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Article(id=1324077757088539584, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1324077560820282023, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202509078, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1756915200000, receivedDateStr=2025-09-04, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793614337464, onlineDateStr=2026-11-02, pubDate=1774368000000, pubDateStr=2026-03-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793614337464, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-11-02, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793614337464, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793614337464, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1324077560820282023, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2026', volume='53', issue='6', pageStart='961', pageEnd='1152', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1774368000000', pubDateStr='2026-03-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1793614290671, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793614391469, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1324077983656444429, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1324077560820282023, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1324077983660638734, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1324077560820282023, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1099, endPage=1105, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1324077757319226305, articleId=1324077757088539584, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Association of lifestyle-based oxidative balance score with the risk of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, columnId=1228016572451718132, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Health and Social Behavior, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To investigate the association between the Lifestyle Oxidative Balance Score (Lifestyle-OBS) and the risk of developing obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), and to provide evidence for lifestyle interventions targeting OSAS.

Methods

Adults aged 20 years and older from four survey cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2008 and 2015-2018 were included. Lifestyle-OBS was calculated based on physical activity, body mass index (BMI), smoking, and drinking behaviors. Weighted logistic regression models analyzed the association between lifestyle OBS and OSAS risk, with dose-response relationships assessed using restricted cubic splines. Subgroup analyses were conducted concurrently.

Results

A total of 5 368 individuals were included, among whom 3 601(67.09%) had OSAS. Weighted logistic regression analysis revealed that after adjusting for covariates, elevated Lifestyle-OBS was significantly negatively associated with the risk of OSAS (OR=0.801, 95% CI: 0.758-0.847). When Lifestyle-OBS was divided into four quartiles, the Q4 group had a reduced risk of OSAS compared with the Q1 group (OR =0.383, 95% CI: 0.288-0.510). Restricted cubic spline analysis revealed a linear negative-response association between Lifestyle-OBS and OSAS risk (Pfor nonlinearity=0.351). Subgroup analysis revealed significant interactions between Lifestyle-OBS and OSAS risk in age, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease subgroups. The association between Lifestyle-OBS and OSAS was stronger in younger and middle-aged individuals without hypertension or cardiovascular disease.

Conclusion

Higher Lifestyle-OBS is associated with a reduced risk of OSAS.

, authors=Yuan YUAN1, Sen LIU1, Jing-ru MA1, Xiao-hua LV1, 2, authorsList=Yuan YUAN, Sen LIU, Jing-ru MA, Xiao-hua LV, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Xiao-hua LV, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1324077758829175758, articleId=1324077757088539584, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=CN, title=生活方式氧化平衡评分与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征的关联, columnId=1228016572640461823, journalTitle=现代预防医学, columnName=健康与社会行为, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

探讨生活方式氧化平衡评分（OBS）与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（OSAS）患病风险之间的关联。为 OSAS 的生活方式干预提供依据。

方法

基于美国国家健康和营养调查（NHANES）2005—2008 年及 2015—2018 年四个调查周期20岁及以上成年人。通过身体活动、体质指数（BMI）、吸烟和饮酒行为计算生活方式OBS，采用加权 logistic 回归模型分析 生活方式OBS 与 OSAS 患病风险的关联，并使用限制性立方样条评估剂量-反应关系，同时进行亚组分析。

结果

共纳入5 368人，其中3 601人 （67.09%） 患有OSAS。加权logistic回归分析显示，调整协变量后，生活方式OBS升高与OSAS患病风险呈显著负相关 （OR=0.801，95% CI: 0.758~0.847）。将生活方式OBS按四分位数分为四组，与Q1组相比，生活方式OBS Q4组的OSAS患病风险降低 （OR=0.383，95% CI: 0.288~0.510）。限制性立方样条分析显示生活方式OBS与OSAS患病风险呈线性负向关联（P非线性=0.351）。亚组分析显示，生活方式OBS 与 OSAS 患病风险的关联在年龄、高血压及心血管疾病亚组中存在显著交互作用，在中青年人群及无高血压、无心血管疾病者中，生活方式OBS与OSAS的关联更为明显。

