Article(id=1324077623638372401, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1324077560820282023, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202508317, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1755705600000, receivedDateStr=2025-08-21, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793614305647, onlineDateStr=2026-11-02, pubDate=1774368000000, pubDateStr=2026-03-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793614305647, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-11-02, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793614305647, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793614305647, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1324077560820282023, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2026', volume='53', issue='6', pageStart='961', pageEnd='1152', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1774368000000', pubDateStr='2026-03-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1793614290671, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793614391469, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1324077983656444429, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1324077560820282023, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1324077983660638734, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1324077560820282023, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1030, endPage=1036, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1324077623831310386, articleId=1324077623638372401, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Prenatal arsenic exposure influences neonatal birth weight through DNA methylation: A quantile mediation analysis, columnId=1228016568949474136, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Child and Adolescent health, Maternal and Child Health, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To explore the mediating role of DNA methylation (DNAm) in the association between prenatal arsenic exposure and neonatal birth weight, and to identify DNAm-specific sites at different birth weight percentiles.

Methods

The data were obtained from the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study (NHBCS), which included 270 mother-infant pairs. The quantitative correlation-based independent screening (QCSIS) method was combined with marginal quantitative regression analysis to identify DNA methylation (DNAm) sites associated with birth weight. After penalized estimation, the mediating effect analysis method was used to evaluate the mediating role of DNAm loci in the relationship between prenatal arsenic exposure and different birth weight percentiles.

Results

After adjusting for maternal age, pre-pregnancy BMI, and other covariates, a total of 14 cytosine-phosphate-guanine pairs of nucleotides (CpG) sites with significant mediating effects were identified across 8 different birth weight quantiles. The eight birth weight percentiles were roughly divided into three groups: low, normal, and high birth weight, identifying 3, 3, and 8 CpG sites, respectively. The results showed that the cg17524924 site located in the ZNF542 gene significantly mediated the association between arsenic exposure and low birth weight (τ=0.3, ACME: -14.311,P=0.016) and (τ=0.4, ACME: -12.946, P=0.016); while the cg13486410 site located in the NDNF gene exhibited a positive mediating effect (τ=0.7, ACME: 14.041, P=0.030), suggesting that methylation at this site may partially offset the negative impact of prenatal arsenic exposure on neonatal birth weight.

Conclusion

This study finds that placental DNA methylation exerts quantile-specific mediating effects between arsenic exposure and neonatal birth weight. The results provide new insights into the mechanisms by which prenatal arsenic exposure affects fetal growth and development.

, authors=Qin-yan REN1, Zi-wen HUANG1, Yu-yang HAN1, Jing-yu WU1, Jia-yi ZHANG1, Wen-lin BAI1, 2, 3, Hong-yan CAO1, 2, 3, Tong WANG1, 2, 3, Rui-ling FANG1, 2, 3, authorsList=Qin-yan REN, Zi-wen HUANG, Yu-yang HAN, Jing-yu WU, Jia-yi ZHANG, Wen-lin BAI, Hong-yan CAO, Tong WANG, Rui-ling FANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Rui-ling FANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1324077626859597887, articleId=1324077623638372401, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=CN, title=孕期砷暴露通过DNA甲基化影响新生儿出生体重的分位数中介分析, columnId=1228016570031604578, journalTitle=现代预防医学, columnName=儿少卫生与妇幼保健, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

探讨DNA甲基化(DNA methylation, DNAm)在孕期砷暴露与新生儿出生体重关联中的中介作用,并识别不同出生体重分位数下具有特异性中介效应的DNAm位点。

方法

数据来源于新罕布什尔州出生队列研究(NHBCS),共有纳入270对母婴。采用QCSIS(Quantile Correlation-Sure Independent Screening)方法联合边际分位数回归分析,筛选与出生体重相关的DNAm位点,并结合惩罚估计方法,运用中介效应分析方法评估DNAm位点在孕期砷暴露与不同分位数出生体重间的中介作用。

结果

调整孕妇年龄、孕前BMI等协变量后,在8个不同出生体重分位数水平下共识别出14个具有中介效应的胞嘧啶-磷酸-鸟嘌呤双核苷酸(cytosine-phosphate-guanine pairs of nucleotides,CpG)位点。将8个出生体重分位数大致分为低、正常、高出生体重三组,分别识别出3、3、8个CpG位点。结果显示,位于ZNF542基因的cg17524924位点介导了砷暴露与低出生体重之间的关联(τ=0.3, ACME:-14.311,P=0.016)和(τ=0.4, ACME:-12.946,P=0.016);而位于NDNF基因的cg13486410位点表现出正向中介效应(τ=0.7, ACME:14.041,P=0.030),提示该位点的甲基化可部分抵消砷暴露对新生儿出生体重的负面影响。

结论

本研究发现胎盘DNA甲基化在孕期砷暴露与新生儿出生体重之间具有分位数特异性的中介作用,研究结果为理解孕期砷暴露对胎儿生长发育的影响机制提供了新视角。

, authors=任沁炎1, 黄紫玟1, 韩昱阳1, 吴晶雨1, 张佳怡1, 白文琳1, 2, 3, 曹红艳1, 2, 3, 王彤1, 2, 3, 房瑞玲1, 2, 3, authorsList=任沁炎, 黄紫玟, 韩昱阳, 吴晶雨, 张佳怡, 白文琳, 曹红艳, 王彤, 房瑞玲, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=房瑞玲, authorNote=

