfluoroalkyl substances,PFASs)的含量水平,进行污染特征研究。

方法

利用超高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定样品中PFASs的含量,进行统计学描述并运用非参数检验进行含量比较。

结果

共完成67份海水虾、105份淡水虾的检测。海水虾样品中共有14种PFASs检出,∑PFASs检出浓度范围为0.160~43.4 μg/kg,整体PFASs类污染物检出率为100%;淡水虾样品中共检出17种PFASs,∑PFASs检出浓度范围为0.135~27.9 μg/kg,整体PFASs类污染物检出率为99%。两种虾类水产品的主要检出组分均为长链PFASs,单份海水虾中检出PFASs的种类为1~11种,单份淡水虾中检出PFASs的种类为0~13种,其中全氟辛烷磺酸、全氟辛酸和全氟壬酸为主要污染成分,6:2Cl-PFESA、8:2Cl-PFESA均有一定检出。经过比较发现淡水虾中的河虾污染较为严重。

结论

天津市售虾类水产品中存在一定程度PFASs污染,应深入研究、引起重视并加强管理。

虾类水产品  /  PFASs  /  污染特征研究
Objective

To determine the concentrations of 24 per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PAFs) in marine and freshwater shrimp sold in Tianjin and to characterize their pollution profiles.

Methods

The concentrations of PFASs in the samples was determined by UPLC-MS/MS. Descriptive statistics were applied, and non-parametric tests were used to compare concentrations.

Results

A total of 67 samples of marine shrimp and 105 samples of freshwater shrimp were tested. A total of 14 kinds of PFASs were detected in marine shrimp, and the ∑PFASs concentration ranged from 0.160 to 43.4 μg/kg. The overall detection rate of PFASs pollutants was 100%. 17 kinds of PFASs were detected in freshwater shrimp, and the ∑PFASs concentration ranged from 0.135 to 27.9 μg/kg. The overall detection rate of PFASs pollutants was 99%. The main detected components in the two types of shrimp aquatic products were all long-chain PFASs. The number of PFASs detected in a single sample of marine shrimp ranged from 1 to 11, while that in a single sample of freshwater shrimp ranged from 0 to 13. Among them, PFOS, PFOA and PFNA were the main pollutant components, while 6:2Cl-PFESA and 8:2Cl-PFESA were both detected to a certain extent. Through comparison, it was found that the pollution of river shrimp among freshwater shrimp was relatively serious.

Conclusion

There is a certain degree of PFASs pollution in the shrimp aquatic products sold in Tianjin. In-depth research, attention and strengthened management should be carried out.