结论

高生活方式OBS与OSAS患病风险降低相关。

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袁源（2000—），男，硕士在读，研究方向：营养与食品卫生学

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吕晓华，E-mail:
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Antioxidants, 2024, 13(5): 573., articleTitle=The impact of physical exercise on oxidative and nitrosative stress:balancing the benefits and risks, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1324077759114388431, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077757088539584, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324077759143748560, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077757088539584, companyId=1324077759114388431, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324077759156331473, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077757088539584, companyId=1324077759114388431, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院，四川 成都 610041)]), AuthorCompany(id=1324077760804692946, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077757088539584, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324077760813081555, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077757088539584, companyId=1324077760804692946, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.主动健康与食品营养安全四川省重点实验室)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1324077762897650673, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077757088539584, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Flow chart of the study population screening, figureFileSmall=bXTsyMJ1cg5Fi/rsRqQEAg==, figureFileBig=a0LIXQmOx3saeU0/fg/hOQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324077762985731058, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077757088539584, language=CN, label=图1, caption=研究对象筛选流程, figureFileSmall=bXTsyMJ1cg5Fi/rsRqQEAg==, figureFileBig=a0LIXQmOx3saeU0/fg/hOQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324077763321275379, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077757088539584, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Subgroup analysis of Lifestyle-OBS and risk of OSAS prevalence, figureFileSmall=3j6apETPo6T3hvPq5920AQ==, figureFileBig=6i+Ro/fyOCT2+Qi0q2qbqg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324077763400967156, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077757088539584, language=CN, label=图2, caption=生活方式OBS与OSAS患病风险的亚组分析, figureFileSmall=3j6apETPo6T3hvPq5920AQ==, figureFileBig=6i+Ro/fyOCT2+Qi0q2qbqg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324077763484853237, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077757088539584, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Dose-response association between Lifestyle-OBS and risk of OSAS development, figureFileSmall=CQqN4Jusu69ApZJMUfi/+Q==, figureFileBig=+bgzPCqHwFNc1rz1XsHSoA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324077763614876662, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077757088539584, language=CN, label=图3, caption=生活方式OBS与OSAS患病风险的剂量-反应关系, figureFileSmall=CQqN4Jusu69ApZJMUfi/+Q==, figureFileBig=+bgzPCqHwFNc1rz1XsHSoA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324077763698762743, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077757088539584, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Lifestyle-OBS scoring scheme

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OBS组成属性男性女性
012012
身体活动(MET-min/wk)抗氧化<1 800.001 800.00~5 070.00≥5 070.00<960.00960.00~3 060.00≥3 060.00
酒精（标准杯/d）促氧化≥2<2≤12标准杯/年≥1<1≤12标准杯/年
BMI(kg/m2)促氧化≥30.4025.80~30.40<25.80≥30.4125.00~30.41<25.00
可替宁(ng/ml)促氧化≥0.0970.026~0.097<0.026≥0.0560.023~0.056<0.023
), ArticleFig(id=1324077765376484344, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077757088539584, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

生活方式OBS赋值标准

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
OBS组成属性男性女性
012012
身体活动(MET-min/wk)抗氧化<1 800.001 800.00~5 070.00≥5 070.00<960.00960.00~3 060.00≥3 060.00
酒精（标准杯/d）促氧化≥2<2≤12标准杯/年≥1<1≤12标准杯/年
BMI(kg/m2)促氧化≥30.4025.80~30.40<25.80≥30.4125.00~30.41<25.00
可替宁(ng/ml)促氧化≥0.0970.026~0.097<0.026≥0.0560.023~0.056<0.023
), ArticleFig(id=1324077765477147641, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077757088539584, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