任沁炎(1999—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:高维中介效应分析方法

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房瑞玲,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=2q+nRdEIf/0LdG79Hay1JQ==, magXml=HAa4ieRwbfEm5vNPp1FNIA==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=5o2bxuDNFTU092Bv0UrtQQ==, pdfFileSize=1002217, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=GE67su01Q8DdSsKdtUQvTg==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=kez5a8i+Mpztqb9wvuaBYA==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1324077627438411848, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077623638372401, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324077627534880842, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077623638372401, authorId=1324077627438411848, language=EN, stringName=Qin-yan REN, firstName=Qin-yan, middleName=null, lastName=REN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1324077627614572619, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077623638372401, authorId=1324077627438411848, language=CN, stringName=任沁炎, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.山西医科大学公共卫生学院卫生统计学教研室,山西 太原 030001, bio={"content":"

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2.煤炭环境致病与防治教育部重点实验室
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Cancers, 2025, 17(8): 1379., articleTitle=Single-Cell profiling reveals global immune responses during the progression of murine epidermal neoplasms, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1324077640218456206, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077623638372401, awardId=82204164, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(82204164), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1324077640293953679, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077623638372401, awardId=2021M691990, language=CN, fundingSource=中国博士后科学基金(2021M691990), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1324077640407199888, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077623638372401, awardId=20210302124409, language=CN, fundingSource=山西省基础研究计划(20210302124409), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1324077640478503057, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077623638372401, awardId=XD2026, language=CN, fundingSource=山西医科大学校级博士启动基金(XD2026), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1324077627123839040, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077623638372401, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324077627132227649, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077623638372401, companyId=1324077627123839040, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324077627144810562, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077623638372401, companyId=1324077627123839040, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.山西医科大学公共卫生学院卫生统计学教研室,山西 太原 030001)]), AuthorCompany(id=1324077627245473859, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077623638372401, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324077627258056772, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077623638372401, companyId=1324077627245473859, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.煤炭环境致病与防治教育部重点实验室)]), AuthorCompany(id=1324077627341942853, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077623638372401, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324077627350331462, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077623638372401, companyId=1324077627341942853, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.重大疾病风险评估山西省重点实验室)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1324077637555073156, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077623638372401, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Quantile mediation effect model diagram τє{0,1}, figureFileSmall=3yhlsJ3eeYJ4uSZSCO2MwQ==, figureFileBig=GE67su01Q8DdSsKdtUQvTg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324077637630570629, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077623638372401, language=CN, label=图1, caption=分位数中介效应模型图τє{0,1}, figureFileSmall=3yhlsJ3eeYJ4uSZSCO2MwQ==, figureFileBig=GE67su01Q8DdSsKdtUQvTg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324077637852868742, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077623638372401, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Methylation levels of 14 mediator CpG sites associated with prenatal arsenic exposure and neonatal birth weight stratification (arsenic exposure grouped by median, birth weight divided into low, medium, and high groups by tertiles), figureFileSmall=YOFCrU/d316LPum4suhJWw==, figureFileBig=5tCe1yV72dEiHFN8jjI0zg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324077637936754823, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077623638372401, language=CN, label=图2, caption=孕期砷暴露与新生儿出生体重分层相关的14个中介CpG位点甲基化水平分布(砷暴露按中位数分组,出生体重按三分位数划分为低、中、高组), figureFileSmall=YOFCrU/d316LPum4suhJWw==, figureFileBig=5tCe1yV72dEiHFN8jjI0zg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324077638020640904, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077623638372401, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Basic characteristics of mother-infant pairs and distribution of placental arsenic level in NHBCS cohort

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量合计(n=270)男婴(n=139)女婴(n=131)t/Z/χ2值P值
母亲孕龄[岁,]31.51±4.8731.74±4.8231.29±4.930.7580.449a
孕前BMI[kg/m2,M(P25,P75)]25.16(22.31, 29.10)25.32(22.48, 29.41)25.12(22.31, 28.54)0.2640.792b
妊娠期糖尿病[n(%)]0.0270.868c
是28(10.37)14(10.07)14(10.69)
否242(89.63)125(89.93)117(89.31)
胎龄[周,M(P25,P75)]39.57(39.00, 40.43)39.57(39.00, 40.43)39.43(39.00, 40.43)0.2130.832b
新生儿出生体重[g,M(P25,P75)]3 440(3 131, 3 709)3 565(3 174, 3 793)3 265(3 102, 3 623)3.2210.001b
胎盘砷含量[ng/g,M(P25,P75)]0.813 2(0.546 8, 1.227 7)0.814 0(0.545 6, 1.230 0)0.809 9(0.547 1, 1.227 5)-0.1110.912b
), ArticleFig(id=1324077638117109897, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077623638372401, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

