Article(id=1324051047651615531, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1324050876230415089, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202510141, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1760112000000, receivedDateStr=2025-10-11, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793607969439, onlineDateStr=2026-11-02, pubDate=1781020800000, pubDateStr=2026-06-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793607969439, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-11-02, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793607969439, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793607969439, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1324050876230415089, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2026', volume='53', issue='11', pageStart='1921', pageEnd='2112', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1781020800000', pubDateStr='2026-06-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793607928569, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793670049253, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1324311429322507008, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1324050876230415089, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1324311429322507009, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1324050876230415089, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=2095, endPage=2102, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1324051049245451052, articleId=1324051047651615531, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Associations of complete blood count-derived inflammation indices with osteoporotic fracture in patients with osteoporosis, columnId=1228016569138213037, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Clinical Medicine and Prevention, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To explore the association between different complete blood count (CBC)-derived inflammation indices and the risk of osteoporotic fracture.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was performed based on clinical data from 3 560 patients hospitalized in the Department of Osteoporosis at West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University. Based on the presence or absence of osteoporotic fracture, the patients were classified into cases and controls. Binary logistic regression, restricted cubic splines, and subgroup analyses were employed to examine the associations of neutrophil / lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte /lymphocyte ratio (MLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), the product of platelet count and neutrophil count (PPN), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), aggregate index of systemic inflammation (AISI) and systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) with fracture. The performance of the model was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic curve.

Results

Levels of NLR, MLR, SII, AISI, and SIRI were higher in the case group compared to the control group (P<0.05). After adjusting for age, sex, BMI, bone density, diabetes, coronary heart disease, hypertension and C-reactive protein (CRP), PPN was negatively associated with osteoporotic fracture risk (OR=0.93, 95% CI: 0.86-1.00). Subgroup analysis revealed that the negative association between PPN and osteoporotic fracture was predominantly observed in women and non-diabetic patients. Among patients with diabetes, MLR (OR=1.47, 95% CI: 1.15-1.88), NLR (OR=1.24, 95% CI: 1.00-1.54), and SIRI (OR=1.37, 95% CI: 1.07-1.74) were significantly positively correlated with osteoporotic fracture risk. The incorporation of MLR, NLR, and SIRI into the traditional risk factor model significantly improved its discriminatory ability.

Conclusion

Elevated PPN levels are associated with a reduced fracture risk in patients with osteoporosis, suggesting that PPN may be a potential protective factor. Among patients with comorbid diabetes, NLR, MLR, and SIRI were significant risk factors and provided valuable incremental information, improving the discriminative ability of the model. This study suggests that CBC-derived inflammation indices can serve as a useful supplement for fracture risk assessment and assist in the early identification and stratification of high-risk populations.

, authors=Ting LIU, Zi-hao LI, Hong-xia XIA, Yang-dan ZHONG, Mao-yao XIA, Ye JU, Zi-lan CHEN, Yu-qi PANG, Xia JIANG, Xue FAN, authorsList=Ting LIU, Zi-hao LI, Hong-xia XIA, Yang-dan ZHONG, Mao-yao XIA, Ye JU, Zi-lan CHEN, Yu-qi PANG, Xia JIANG, Xue FAN, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Xue FAN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1324051050570851125, articleId=1324051047651615531, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=CN, title=全血衍生炎症指数与骨质疏松症患者骨折的关联, columnId=1228016570119680182, journalTitle=现代预防医学, columnName=临床与预防, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

探讨不同全血细胞计数衍生的炎症指数与骨质疏松性骨折的关联。

方法

回顾性分析四川大学华西第四医院骨质疏松科住院的3 560例患者临床资料,根据其是否发生骨质疏松性骨折,分为病例组和对照组。采用二分类logistic回归模型、限制性立方样条、亚组分析探索中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值(neutrophil / lymphocyte ratio,NLR)、单核细胞/淋巴细胞比值(monocyte / lymphocyte ratio,MLR)、血小板/淋巴细胞比值(platelet/lymphocyte ratio,PLR)、血小板计数与中性粒细胞计数乘积(product of platelet count and neutrophil count,PPN)、全身免疫炎症指数(systemic immune-inflammation index,SII)、全身炎症综合指数(aggregate index of systemic inflammation,AISI)和全身炎症反应指数(systemic inflammatory response index,SIRI)与骨折的关联,利用受试者工作特征曲线评估模型性能。

结果

病例组NLR、MLR、SII、AISI和SIRI水平均高于对照组(P<0.05)。调整年龄、性别、身体质量指数、骨密度、糖尿病、冠心病、高血压及C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)后,PPN与骨折风险呈负相关(OR=0.93,95%CI:0.86~1.00),且亚组分析提示其负相关主要存在于女性和未合并糖尿病的患者中。在合并糖尿病的患者中,MLR(OR=1.47,95%CI:1.15~1.88)、NLR(OR=1.24,95%CI:1.00~1.54)和SIRI(OR=1.37,95%CI:1.07~1.74)与骨折风险呈显著正相关;将MLR、NLR、SIRI纳入传统危险因素模型后,模型区分能力显著增强。

结论

PPN水平升高与骨质疏松症患者骨折风险降低相关,提示其可能是潜在保护因素。在合并糖尿病的患者中,NLR、MLR和SIRI是显著危险因素,并提供有价值的增量信息,提升模型的区分能力。本研究提示全血细胞计数衍生炎症指数可作为骨折风险评估的有益补充,有助于高危人群的早期识别和分层管理。