General baseline characteristics of participants

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项目总计非OSASOSASP值
总人数[（%）]5 368(100)1 767(32.91)3 601(67.09)
年龄(岁,)47.50±0.4349.12±0.5046.71±0.48<0.001
性别[n(%)]<0.001
女性2 735(50.95)797(45.13)1 936(53.77)
男性2 633(49.05)970(54.87)1 665(46.23)
种族/族裔[n(%)]0.970
墨西哥裔美国人389(7.24)131(7.39)258(7.16)
非西班牙裔黑人532(9.91)178(10.06)354(9.83)
非西班牙裔白人3 835(71.45)1 258(71.17)2 578(71.58)
其他种族612(11.41)200(11.38)411(11.43)
教育水平[n(%)]<0.001
<高中690(12.86)261(14.76)430(11.93)
=高中1 332(24.82)498(28.17)835(23.19)
>高中3 346(62.33)1 008(57.07)2 336(64.88)
PIR[n(%)]0.120
<1569(10.60)181(10.26)406(11.28)
1~<3.52 282(42.51)735(41.55)1 602(44.49)
≥3.52 517(46.89)851(48.18)1 593(44.23)
BMI [kg/m2,n(%)]<0.001
<251 622(30.21)641(36.26)639(17.74)
25~<301 729(32.21)584(33.05)1 098(30.48)
≥302 017(37.57)542(30.69)1 864(51.78)
婚姻状况n(%)]0.004
离婚513(9.56)168(9.52)345(9.58)
与伴侣同住471(8.78)152(8.60)319(8.87)
已婚3 213(59.86)1 124(63.63)2 090(58.03)
从未结婚830(15.47)209(11.81)621(17.24)
分居110(2.05)41(2.31)69(1.93)
丧偶230(4.28)73(4.13)157(4.35)
饮酒[n(%)]0.010
曾经648(12.07)242(13.70)406(11.29)
酗酒1 022(19.04)370(20.91)653(18.13)
轻微2 153(40.10)703(39.79)1 449(40.24)
中等1 002(18.66)316(17.91)685(19.02)
从不544(10.13)136(7.69)408(11.32)
吸烟[n(%)]<0.001
曾经1 434(26.71)482(27.28)952(26.44)
从不2 906(54.14)858(48.57)2 046(56.83)
现在1 028(19.15)427(24.15)603(16.73)
高血压[n(%)]<0.001
无3 392(63.18)942(53.33)2 447(67.96)
有1 976(36.82)825(46.67)1 154(32.04)
高脂血症[n(%)]<0.001
无1 609(29.98)417(23.58)1 191(33.08)
有3 759(70.02)1 350(76.42)2 410(66.92)
心血管疾病[n(%)]<0.001
无4 920(91.65)1 582(89.53)3 337(92.68)
有448(8.35)185(10.47)264(7.32)
糖尿病[n(%)]<0.001
有540(10.06)249(14.11)291(8.09)
无4 828(89.94)1 518(85.89)3 310(91.91)
生活方式OBS()4.04±0.043.61±0.054.24±0.05<0.001
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研究对象的基本情况