NHBCS队列纳入母婴对的基本特征与胎盘砷含量分布

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量合计(n=270)男婴(n=139)女婴(n=131)t/Z/χ2值P值
母亲孕龄[岁,]31.51±4.8731.74±4.8231.29±4.930.7580.449a
孕前BMI[kg/m2,M(P25,P75)]25.16(22.31, 29.10)25.32(22.48, 29.41)25.12(22.31, 28.54)0.2640.792b
妊娠期糖尿病[n(%)]0.0270.868c
是28(10.37)14(10.07)14(10.69)
否242(89.63)125(89.93)117(89.31)
胎龄[周,M(P25,P75)]39.57(39.00, 40.43)39.57(39.00, 40.43)39.43(39.00, 40.43)0.2130.832b
新生儿出生体重[g,M(P25,P75)]3 440(3 131, 3 709)3 565(3 174, 3 793)3 265(3 102, 3 623)3.2210.001b
胎盘砷含量[ng/g,M(P25,P75)]0.813 2(0.546 8, 1.227 7)0.814 0(0.545 6, 1.230 0)0.809 9(0.547 1, 1.227 5)-0.1110.912b
), ArticleFig(id=1324077638213578890, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077623638372401, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Mediation analysis results for CpG sites with significant mediating effects at different quantiles

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
CpG位点分位数(τ)因果中介效应(ACME)直接效应(ADE)
估计值 Estimate (95%CI)P值估计值 Estimate (95%CI)P值
cg10273420 τ=0.2-9.486 (-27.285,-0.239)0.0484.036(-81.816,58.799)0.764
cg17524924 τ=0.3-14.311 (-26.739,-2.868)0.01618.671(-54.171,62.313)0.586
cg08851782 τ=0.4-13.852(-32.935,-2.577)0.00614.934(-52.243,60.075)0.794
cg17524924 τ=0.4-12.946(-27.526,-2.555)0.0165.829(-40.547,66.961)0.542
cg02158978 τ=0.5-11.424(-25.201,-1.267)0.018-4.161(-48.710,67.257)0.984
cg06884882 τ=0.5-9.532(-29.243,-0.392)0.0449.606(-43.274,78.552)0.766
cg10666406 τ=0.6-17.633 (-35.141,-0.921)0.0284.283(-42.402,72.210)0.700
cg20843052 τ=0.7-16.509(-38.545,-2.488)0.01413.807(-49.314,105.282)0.780
cg13486410 τ=0.714.041(0.5202,31.0723)0.030-11.839(-68.589,44.795)0.572
cg08683249 τ=0.7-12.272(-28.840,-0.037)0.049-5.865(-64.958,53.995)0.702
cg20050826 τ=0.8-22.719(-42.875,-3.439)0.01422.999(-56.118,106.844)0.756
cg04086928 τ=0.8-15.383(-36.786,-1.794)0.02029.924(-73.590,74.727)0.724
cg23530245 τ=0.9-32.849(-66.010,-10.946)0.00249.267(-70.637,107.261)0.384
cg16045271 τ=0.9-32.834(-67.788,-7.647)0.00447.278(-28.375,146.280)0.232
cg00129556 τ=0.9-28.104(-50.213,-6.200)0.01076.595(-60.406,146.020)0.258
CpG位点分位数(τ)总效应(TE)
估计值 Estimate (95%CI)P值
cg10273420 τ=0.2-5.450(-92.887,49.483)0.574
cg17524924 τ=0.34.360(-67.613,48.636)0.956
cg08851782 τ=0.41.082(-67.283,48.023)0.810
cg17524924 τ=0.4-7.117(-55.398,53.332)0.916
cg02158978 τ=0.5-15.584(-60.293,56.406)0.750
cg06884882 τ=0.50.074(-57.251,65.623)0.922
cg10666406 τ=0.6-13.350 (-57.341,62.294)0.826
cg20843052 τ=0.7-2.702(-64.426,85.459)0.798
cg13486410 τ=0.72.202(-57.126,62.745)0.996
cg08683249 τ=0.7-18.137(-83.458,44.814)0.462
cg20050826 τ=0.80.280(-74.693,83.692)0.824
cg04086928 τ=0.814.541(-92.492,64.254)0.900
cg23530245 τ=0.916.419(-105.850,77.962)0.888
cg16045271 τ=0.914.444(-65.940,116.929)0.756
cg00129556 τ=0.948.491(-82.710,118.739)0.446
), ArticleFig(id=1324077639887106187, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077623638372401, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