Shrimp aquatic products  /  PFASs  /  Pollution characteristics study
王辰, 党亚敏, 张维, 吕光. 天津市售虾类水产品中全氟和多氟烷基化合物的污染特征研究. 现代预防医学, 2026 , 53 (5) : 821 -827 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202509505
Chen WANG, Ya-ming DANG, Wei ZHANG, Guang LV. Pollution characteristics of PFASs in shrimp aquatic products sold in Tianjin[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2026 , 53 (5) : 821 -827 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202509505
全氟和多氟烷基化合物(per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances,PFASs)是一系列人工合成的化学结构为碳链上的氢部分或者全部被氟取代的有机化合物。PFASs具有优良的疏油疏水性能,卓越的热稳定性以及良好的表面活性,可在各类工业加工中起到降低表面摩擦以及使产品具有耐高温、防水、防污、防油等性能的作用,在生活中应用广泛,涵盖消费品和工业产品等领域[1-2]。
PFASs化学结构中的C-F键使得其具有非常稳定的化学性质,在环境中难降解,同时也很难被动物体代谢,可持久存在并造成蓄积,目前在全球各环境介质及各类食品中均有检出[3-8]。大量研究表明,PFASs对人体健康有多种负面作用,包括对肝脏的毒性、对血清胆固醇水平的影响、对女性生殖健康的损害、致癌性以及对儿童健康的伤害等[9-12]。全氟辛酸(PFOA)和全氟辛烷磺酸(PFOS)是两种在环境和人体中检出率最高的PFASs化合物,联合国环境规划署已将PFOS和PFOA及其相关化合物列入《斯德哥尔摩公约》禁止的持久性有机污染物名单[13]。
目前,我国多地已对市售动物源食品中PFASs的污染现状进行了研究和膳食摄入风险评估。其中,对北京市的研究指出在各类样品中水产品的PFASs检出率最高且总含量最高,水产品更易受 PFASs的污染影响[8];在湖北省某地区的研究中,研究者发现水产类食品中PFASs的浓度范围最大,均值最高[4];而广州市的研究表明不同水产品中检出的 PFASs 种类、单组分含量及特征污染组分等存在明显的样品差异性[14]。天津位于渤海湾,水产品丰富且居民喜爱食用,膳食摄入量大,但此前对天津市售虾类水产品中PFASs的污染特征研究相对较少。因此本研究旨在检测天津市售海水虾和淡水虾中24种PFASs的浓度,进行污染特征研究,为制定与实施有关管控政策提供依据并为更深入的科学研究提供支持。
超高效液相色谱串联高分辨质谱仪(AB SCIEX,QTRAP ® 5500);甲醇中23种全氟化合物混标溶液(天津阿尔塔科技有限公司,S194695,5 μg/ml);甲醇中全氟-2-丙氧基全氟丙酸标准溶液(上海安谱璀世标准技术服务有限公司,100 mg/L);13种全氟酸类内标混标(天津阿尔塔科技有限公司,S181109,2 μg/ml);色谱纯乙腈,色谱纯甲酸铵,色谱纯甲醇,优级纯氯化钠,Captiva EMR-Lipid净化柱规格为6 ml 600 mg。
色谱条件:C18色谱柱100 mm×2.1 mm;柱箱温度40℃;流动相:乙腈+2 mmol/L甲酸铵;流速:0.3 ml /min;进样量:5 μl。
质谱条件:Curtain gas:35,ion source gas1:55;ion source gas2:55,ESI-:4500V,550℃,MRM模式。
参考《2024年国家食品污染物和有害因素风险监测工作手册(上卷)》,样品采集数量需要根据食品消费情况确定,而食品的消费量与人口数量呈正比,因此根据人口数量计算梯度,对于人口数1 000万~3 000万的省(直辖市)按最小样本量45份计。天津市人口数量约为1 300万,在水产品大量上市的季节于天津市全部辖区的流通环节采样并扩大采样量,可客观反应出消费者在市面上能够买到的虾类水产品情况,样品采集具有代表性。
本研究于2023年8—10月、2024年8—10月在天津市16个辖区的农贸市场、商店随机采集海水虾样品共67份、淡水虾样品共105份。选取上述样品可食用部位切成小块,捣碎混合均匀作为试样,将上述试样装入无污染密封袋中,做好标记,于-18℃避光保存。
参照《2024年国家食品污染物和有害因素风险监测工作手册(中卷)》中食品中PFASs测定的标准操作程序,结合本实验室具体实验条件对方法进行优化。