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项目总计非OSASOSASP值
总人数[（%）]5 368(100)1 767(32.91)3 601(67.09)
年龄(岁,)47.50±0.4349.12±0.5046.71±0.48<0.001
性别[n(%)]<0.001
女性2 735(50.95)797(45.13)1 936(53.77)
男性2 633(49.05)970(54.87)1 665(46.23)
种族/族裔[n(%)]0.970
墨西哥裔美国人389(7.24)131(7.39)258(7.16)
非西班牙裔黑人532(9.91)178(10.06)354(9.83)
非西班牙裔白人3 835(71.45)1 258(71.17)2 578(71.58)
其他种族612(11.41)200(11.38)411(11.43)
教育水平[n(%)]<0.001
<高中690(12.86)261(14.76)430(11.93)
=高中1 332(24.82)498(28.17)835(23.19)
>高中3 346(62.33)1 008(57.07)2 336(64.88)
PIR[n(%)]0.120
<1569(10.60)181(10.26)406(11.28)
1~<3.52 282(42.51)735(41.55)1 602(44.49)
≥3.52 517(46.89)851(48.18)1 593(44.23)
BMI [kg/m2,n(%)]<0.001
<251 622(30.21)641(36.26)639(17.74)
25~<301 729(32.21)584(33.05)1 098(30.48)
≥302 017(37.57)542(30.69)1 864(51.78)
婚姻状况n(%)]0.004
离婚513(9.56)168(9.52)345(9.58)
与伴侣同住471(8.78)152(8.60)319(8.87)
已婚3 213(59.86)1 124(63.63)2 090(58.03)
从未结婚830(15.47)209(11.81)621(17.24)
分居110(2.05)41(2.31)69(1.93)
丧偶230(4.28)73(4.13)157(4.35)
饮酒[n(%)]0.010
曾经648(12.07)242(13.70)406(11.29)
酗酒1 022(19.04)370(20.91)653(18.13)
轻微2 153(40.10)703(39.79)1 449(40.24)
中等1 002(18.66)316(17.91)685(19.02)
从不544(10.13)136(7.69)408(11.32)
吸烟[n(%)]<0.001
曾经1 434(26.71)482(27.28)952(26.44)
从不2 906(54.14)858(48.57)2 046(56.83)
现在1 028(19.15)427(24.15)603(16.73)
高血压[n(%)]<0.001
无3 392(63.18)942(53.33)2 447(67.96)
有1 976(36.82)825(46.67)1 154(32.04)
高脂血症[n(%)]<0.001
无1 609(29.98)417(23.58)1 191(33.08)
有3 759(70.02)1 350(76.42)2 410(66.92)
心血管疾病[n(%)]<0.001
无4 920(91.65)1 582(89.53)3 337(92.68)
有448(8.35)185(10.47)264(7.32)
糖尿病[n(%)]<0.001
有540(10.06)249(14.11)291(8.09)
无4 828(89.94)1 518(85.89)3 310(91.91)
生活方式OBS()4.04±0.043.61±0.054.24±0.05<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1324077765670085627, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077757088539584, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Weighted logistic regression models for the association between Lifestyle-OBS and the prevalence of OSAS

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项目模型1模型2模型3
OR(95%CI)P值OR(95%CI)P值OR(95%CI)P值
生活方式OBS0.763(0.728~0.800)<0.0010.758(0.722~0.797)<0.0010.801(0.758~0.847)<0.001
Q1参照参照参照
Q20.579(0.480~0.699)<0.0010.570(0.467~0.696)<0.0010.619(0.502~0.762)<0.001
Q30.588(0.488~0.709)<0.0010.573(0.476~0.691)<0.0010.643(0.520~0.794)<0.001
Q40.291(0.227~0.374)<0.0010.288(0.221~0.375)<0.0010.383(0.288~0.510)<0.001
P趋势<0.001<0.001<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1324077765749777404, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077757088539584, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

生活方式OBS与OSAS患病风险关联的加权logistic 回归模型

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项目模型1模型2模型3
OR(95%CI)P值OR(95%CI)P值OR(95%CI)P值
生活方式OBS0.763(0.728~0.800)<0.0010.758(0.722~0.797)<0.0010.801(0.758~0.847)<0.001
Q1参照参照参照
Q20.579(0.480~0.699)<0.0010.570(0.467~0.696)<0.0010.619(0.502~0.762)<0.001
Q30.588(0.488~0.709)<0.0010.573(0.476~0.691)<0.0010.643(0.520~0.794)<0.001
Q40.291(0.227~0.374)<0.0010.288(0.221~0.375)<0.0010.383(0.288~0.510)<0.001
P趋势<0.001<0.001<0.001
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生活方式氧化平衡评分与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征的关联
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袁源 1 , 刘森 1 , 马璟茹 1 , 吕晓华 1, 2
现代预防医学 | 健康与社会行为 2026,53(6): 1099-1105
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现代预防医学 |健康与社会行为 2026 , 53 (6) : 1099 -1105
生活方式氧化平衡评分与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征的关联
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袁源（2000—），男，硕士在读，研究方向：营养与食品卫生学