不同分位数下具有显著中介效应的CpG位点的中介分析结果

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CpG位点分位数(τ)因果中介效应(ACME)直接效应(ADE)
估计值 Estimate (95%CI)P值估计值 Estimate (95%CI)P值
cg10273420 τ=0.2-9.486 (-27.285,-0.239)0.0484.036(-81.816,58.799)0.764
cg17524924 τ=0.3-14.311 (-26.739,-2.868)0.01618.671(-54.171,62.313)0.586
cg08851782 τ=0.4-13.852(-32.935,-2.577)0.00614.934(-52.243,60.075)0.794
cg17524924 τ=0.4-12.946(-27.526,-2.555)0.0165.829(-40.547,66.961)0.542
cg02158978 τ=0.5-11.424(-25.201,-1.267)0.018-4.161(-48.710,67.257)0.984
cg06884882 τ=0.5-9.532(-29.243,-0.392)0.0449.606(-43.274,78.552)0.766
cg10666406 τ=0.6-17.633 (-35.141,-0.921)0.0284.283(-42.402,72.210)0.700
cg20843052 τ=0.7-16.509(-38.545,-2.488)0.01413.807(-49.314,105.282)0.780
cg13486410 τ=0.714.041(0.5202,31.0723)0.030-11.839(-68.589,44.795)0.572
cg08683249 τ=0.7-12.272(-28.840,-0.037)0.049-5.865(-64.958,53.995)0.702
cg20050826 τ=0.8-22.719(-42.875,-3.439)0.01422.999(-56.118,106.844)0.756
cg04086928 τ=0.8-15.383(-36.786,-1.794)0.02029.924(-73.590,74.727)0.724
cg23530245 τ=0.9-32.849(-66.010,-10.946)0.00249.267(-70.637,107.261)0.384
cg16045271 τ=0.9-32.834(-67.788,-7.647)0.00447.278(-28.375,146.280)0.232
cg00129556 τ=0.9-28.104(-50.213,-6.200)0.01076.595(-60.406,146.020)0.258
CpG位点分位数(τ)总效应(TE)
估计值 Estimate (95%CI)P值
cg10273420 τ=0.2-5.450(-92.887,49.483)0.574
cg17524924 τ=0.34.360(-67.613,48.636)0.956
cg08851782 τ=0.41.082(-67.283,48.023)0.810
cg17524924 τ=0.4-7.117(-55.398,53.332)0.916
cg02158978 τ=0.5-15.584(-60.293,56.406)0.750
cg06884882 τ=0.50.074(-57.251,65.623)0.922
cg10666406 τ=0.6-13.350 (-57.341,62.294)0.826
cg20843052 τ=0.7-2.702(-64.426,85.459)0.798
cg13486410 τ=0.72.202(-57.126,62.745)0.996
cg08683249 τ=0.7-18.137(-83.458,44.814)0.462
cg20050826 τ=0.80.280(-74.693,83.692)0.824
cg04086928 τ=0.814.541(-92.492,64.254)0.900
cg23530245 τ=0.916.419(-105.850,77.962)0.888
cg16045271 τ=0.914.444(-65.940,116.929)0.756
cg00129556 τ=0.948.491(-82.710,118.739)0.446
), ArticleFig(id=1324077639987769484, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077623638372401, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Gene information of CpG sites with mediating effects

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CpGsCHRUCSC_CpG_Islands_NameGeneUCSC_RefGene_GroupRelation_to_UCSC_CpG_Island
cg10273420chr10chr10:43950884-43951437ZNF487BodyS_Shelf
cg17524924chr19chr19:56879417-56879995ZNF542TSS1500N_Shore
cg08851782chr3chr3:12856649-12856863CAND2BodyS_Shore
cg02158978chr12chr12:133135293-133135722FBRSL1BodyN_Shore
cg06884882chr1chr1:45189705-45190558ARMH1BodyN_Shore
cg10666406chr3chr3:187871478-187872354LPP5’UTRIsland
cg20843052chr2chr2:61292868-61293585SANBR5’UTRS_Shore
cg13486410chr4chr4:121992003-121993703NDNF5’UTRIsland
cg08683249chr6chr6:43612714-43613366RSPH9TSS200N_Shore
cg20050826chr12chr12:52994772-52995312KRT721stExon;5’UTR;Island
cg04086928chr9-RAPGEF1Body-
cg23530245chr11chr11:102322529-102323762TMEM123TSS1500S_Shore
cg16045271chr1chr1:208416489-208418016PLXNA25’UTRN_Shelf
cg00129556chr6chr6:41748132-41748672FRS3TSS1500;5’UTRIsland
), ArticleFig(id=1324077640084238477, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077623638372401, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

具有中介作用的CpG位点的基因信息

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CpGsCHRUCSC_CpG_Islands_NameGeneUCSC_RefGene_GroupRelation_to_UCSC_CpG_Island
cg10273420chr10chr10:43950884-43951437ZNF487BodyS_Shelf
cg17524924chr19chr19:56879417-56879995ZNF542TSS1500N_Shore
cg08851782chr3chr3:12856649-12856863CAND2BodyS_Shore
cg02158978chr12chr12:133135293-133135722FBRSL1BodyN_Shore
cg06884882chr1chr1:45189705-45190558ARMH1BodyN_Shore
cg10666406chr3chr3:187871478-187872354LPP5’UTRIsland
cg20843052chr2chr2:61292868-61293585SANBR5’UTRS_Shore
cg13486410chr4chr4:121992003-121993703NDNF5’UTRIsland
cg08683249chr6chr6:43612714-43613366RSPH9TSS200N_Shore
cg20050826chr12chr12:52994772-52995312KRT721stExon;5’UTR;Island
cg04086928chr9-RAPGEF1Body-
cg23530245chr11chr11:102322529-102323762TMEM123TSS1500S_Shore
cg16045271chr1chr1:208416489-208418016PLXNA25’UTRN_Shelf
cg00129556chr6chr6:41748132-41748672FRS3TSS1500;5’UTRIsland
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孕期砷暴露通过DNA甲基化影响新生儿出生体重的分位数中介分析
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任沁炎 1 , 黄紫玟 1 , 韩昱阳 1 , 吴晶雨 1 , 张佳怡 1 , 白文琳 1, 2, 3 , 曹红艳 1, 2, 3 , 王彤 1, 2, 3 , 房瑞玲 1, 2, 3
现代预防医学 | 儿少卫生与妇幼保健 2026,53(6): 1030-1036
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现代预防医学 |儿少卫生与妇幼保健 2026 , 53 (6) : 1030 -1036
孕期砷暴露通过DNA甲基化影响新生儿出生体重的分位数中介分析
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2.煤炭环境致病与防治教育部重点实验室
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2.煤炭环境致病与防治教育部重点实验室
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2.煤炭环境致病与防治教育部重点实验室
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任沁炎1, 黄紫玟1, 韩昱阳1, 吴晶雨1, 张佳怡1, 白文琳1, 2, 3, 曹红艳1, 2, 3, 王彤1, 2, 3, 房瑞玲1, 2, 3
作者信息
  • 1.山西医科大学公共卫生学院卫生统计学教研室,山西 太原 030001
  • 2.煤炭环境致病与防治教育部重点实验室
  • 3.重大疾病风险评估山西省重点实验室
通讯作者:
房瑞玲,E-mail:
作者简介:

任沁炎(1999—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:高维中介效应分析方法

Prenatal arsenic exposure influences neonatal birth weight through DNA methylation: A quantile mediation analysis
Qin-yan REN1, Zi-wen HUANG1, Yu-yang HAN1, Jing-yu WU1, Jia-yi ZHANG1, Wen-lin BAI1, 2, 3, Hong-yan CAO1, 2, 3, Tong WANG1, 2, 3, Rui-ling FANG1, 2, 3
Affiliations
  • Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
出版时间: 2026-03-25 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202508317
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目的

探讨DNA甲基化(DNA methylation, DNAm)在孕期砷暴露与新生儿出生体重关联中的中介作用,并识别不同出生体重分位数下具有特异性中介效应的DNAm位点。

方法

数据来源于新罕布什尔州出生队列研究(NHBCS),共有纳入270对母婴。采用QCSIS(Quantile Correlation-Sure Independent Screening)方法联合边际分位数回归分析,筛选与出生体重相关的DNAm位点,并结合惩罚估计方法,运用中介效应分析方法评估DNAm位点在孕期砷暴露与不同分位数出生体重间的中介作用。

结果

调整孕妇年龄、孕前BMI等协变量后,在8个不同出生体重分位数水平下共识别出14个具有中介效应的胞嘧啶-磷酸-鸟嘌呤双核苷酸(cytosine-phosphate-guanine pairs of nucleotides,CpG)位点。将8个出生体重分位数大致分为低、正常、高出生体重三组,分别识别出3、3、8个CpG位点。结果显示,位于ZNF542基因的cg17524924位点介导了砷暴露与低出生体重之间的关联(τ=0.3, ACME:-14.311,P=0.016)和(τ=0.4, ACME:-12.946,P=0.016);而位于NDNF基因的cg13486410位点表现出正向中介效应(τ=0.7, ACME:14.041,P=0.030),提示该位点的甲基化可部分抵消砷暴露对新生儿出生体重的负面影响。

结论

本研究发现胎盘DNA甲基化在孕期砷暴露与新生儿出生体重之间具有分位数特异性的中介作用,研究结果为理解孕期砷暴露对胎儿生长发育的影响机制提供了新视角。

孕期砷暴露  /  DNA甲基化  /  新生儿出生体重  /  高维分位数中介分析
Objective

To explore the mediating role of DNA methylation (DNAm) in the association between prenatal arsenic exposure and neonatal birth weight, and to identify DNAm-specific sites at different birth weight percentiles.

Methods

The data were obtained from the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study (NHBCS), which included 270 mother-infant pairs. The quantitative correlation-based independent screening (QCSIS) method was combined with marginal quantitative regression analysis to identify DNA methylation (DNAm) sites associated with birth weight. After penalized estimation, the mediating effect analysis method was used to evaluate the mediating role of DNAm loci in the relationship between prenatal arsenic exposure and different birth weight percentiles.

Results

After adjusting for maternal age, pre-pregnancy BMI, and other covariates, a total of 14 cytosine-phosphate-guanine pairs of nucleotides (CpG) sites with significant mediating effects were identified across 8 different birth weight quantiles. The eight birth weight percentiles were roughly divided into three groups: low, normal, and high birth weight, identifying 3, 3, and 8 CpG sites, respectively. The results showed that the cg17524924 site located in the ZNF542 gene significantly mediated the association between arsenic exposure and low birth weight (τ=0.3, ACME: -14.311,P=0.016) and (τ=0.4, ACME: -12.946, P=0.016); while the cg13486410 site located in the NDNF gene exhibited a positive mediating effect (τ=0.7, ACME: 14.041, P=0.030), suggesting that methylation at this site may partially offset the negative impact of prenatal arsenic exposure on neonatal birth weight.

Conclusion

This study finds that placental DNA methylation exerts quantile-specific mediating effects between arsenic exposure and neonatal birth weight. The results provide new insights into the mechanisms by which prenatal arsenic exposure affects fetal growth and development.