准确称取上述试样2 g置于具塞离心管(50 ml)中,加入13种全氟酸类内标使用液(100 ng/ml)50 μl,加入纯水2 ml,涡旋,加入乙腈8 ml,振荡提取30 min。加入氯化钠1.5 g,涡旋,离心半径11.5 cm,10 000 r/min离心5 min。移取全部上层乙腈于固相萃取柱中,收集全部流出液,氮气吹干,加入甲醇1.0 ml,涡旋,转入液相小瓶。将液相小瓶放入超高效液相色谱质谱联用仪中按照上述1.2中条件进样,内标法定量,计算样品中待测物浓度。
数据录入采用WPS双人进行,数据分析使用SPSS 24.0统计软件包进行。以最小指、最大值、中位数、均值进行统计学描述并进行不同虾类水产品间污染物的含量比较,其中未检出组分浓度值以检出限的1/2参与计算。以实际检出值大于检出限为检出、小于检出限为未检出,计算不同虾类水产品中24种PFASs的检出率,完成差异性分析。
本研究测定样品中PFASs的浓度,标准曲线r均大于0.99(0.990 3~0.999 9);方法验证测定样品相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation,RSD)为3.7%~15%;加标回收率为68.0%~123%;平行样品检测值相对相差小于15%;空白样品未检出;24种PFASs中全氧丁酸(PFBA)、全氟戊酸(PFPeA)、六氟环氧丙烷二聚酸(HFPO-DA)的检出限为0.02 μg/kg,其他21种组分的检出限均为0.01 μg/kg。
本研究对天津市售海水虾67份、淡水虾105份样品中24种PFASs的含量测定,结果见表1、2。
海水虾样品中共有14种PFASs被检出,∑PFASs检出浓度范围为0.160~43.4 μg/kg,其中全氟十一酸(PFUdA)检出率最高,67份样品中共有66份检出PFUdA,检出率为98.5%,其他超过40%检出率的PFASs依次为全氟十三酸(PFTrDA)、PFOS、全氟十四酸(PFTeDA)、全氟癸酸(PFDA)、全氟十二酸(PFDoA)、PFOA、全氟壬酸(PFNA);在全部24种PFASs中检出含量最高的种类是PFBA,检出浓度为39.2 μg/kg,其他有较高检出浓度的种类包括PFOA、PFNA、PFUdA、PFTrDA、PFOS和6:2氯代全氟醚磺酸(6:2Cl-PFESA);全部海水虾样品中均有一种或多种不同PFASs检出,整体PFASs类污染物检出率为100%。
淡水虾样品中共检出17种PFASs,∑PFASs检出浓度范围为0.135~27.9 μg/kg,其中PFUdA和PFTrDA的检出率最高,均为105份样品中有102份检出,检出率为97.1%;其他检出率较高的PFASs依次为PFDoA、PFOS、PFDA、PFTeDA、PFNA、PFOA,检出浓度均超过50%;检出含量最高的种类是PFOS,检出浓度为19.8 μg/kg;其他有较高检出浓度的种类包括PFBA、PFOA、PFNA、PFDA、PFUdA、PFDoA、PFTr DA、6:2Cl-PFESA;全部105份样品中有104份检出一种或多种不同种类PFASs,整体PFASs类污染物检出率为99.0%。
在本研究中,单份海水虾样品最多检出11种不同PFASs,最少检出1种PFASs组分,其中有17份样品检出7种不同PFASs,占样品总数的25.4%;其次依次为检出6、8和9种PFASs的样品,分别占样品总数的17.9%、17.9%和16.4%。单份淡水虾样品检出PFASs的种类范围为0~13种,检出份数最多的为含有6种PFASs的样品,共检出30份,占总淡水虾样品数的28.6%;其次为检出7、8和9种PFASs成分的样品,对应占总样品数的18.1%、17.1%和10.5%。见图1。
在研究中所采集的105份淡水虾中包括42份河虾、19份罗氏虾、28份小龙虾以及16份其他淡水虾,对其中种类确定的河虾、罗氏虾、小龙虾的检出结果进行数据统计,见图2。从图中可以看到三类淡水虾中检出PFASs种类趋势相似,尤其河虾和小龙虾中检出浓度中位数趋势相同,检出浓度中位数较高种类均为PFOA、PFNA、PFDA、PFUdA、PFDoA、PFTrDA、PFTeDA和PFOS,罗氏虾则少了PFOA和PFTeDA两种组分;三类淡水虾中最高检出浓度中位数组分均为PFTrDA;三类淡水虾中24种PFASs总浓度的中位数分别为3.42 μg/kg(河虾)、1.54 μg/kg(罗氏虾)、2.03 μg/kg(小龙虾)。
对海水虾和淡水虾中检测的24种PFASs以及总PFASs含量进行统计学分析,两类样品中24种PFASs及∑PFASs含量数据使用夏皮洛-威尔克检验进行正态性检验,结果均不符合正态分布,故采用非参数检验(曼-惠特尼U检验)进行分析比较。
由表3可知,比较海水虾和淡水虾中含有的PFNA、PFUdA以及PFTeDA浓度,P值小于0.05,表明其浓度值具有统计学差异,海水虾中含有的PFUdA和PFTeDA的浓度显著高于淡水虾,而淡水虾中的PFNA浓度则高于海虾,两类水产品的污染种类存在差异。