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袁源（2000—），男，硕士在读，研究方向：营养与食品卫生学

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袁源1, 刘森1, 马璟茹1, 吕晓华1, 2
作者信息
  • 1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院，四川 成都 610041
  • 2.主动健康与食品营养安全四川省重点实验室
通讯作者:
吕晓华，E-mail:
作者简介:

袁源（2000—），男，硕士在读，研究方向：营养与食品卫生学

Association of lifestyle-based oxidative balance score with the risk of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
Yuan YUAN1, Sen LIU1, Jing-ru MA1, Xiao-hua LV1, 2
Affiliations
  • West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
出版时间: 2026-03-25 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202509078
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摘要
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目的

探讨生活方式氧化平衡评分（OBS）与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（OSAS）患病风险之间的关联。为 OSAS 的生活方式干预提供依据。

方法

基于美国国家健康和营养调查（NHANES）2005—2008 年及 2015—2018 年四个调查周期20岁及以上成年人。通过身体活动、体质指数（BMI）、吸烟和饮酒行为计算生活方式OBS，采用加权 logistic 回归模型分析 生活方式OBS 与 OSAS 患病风险的关联，并使用限制性立方样条评估剂量-反应关系，同时进行亚组分析。

结果

共纳入5 368人，其中3 601人 （67.09%） 患有OSAS。加权logistic回归分析显示，调整协变量后，生活方式OBS升高与OSAS患病风险呈显著负相关 （OR=0.801，95% CI: 0.758~0.847）。将生活方式OBS按四分位数分为四组，与Q1组相比，生活方式OBS Q4组的OSAS患病风险降低 （OR=0.383，95% CI: 0.288~0.510）。限制性立方样条分析显示生活方式OBS与OSAS患病风险呈线性负向关联（P非线性=0.351）。亚组分析显示，生活方式OBS 与 OSAS 患病风险的关联在年龄、高血压及心血管疾病亚组中存在显著交互作用，在中青年人群及无高血压、无心血管疾病者中，生活方式OBS与OSAS的关联更为明显。

结论

高生活方式OBS与OSAS患病风险降低相关。

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征  /  生活方式氧化平衡评分  /  氧化应激  /  NHANES
Objective

To investigate the association between the Lifestyle Oxidative Balance Score (Lifestyle-OBS) and the risk of developing obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), and to provide evidence for lifestyle interventions targeting OSAS.

Methods

Adults aged 20 years and older from four survey cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2008 and 2015-2018 were included. Lifestyle-OBS was calculated based on physical activity, body mass index (BMI), smoking, and drinking behaviors. Weighted logistic regression models analyzed the association between lifestyle OBS and OSAS risk, with dose-response relationships assessed using restricted cubic splines. Subgroup analyses were conducted concurrently.

Results

A total of 5 368 individuals were included, among whom 3 601(67.09%) had OSAS. Weighted logistic regression analysis revealed that after adjusting for covariates, elevated Lifestyle-OBS was significantly negatively associated with the risk of OSAS (OR=0.801, 95% CI: 0.758-0.847). When Lifestyle-OBS was divided into four quartiles, the Q4 group had a reduced risk of OSAS compared with the Q1 group (OR =0.383, 95% CI: 0.288-0.510). Restricted cubic spline analysis revealed a linear negative-response association between Lifestyle-OBS and OSAS risk (Pfor nonlinearity=0.351). Subgroup analysis revealed significant interactions between Lifestyle-OBS and OSAS risk in age, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease subgroups. The association between Lifestyle-OBS and OSAS was stronger in younger and middle-aged individuals without hypertension or cardiovascular disease.

Conclusion

Higher Lifestyle-OBS is associated with a reduced risk of OSAS.