Prenatal arsenic exposure  /  DNA methylation  /  Newborn birth weight  /  High-dimensional quantile mediation analysis
任沁炎, 黄紫玟, 韩昱阳, 吴晶雨, 张佳怡, 白文琳, 曹红艳, 王彤, 房瑞玲. 孕期砷暴露通过DNA甲基化影响新生儿出生体重的分位数中介分析. 现代预防医学, 2026 , 53 (6) : 1030 -1036 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202508317
Qin-yan REN, Zi-wen HUANG, Yu-yang HAN, Jing-yu WU, Jia-yi ZHANG, Wen-lin BAI, Hong-yan CAO, Tong WANG, Rui-ling FANG. Prenatal arsenic exposure influences neonatal birth weight through DNA methylation: A quantile mediation analysis[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2026 , 53 (6) : 1030 -1036 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202508317
不良出生结局,包括低出生体重、早产和小于胎龄儿,与婴儿发病率和死亡率增加的风险相关,是全球范围内重大的公共卫生问题[1]。最新系统分析数据表明,2000—2020年间全球低出生体重儿总数高达4.49亿例,且2020年全球发生率(14.7%)较2015年(14.6%)呈现持续上升趋势,提示该公共卫生问题仍在持续[2-3]。低出生体重受多种复杂因素影响,其中重金属及类金属暴露是重要的危险因素之一[4]。作为典型的类金属污染物,砷不仅能够穿透胎盘屏障直接作用于胎儿,流行病学研究还证实,砷暴露会显著增加胎儿生长畸形和婴儿死亡的风险[5]。
现有研究表明,DNA甲基化(DNA methylation, DNAm)是金属暴露导致不良出生结局的重要生物学机制[6]。在中国湖北省武汉市开展的一项前瞻性出生队列研究发现,cg03610266、cg08539841和cg25299152等特定DNA甲基化位点在砷暴露对儿童神经发育的不利影响中起部分中介作用[7]。我们在之前的研究发现在妊娠期砷暴露导致低出生体重的过程中,共有18个特异性位点的DNAm水平改变起到了重要的中介作用,其中VENTX和HNF1B基因被认为是关键作用基因[8]。然而,这些研究大多聚焦于平均结果的分布,对于结果分布的整个范围内的中介效应探究相对匮乏。
因此,本研究探索DNAm在孕期砷暴露与新生儿出生体重的中介效应,并使用分位数中介分析来识别不同出生体重分位数下的DNAm特异性位点,旨在深入剖析出生体重分布的全范围内的中介效应,以更全面、深入地理解DNA甲基化在砷暴露与不良出生结局关联中的作用机制。
新罕布什尔州出生队列研究(NHBCS)是一项于2009年启动的前瞻性队列研究。研究纳入标准为:18~45岁、英语读写能力良好、饮用私人水井等非管制水源、孕期居住地稳定且为单胎妊娠的孕妇。新罕布什尔州部分地区存在天然地质成因的砷污染,尤其体现在饮用井水砷含量可能偏高的风险。据相关文献[8],超过十分之一的家庭拥有超过美国环境保护署推荐最高10μg/L砷含量的饮用水井,主要源自基岩中砷的自然溶解。NHBCS通过了达特茅斯学院人类受试者保护委员会的批准(伦理审查号:STUDY00020844),所有参与者均签署知情同意书。
本研究数据来源于NHBCS 2012年2月至2013年9月期间招募的343对母婴。在研究对象的筛选中,我们按照以下标准逐步纳入合格样本:首先排除胎盘组织砷含量数据缺失的样本(n=58);其次剔除新生儿出生体重数据缺失的母婴对(n=3);最后排除母亲BMI和妊娠期糖尿病信息不全的样本(n=12)。经过上述筛选流程,最终纳入分析的合格样本共包含270对母婴,其中男婴139例,女婴131例。
胎盘组织砷(As)浓度检测的样本采集于分娩后胎儿侧脐带插入处附近的胎盘组织,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)定量测定娩出胎盘组织的As暴露水平。对于低于检测限的样本值,则采用检出限/表示其含量。随后将重金属测定值对数转换(log10)进行后续分析。
NHBCS队列通过明尼苏达大学基因组学中心的Illumina Infinium Human Methylation450K芯片对胎盘组织中大约486 000个CpG位点的甲基化状态进行测量。原始数据可通过高通量基因表达(gene expression omnibus,GEO)数据库,检索号GSE71678获得。随后,删除位于性染色体上的探针、包含单核苷酸多态性( single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP)以及检测P>0.01的探针。基于加州大学圣克鲁兹分校(University of California Santa Cruz,UCSC)提供的基因组数据库对DNAm位点进行注释后,最终纳入265 662个具有明确基因注释信息的位点进行后续分析。
基于既往研究对协变量的选择[8],本研究从产妇临床病历中系统提取了新生儿出生体重及相关协变量数据。收集的协变量包括:母亲孕龄、孕前体重指数(BMI)、妊娠期糖尿病(gestational diabetes mellitus, GDM)诊断情况、胎儿胎龄、新生儿性别以及胎盘组织细胞组成。胎盘组织细胞成分通过EpiDISH包估计六种细胞成分的比例[9],分别为:滋养细胞、基质细胞、霍夫鲍尔细胞、内皮细胞、有核红细胞和合体滋养细胞。