对三种不同类型淡水虾(河虾、罗氏虾、小龙虾)中主要检出的8种PFASs以及总PFASs含量进行统计学分析,使用夏皮洛-威尔克检验进行正态性检验,其中罗氏虾中PFNA、PFUdA、PFDoA、PFTrDA、∑PFASs浓度数据符合正态分布,其他含量数据均不符合正态分布,故采用非参数检验(Kruskal-Wallis H检验)进行分析并进行两两比较。
由表4、5可知,河虾、罗氏虾、小龙虾中主要PFASs种类相比较,PFOA、PFDA、PFUdA、PFDoA、PFTeDA、PFOS和总PFASs浓度进行比较,P值小于0.05,含量差异具有统计学意义。进而进行成对比较可知,不同组分浓度差异PFOA为:小龙虾>河虾、小龙虾>罗氏虾、河虾>罗氏虾,PFDA:河虾>小龙虾、罗氏虾>小龙虾,PFUdA:河虾>罗氏虾,PFDoA:河虾>罗氏虾、小龙虾>罗氏虾,PFTeDA:河虾>小龙虾、河虾>罗氏虾、小龙虾>罗氏虾,PFOS:河虾>小龙虾、罗氏虾>小龙虾,总PFASs:河虾>小龙虾、河虾>罗氏虾。
本研究完成了对天津市售海水虾及淡水虾中24种PFASs的含量测定及污染特征研究。其中包括14种长链PFASs:PFOA、PFNA、PFDA、PFUdA、PFDoA、PFTrDA、PFTeDA、PFHxDA、PFODA、PFHxS、PFOS、PFDS、PFHpS、PFNS;6种短链PFASs:PFBA、PFPeA、PFHxA、PFHpA、PFBS、PFPeS;4种新兴PFASs:HFPO-DA、NaDONA、6:2Cl-PFESA、8:2Cl-PFESA。海水虾和淡水虾中检出率较高的8种单体PFASs相同,均为长链PFASs,说明长链PFASs仍然是虾类水产品中最需要关注的一类组分;同时样品中的两种新兴PFASs(6:2Cl-PFESA、8:2Cl-PFESA)均有一定比例检出,说明针对虾类水产品中的新兴PFASs应提高重视程度。
本研究所检测样品中一般含有6~9种不同的PFASs,单份海水虾中最多含有11种组分,而单份淡水虾中最多含有13种组分,说明天津市售虾类水产品中PFASs污染较广泛,可能存在多种污染来源。目前国际上较为关心的3种单体(PFOA、PFOS、PFNA)成分在研究样品中均有较高的检出率及检出浓度;海水虾中PFOA检出浓度平均值为0.233 μg/kg,淡水虾中为0.270 μg/kg;海水虾中PFOS检出浓度平均值为0.387 μg/kg,淡水虾中为1.09 μg/kg。与国内外已有的水产品中PFASs相关污染研究结果[15-21]相比可以发现,本研究的淡水虾中PFOS的污染处于较高水平,说明淡水虾中PFOS的污染相对严重。同时本研究中两类样品的PFOS含量均高于PFOA,这与北京[7]、荷兰[19]和挪威[20]的研究结果一致,说明可能虾类水产品中 PFOS的积累能力强于 PFOA。
通过比较可知,海水虾和淡水虾中PFASs存在差异,这可能与其生长环境、饲料来源、海洋食物网与淡水食物网的生物稀释作用不同有关。本研究中还细分了淡水虾中的三种不同类型,通过比较研究可以看出河虾污染最严重,是淡水虾中总PFASs的主要贡献类型。
受采样等限制,本研究没有追踪确认市售虾类水产品样品的具体来源产地,同时在分析中仅区分了海水虾和淡水虾两个大类以及淡水虾中三个小类,没有对海水虾的品种进一步细分,也没有检测虾头中污染物含量。后续还需进一步细分食物类别及食物的不同部位进行研究,同时追踪样品来源,进一步深入研究确认造成污染的原因,以期为管理决策和标准制定提供更科学有力的保证。
  • 天津市卫生健康科技项目(TJWJ2023QN093)
  • 天津市医学重点学科建设资助(TJYXZDXK-3-034C)
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2026年第53卷第5期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202509505
  • 接收时间:2025-09-29
  • 首发时间:2026-11-02
  • 出版时间:2026-03-10
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  • 收稿日期:2025-09-29
基金
天津市卫生健康科技项目(TJWJ2023QN093)
天津市医学重点学科建设资助(TJYXZDXK-3-034C)
作者信息
    天津市疾病预防控制中心食品理化科,国家卫生健康委员会食品安全风险评估与标准研制特色实验室,天津 300011
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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202509505
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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