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome  /  Lifestyle oxidative balance score  /  Oxidative stress  /  NHANES
袁源, 刘森, 马璟茹, 吕晓华. 生活方式氧化平衡评分与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征的关联. 现代预防医学, 2026 , 53 (6) : 1099 -1105 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202509078
Yuan YUAN, Sen LIU, Jing-ru MA, Xiao-hua LV. Association of lifestyle-based oxidative balance score with the risk of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2026 , 53 (6) : 1099 -1105 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202509078
正文
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阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, OSAS）是一种常见的慢性呼吸障碍性疾病，其特征为睡眠期间上气道反复塌陷、呼吸暂停与低通气。全球约有9亿人受到OSAS影响，且患病率呈持续上升趋势[1]。OSAS不仅可导致日间嗜睡、注意力不集中、记忆力减退等问题，还显著增加高血压、2型糖尿病、心脑血管疾病等多种慢性病的发病风险[2-4]，对公众健康造成严重威胁。氧化应激在OSAS的发生与进展中发挥关键作用，反复的间断性低氧状态可促使机体产生大量活性氧 （reactive oxygen species, ROS），诱发系统性氧化损伤与炎症反应，进而损害血管内皮功能，促进代谢紊乱与神经功能障碍[5]。
研究表明，吸烟、饮酒、缺乏体力活动、超重或肥胖等不良生活方式不仅是氧化应激的重要驱动因素，而且与OSAS发病风险密切相关[6-7]。Mou JS 等人的研究指出，生活方式越不健康，阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停风险越高，且存在累积性效应[8]。然而，生活行为对机体氧化状态与睡眠障碍的影响常具有复杂的交互作用，单独分析某一生活行为变量往往难以揭示该变量与 OSAS 之间的整体关联[9]。为系统评估个体氧化应激暴露水平，近年来有学者提出“氧化平衡评分”（oxidative balance score, OBS），并应用于多种慢性病风险研究[10]。然而，现有研究对生活方式相关氧化应激暴露的系统评估仍显不足。基于OBS理论框架，本文采用生活方式氧化平衡评分（生活方式OBS），探讨其与OSAS患病风险之间的关联，为 OSAS 的生活方式干预提供依据。
1　对象与方法
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1.1　数据来源
选取（National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, NHANES）2005—2008年和2015—2018年共四个调查周期的数据。纳入标准：年龄≥20岁；排除标准：缺失关键人口学数据，如体质指数（body mass index, BMI）、贫困收入比（poverty income ratio, PIR）；缺乏饮酒史数据；缺乏糖尿病、高血压，心血管疾病等疾病史数据；缺乏OSAS诊断数据。最终纳入5 368名研究对象，研究对象筛选流程见图1。
1.2　结局指标
OSAS，诊断标准：（1）打鼾的频率：每周至少打鼾3次为阳性。（2）“打一次喷嚏、喘气或停止呼吸一次”的频率：每周至少有3个晚上出现打鼾、喘气或呼吸停止为阳性。（3）日间感到倦怠的频率：工作日睡眠至少7h/d的情况下，每月仍有16~30次白天感到疲倦为阳性。以上三种情形中有一个阳性症状，即诊断为 OSAS [11]。在本文中OSAS为二分类变量，患病为1，未患病为0。
1.3　生活方式OBS的定义与计算