本研究中所有统计分析均使用R 4.3.2进行,对于分类变量,以频数(n)及其频率(%)的形式呈现,采用χ2检验进行组间比较;对于正态分布的连续变量,用均数±标准差即()表示,组间比较采用t检验;对于非正态分布的连续变量,则以中位数及其四分位间距即M (P25,P75)进行描述,采用Mann-Whitney U检验进行两组间比较。所有检验均采用双侧检验,检验水准α=0.05。
为探讨DNAm在孕期砷暴露与新生儿出生体重处于不同分位数水平下所发挥的潜在中介效应(中介效应模型如图1所示),采取以下分析流程:(1)首先,使用QCSIS(Quantile Correlation-Sure Independence Screening)方法初步筛选与出生体重相关较强的前2d个DNAm位点[10],其中;然后,基于Li等人的边际分位数筛选思想[11],对上述2d个DNAm位点依次进行边际分位数回归分析,所选取的分位数点(τ)分别为0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5、0.6、0.7、0.8以及0.9。通过评估各DNAm位点在不同出生体重分位数水平下回归系数,最终筛选出回归系数绝对值较大的前d个DNAm位点;(2)其次,针对上一步筛选出的d个DNAm位点,运用rqPen包进行分位数惩罚估计分析。具体采用十折交叉验证(10-fold CV)选择最优惩罚参数进行惩罚估计,通过该惩罚过程,筛选出回归系数不为零的DNAm位点,将其作为下一步检验的候选DNAm位点,其中胎盘组织砷浓度与协变量一同校正;(3)最后,运用mediation包对上述筛选出的所有DNAm位点调整母亲孕龄等协变量后逐一进行中介分析[12],评估这些DNAm位点在孕期砷暴露与不同分位数出生体重的中介效应。其中设置Bootstrap法重复抽样1 000次,检验水准α=0.05。
本研究共纳入270对母婴,其中男婴139例(51.5%),女婴131例(48.5%)。统计结果显示,不同性别新生儿间仅出生体重存在差异(P<0.05),其中男婴出生体重高于女婴。这表明在本研究中,新生儿的性别未与胎盘砷含量及其他主要母婴基线特征形成显著关联。详见表1。
在调整了母亲孕龄、孕前BMI、妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)、胎龄、新生儿性别和胎盘组织细胞亚型比例后,在9个不同的分位数下,从265 662个CpG位点中共筛选出284个与新生儿出生体重显著相关的位点,分别进行中介效应分析,分析结果见表2。结果显示,共在8个不同出生体重分位数水平下,识别出的14个具有中介效应的CpG位点,其对应的基因信息详见表3。此外,胎盘组织砷浓度(按中位数分为高、低暴露组)与出生体重(三分位数划分为低、中、高组)分层下,14个CpG位点的DNA甲基化水平分布情况见图2。
根据出生体重的分布,大致将分位数划分为三组:低出生体重组(τє{0.2,0.3,0.4}):识别出3个具有中介效应的CpG位点(cg10273420-ZNF487、cg17524924-ZNF542、cg08851782-CAND2)。其中,位于ZNF542基因的cg17524924位点在τ=0.3(ACME:-14.311,P=0.016)和τ=0.4(ACME:-12.946,P=0.016)均具有统计学意义的中介效应,提示该基因可能在孕期砷暴露与新生儿低出生体重的关联中起重要作用;正常出生体重组(τє{0.5,0.6}):发现3个CpG位点(cg02158978-FBRSL1、cg06884882-ARMH1、cg10666406-LPP)存在中介效应;高出生体重组(τє{0.7,0.8,0.9}):共识别出8个中介CpG位点(cg20843052-SANBR、cg13486410-NDNF、cg08683249-RSPH9、cg20050826-KRT72、cg04086928-RAPGEF1、cg23530245-TMEM123、cg16045271-PLXNA2、cg00129556-FRS3),其中位于NDNF基因的cg13486410位点表现出正向中介效应(τ=0.7,ACME:14.041,P=0.030),提示该CpG位点的甲基化改变可能通过特定的表观遗传调控机制,部分抵消了孕期砷暴露对新生儿出生体重的负面影响。
本研究采用分位数中介模型,探讨了胎盘DNAm在砷暴露与新生儿出生体重关联中的中介效应,并揭示不同出生体重分位数下特异的表观遗传调控机制,为阐明砷导致不良出生结局的作用途径提供新见解。
研究结果显示,在8个不同出生体重分位数水平下共识别出14个具有统计学意义的中介效应的DNAm位点。这些位点表现出明显的分位数特异性调控模式:位于ZNF542基因的cg17524924位点介导了砷暴露与低出生体重之间的负向关联;而位于神经营养因子NDNF基因的cg13486410位点则通过其甲基化变化部分抵消了砷暴露对新生儿出生体重的负面影响,这一发现提示不同功能基因的表观遗传调控可能在砷暴露与出生体重关联中发挥双向调节作用。
具体而言,低出生体重组(τ≤0.4)富集的cg10273420-ZNF487与cg17524924-ZNF542均位于KRAB-ZNF基因簇。既往研究显示,砷暴露可特异性下调ZNF基因表达[13],而KRAB-ZFPs通过DNA甲基化参与调控早期胚胎发育[14]。而位于ZNF542基因的cg17524924位点在多个分位数(τ=0.3和τ=0.4)均存在中介效应,提示KRAB-ZNF基因簇的表观遗传调控异常可能是砷暴露致低出生体重的关键机制。此外,虽然CAND2基因与砷暴露的关联尚未见报道,但其作为肥胖易感基因可能通过代谢调控影响胎儿发育[15],值得进一步研究。
在正常出生体重组(τє{0.5,0.6})中,我们发现3个CpG位点(cg02158978-FBRSL1、cg06884882-ARMH1、cg10666406-LPP)存在中介效应。FBRSL1作为已知的胎内砷暴露敏感基因[16],本研究进一步证实其参与砷暴露致胚胎发育轻微毒性的机制。值得注意的是,本研究首次发现砷暴露可能通过分位数特异性的方式调控ARMH1和LPP基因甲基化影响出生体重。ARMH1通过脂肪酸合成和细胞周期调控细胞增殖[17],而LPP编码的黏附蛋白对胚胎发育和妊娠维持至关重要[18]。这表明,砷暴露可能通过表观遗传调控ARMH1干扰细胞增殖,并通过LPP介导的黏附功能影响胎盘营养交换,从而对胎儿生长产生轻微影响。
在高出生体重组(τє{0.5,0.6})中发现的8个CpG位点可能通过多种机制调控砷暴露对胎儿生长的影响。其中,NDNF、RAPGEF1、PLXNA2、FRS3四种基因均参与神经发育过程[19-22]。NDNF具有促血管生成作用,可能通过调节血管发育影响胎儿生长。有研究表明[23],砷暴露可通过抑制TET酶活性干扰PDGFB基因的甲基化与羟甲基化状态,从而下调PDGFB的表达,最终导致胎盘血管直径减小、数量减少,引发胎儿生长受限。尽管目前尚无直接证据表明cg13486410位点的甲基化上调NDNF表达以抵消砷暴露的负面影响,但其促血管生成的功能提示该位点高甲基化可能通过增强NDNF表达,部分缓解砷暴露对胎盘血管生成的抑制,从而减轻其对出生体重的负面影响。PLXNA2和RAPGEF1可能通过调控血管导向信号影响胎盘血管稳态,因有研究表明PLXNA2参与心血管系统发育[24],而RAPGEF1的旁系同源物RapGEF2中富集造血通路并参与胎儿器官发育[25]。SANBR基因作为类别转换重组(Class Switch Recombination)的负调节因子[26],其cg20843052位点的中介效应提示砷可能通过下调SANBR表达,解除对NF-κB的抑制,进而增强胎盘炎症反应和血管生成。RSPH9基因与纤毛功能相关[27],推测砷可能通过影响滋养层纤毛结构微调胎盘养分分配,进而调控胎儿过度生长。针对其余位点(如cg20050826-KRT72、cg23530245-TMEM123),目前尚未有相关报道表明其与砷暴露、其他重金属暴露、生长发育以及出生体重之间存在关联。但基于现有研究,仍能从中挖掘出一些潜在的关联线索。KRT72作为结构蛋白,其所在区域与体重数量性状位点存在关联[28];TMEM123则可能通过影响树突状细胞成熟参与免疫调节[29]。这些发现为理解砷暴露影响胎儿生长的表观遗传机制提供了新的线索。
本研究存在一定的局限性:首先,本研究虽然调整了细胞类型比例等协变量,但仍未能完全排除其他潜在混杂因素的干扰。例如,分娩方式、其他环境污染物(如铅、镉等)的共暴露,可能通过相关暴露途径对出生结局产生潜在的混杂干扰;其次,样本量较少可能导致直接效应与总效应无统计学意义,且在条件分布的极端分位点(如τ=0.1)并没有识别出有显著中介效应的位点,提示可能统计效能仍然有限。本研究发现的特异性CpG位点应被视为初步的、提示性的关联,其稳健性及精确效应值有待在更大规模的独立队列中加以验证,后续我们也将整合多源多平台数据,通过扩大样本量以及覆盖更全面的协变量信息提升统计效力与结论稳健性;最后,目前部分基因位点尚缺乏实验证据支持,其调控胎儿生长发育的具体机制仍需进一步阐明。未来的研究可从两方面展开:一是在独立人群队列中验证候选CpG位点的可重复性及其中介效应;二是借助表观基因组编辑等细胞模型及孕期砷暴露动物实验,在功能层面系统阐述这些位点的甲基化状态如何调控基因表达,并最终影响胎儿生长发育相关表型。
综上所述,本研究揭示了DNA甲基化在孕期砷暴露与新生儿出生体重关联中的分位数特异性中介作用。低出生体重组和高出生体重组表现出不同的表观遗传调控机制:砷暴露对低出生体重组的影响主要与KRAB-ZNF基因簇的表观遗传调控异常相关,而高出生体重组则涉及神经发育、血管生成和免疫相关基因的甲基化改变。这些发现为砷暴露影响胎儿生长的机制提供了新见解,并为基于出生体重分层的精准干预策略奠定了理论基础,对预防砷暴露的不良健康效应具有重要意义。
  • 国家自然科学基金(82204164)
  • 中国博士后科学基金(2021M691990)
  • 山西省基础研究计划(20210302124409)
  • 山西医科大学校级博士启动基金(XD2026)
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2026年第53卷第6期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202508317
  • 接收时间:2025-08-21
  • 首发时间:2026-11-02
  • 出版时间:2026-03-25
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  • 收稿日期:2025-08-21
基金
国家自然科学基金(82204164)
中国博士后科学基金(2021M691990)
山西省基础研究计划(20210302124409)
山西医科大学校级博士启动基金(XD2026)
作者信息
    1.山西医科大学公共卫生学院卫生统计学教研室,山西 太原 030001
    2.煤炭环境致病与防治教育部重点实验室
    3.重大疾病风险评估山西省重点实验室

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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