OBS是一种综合评估膳食与生活方式因素对个体氧化应激影响的指标，综合考虑16种膳食营养素和4种生活方式因素，包括5种促氧化剂和15种抗氧化剂[12]。本文采用生活方式OBS评估生活方式相关的氧化应激暴露水平。生活方式OBS 包含身体活动、BMI、吸烟和饮酒四个生活方式因素。
身体活动水平通过 NHANES 身体活动问卷进行量化，根据活动类型、频率和持续时间，折算为代谢当量（MET-min/wk）；BMI=体重（kg）/身高2（m2）；饮酒量采用过去12个月的平均每日饮酒量；吸烟状况通过血浆可替宁浓度进行评估[13]。
在生活方式OBS 评分体系中，身体活动为抗氧化因素，BMI、饮酒和吸烟作为促氧化因素。各因素按性别采用三分位数赋值，具体赋值标准见表1。各项得分相加即为生活方式OBS 总分，得分越高表示生活方式的氧化平衡状态越有利。
1.4　协变量
将年龄、性别、种族、教育水平、PIR、婚姻状况、高血压（血压连续三次高于140/90 mmHg或曾被告知患有高血压或用过降压药）、糖尿病（曾被告知患糖尿病或用过降糖药）和高脂血症(甘油三酯≥1.70 mmol/L，或总胆固醇≥5.18 mmol/L、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇≥3.37 mmol/L，男性高密度脂蛋白胆固醇<1.04 mmol/L，女性高密度脂蛋白胆固醇<1.30 mmol/L)和心血管疾病（包括心力衰竭、冠心病、心绞痛、心肌梗塞或中风，患者自报其中之一）作为协变量，高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症和心血管疾病的诊断通过实验室检查、药物使用和自我报告来判定。OBS定义中已包含吸烟、饮酒、BMI和身体活动等数据，故不作为协变量[14-15]。
1.5　数据统计分析
因各变量数据采集自移动检查中心，故分析采用相应加权数据 （权重为WTMEC2YR/4）。连续变量以加权表示，分类变量以加权比例n（%）表示。采用加权t检验和卡方检验比较差异，使用加权logistic回归模型分析生活方式OBS与OSAS的关联。进行亚组分析及限制性立方样条（restricted cubic spline, RCS）建模（设3个节点）以探索非线性趋势[16]。所有分析采用R 4.4.0，检验水准α=0.05。
2　结果
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2.1　研究对象的基本特征
共纳入5 368名研究对象，OSAS患病率为67.09%。如表2所示，与非OSAS组相比，OSAS组在年龄、性别、教育水平、BMI、婚姻状况、饮酒、吸烟、生活方式OBS及相关慢病 (高血压、高脂血症、糖尿病、心血管疾病) 方面均存在统计学差异（P<0.05）。
2.2　生活方式OBS与OSAS患病风险的关联
如表3所示，当生活方式OBS作为连续变量纳入模型时，其与 OSAS 患病风险呈显著负相关。在完全校正协变量后，生活方式OBS 每增加 1 分，OSAS 的患病风险降低 19.9%（模型 3：OR=0.801，95% CI：0.758~0.847）。
进一步将生活方式OBS 按四分位数划分为 Q1（0~3分）、Q2（3~4分）、Q3（4~5分） 和 Q4（5~8分） 四个等级，并以 Q1 组作为参照。加权 logistic 回归结果显示，与 Q1 组相比，Q2、Q3 和 Q4 组均与 OSAS 患病风险降低相关，其中 Q4 组的 OSAS 患病风险最低（OR=0.383，95% CI：0.288~0.510）。趋势检验结果表明，OSAS 的患病风险随着 生活方式OBS 水平的升高而逐步下降（P趋势<0.001）。
2.3　生活方式OBS与OSAS患病风险的亚组分析
亚组分层因素包括年龄、性别、种族、BMI、高血压、高血脂、糖尿病和心血管疾病具体见图2。结果显示，在年龄、高血压及心血管疾病亚组中，发现了显著的交互作用，交互作用P值分别为0.011、0.020和0.036。
进一步分析显示，20~39岁和40~59岁研究对象中，二者关系显著（P<0.001），而在≥60岁研究对象中不显著（P=0.075）。在高血压组，有高血压的研究对象患OSAS的OR=1.103（P=0.018），而无高血压的研究对象患OSAS 的OR=1.285（P<0.001）。在心血管疾病组，无心血管疾病的研究对象患OSAS的OR=1.229（P<0.001）。
2.4　生活方式OBS与OSAS患病风险的剂量-反应关系
限制性立方样条分析显示，在调整多个协变量后，生活方式OBS 与OSAS患病风险之间存在线性负向剂量－反应关联（P总体<0.001），未发现二者存在非线性关联（P非线性=0.351）。随着生活方式OBS升高，OSAS 的患病风险呈持续下降趋势，且该关系在整个评分范围内均较为平稳一致具体见图3。
3　讨论
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本文基于NHANES数据，探讨了生活方式OBS与OSAS患病风险的关联。在5 368名研究对象中，67.09%患有OSAS，这与现有OSAS流行病学研究一致。生活方式OBS与OSAS患病风险显著负相关，表明健康的生活方式（如不吸烟、适度饮酒、规律运动、维持理想体重）可有效降低OSAS风险。
吸烟、饮酒、肥胖和缺乏运动等生活方式因素通过促进氧化应激和加剧炎症反应显著增加OSAS患病风险。吸烟会显著增加ROS的生成，降低抗氧化能力，从而加剧氧化应激[17]。研究显示，吸烟者的OSAS风险明显高于非吸烟者，且吸烟者的氧化应激水平与OSAS的严重程度正相关[18]。饮酒则通过放松上呼吸道肌肉、增加气道塌陷的风险，加剧OSAS的病理过程。此外，酒精代谢过程中会产生ROS，进一步加重氧化应激[19-20]。肥胖通过释放促炎性细胞因子导致全身炎症和氧化应激，且与高血压、心血管疾病密切相关，这些因素共同作用进一步加重OSAS[21-22]。缺乏运动不仅会降低抗氧化能力，还会增加肥胖和心血管疾病的风险，间接加剧OSAS的症状[23]。本研究将上述多种生活方式因素整合为生活方式OBS，从整体水平评估生活方式相关的氧化应激暴露，有助于更全面地反映其与 OSAS 风险之间的关联。亚组分析提示，生活方式OBS与OSAS 患病风险的关系在年龄、高血压及心血管疾病亚组中存在显著交互作用，在老年人及合并心血管疾病或高血压的人群中，其关联强度减弱甚至不显著。这种差异可能源于上述人群中普遍存在的抗氧化能力下降与氧化应激水平升高[24]，叠加多种基础疾病导致的上气道结构退化与神经肌肉功能减弱，使 OSAS 的发生发展更依赖于不可逆的病理过程，从而削弱生活方式因素的相对作用[25]。此外，高血压与 OSAS 的双向因果关系以及心血管疾病的长期炎症与血流动力学负担，均可能进一步放大氧化应激反应，掩盖生活方式OBS 对风险的独立贡献[26-27]。
随着OSAS患病率的上升，尤其是在肥胖、吸烟等生活方式因素的影响下，开展有效的生活方式干预已成为控制OSAS及其他慢性病的关键措施之一。“健康中国2030”战略明确提出，推动全民健康管理，加强慢性病防控。基于本研究结果，将生活方式OBS作为生活行为干预工具，应用于人群筛查和健康管理中，能够帮助早期识别高风险个体，为公共卫生干预策略提供实用依据。
本文的优势在于使用了具有全国代表性的 NHANES 数据，并聚焦于生活方式维度，系统评估其与 OSAS 风险的关系。然而，本研究为横断面设计，无法推断因果关系；部分生活方式变量来源于自报信息，且体力活动具有双向作用，过量的体力活动会产生氧化作用[28]，暴露测量仍存在一定局限。未来仍需通过前瞻性队列研究进一步验证生活方式OBS 在 OSAS 防控中的应用价值。
综上所述，较高的生活方式OBS 与 OSAS 患病风险降低相关，提示维持健康生活方式可能有助于降低 OSAS 风险，为 OSAS 的生活方式干预提供了流行病学依据。

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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202509078
  • 接收时间：2025-09-04
  • 首发时间：2026-11-02
  • 出版时间：2026-03-25
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    1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院，四川 成都 610041
    2.主动健康与食品营养安全四川省重点实验室

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
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