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刘婷(2000—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:营养与疾病

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范雪,E-mail:
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BMC Women's Health, 2023, 23(1): 487., articleTitle=Association of inflammatory markers with all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis or osteopenia, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324051062512034709, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051047651615531, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=32, issue=3, pageStart=425, pageEnd=435, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=14, authorNames=Mun H, Liu B, Pham THA, journalName=Osteoporosis International : a Journal Established as Result of Cooperation Between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Mun H, Liu B, Pham THA, et al. C-reactive protein and fracture risk: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies through the use of both frequentist and Bayesian approaches[J]. Osteoporosis International : a Journal Established as Result of Cooperation Between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA, 2021, 32(3): 425-435., articleTitle=C-reactive protein and fracture risk: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies through the use of both frequentist and Bayesian approaches, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324051062583337878, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051047651615531, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=12, issue=11, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=15, authorNames=Gou Y, Xie X, Yin H, journalName=Immunity Inflammation and Disease, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Gou Y, Xie X, Yin H, et al. Association between inflammation-related indicators and vertebral fracture in older adults in the United States: A cross-sectional study based on National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2014[J]. Immunity Inflammation and Disease, 2024, 12(11): e70047., articleTitle=Association between inflammation-related indicators and vertebral fracture in older adults in the United States: A cross-sectional study based on National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2014, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324051062667223959, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051047651615531, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=40, issue=6, pageStart=811, pageEnd=820, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=16, authorNames=Ha J, Ono M, Zhu H, journalName=Endocrinol Metab (Seoul), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ha J, Ono M, Zhu H, et al. Complete blood count parameters and bone health: clinical and experimental evidence[J]. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul), 2025, 40(6): 811-820., articleTitle=Complete blood count parameters and bone health: clinical and experimental evidence, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324051062742721432, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051047651615531, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=12, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=17, authorNames=Zamora C, Cantó E, Vidal S, journalName=Frontiers in Immunology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zamora C, Cantó E, Vidal S. The dual role of platelets in the cardiovascular risk of chronic inflammation[J]. Frontiers in Immunology, 2021, 12: 625181., articleTitle=The dual role of platelets in the cardiovascular risk of chronic inflammation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324051062814024601, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051047651615531, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=9, issue=5, pageStart=223, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=18, authorNames=Shakoor S, Kibble E, El-Jawhari JJ, journalName=Bioengineering-Basel, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Shakoor S, Kibble E, El-Jawhari JJ. Bioengineering approaches for delivering growth factors: a focus on bone and cartilage regeneration[J]. Bioengineering-Basel, 2022, 9(5): 223., articleTitle=Bioengineering approaches for delivering growth factors: a focus on bone and cartilage regeneration, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324051062885327770, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051047651615531, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=106, issue=9, pageStart=e3449, pageEnd=e3460, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=19, authorNames=Kim JA, Sung LJ, Song E, journalName=Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Kim JA, Sung LJ, Song E, et al. Association between Visit-to-Visit fasting plasma glucose variability and osteoporotic fractures in nondiabetic subjects[J]. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2021, 106(9): e3449-e3460., articleTitle=Association between Visit-to-Visit fasting plasma glucose variability and osteoporotic fractures in nondiabetic subjects, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324051062960825243, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051047651615531, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=2025, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=20, authorNames=Chen FH, Wang P, Dai F, journalName=International Journal of Endocrinology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Chen FH, Wang P, Dai F, et al. Correlation between blood glucose fluctuations and osteoporosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus[J]. International Journal of Endocrinology, 2025, 2025: 8889420., articleTitle=Correlation between blood glucose fluctuations and osteoporosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324051063027934108, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051047651615531, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=31, issue=10, pageStart=1955, pageEnd=1964, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=21, authorNames=Lui DTW, Lee CH, Chan YH, journalName=Osteoporosis International : a Journal Established as Result of Cooperation Between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Lui DTW, Lee CH, Chan YH, et al. HbA1c variability, in addition to mean HbA1c, predicts incident hip fractures in Chinese People with type 2 diabetes[J]. Osteoporosis International : a Journal Established as Result of Cooperation Between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA, 2020, 31(10): 1955-1964., articleTitle=HbA1c variability, in addition to mean HbA1c, predicts incident hip fractures in Chinese People with type 2 diabetes, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1324051059412444036, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051047651615531, awardId=2023YFC3606300, language=CN, fundingSource=国家重点研发计划(2023YFC3606300), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1324051059483747205, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051047651615531, awardId=2024NSFTD0030, language=CN, fundingSource=四川省科技厅自然科学基金创新研究群体(2024NSFTD0030), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1324051059567633286, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051047651615531, awardId=2023SY-03, language=CN, fundingSource=四川大学华西公共卫生学院(华西第四医院)实验学科振兴计划(2023SY-03), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1324051050797343542, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051047651615531, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324051050801537847, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051047651615531, companyId=1324051050797343542, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324051050814120760, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051047651615531, companyId=1324051050797343542, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川 成都 610041)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1324051056228967283, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051047651615531, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Flow chart of inclusion and exclusion of subjects in the study, figureFileSmall=09lJtj7MBcNX7jTUp12Yzg==, figureFileBig=MHOSgHcQtchSiEZLv5d+hg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324051056329630580, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051047651615531, language=CN, label=图1, caption=研究对象纳入排除流程图, figureFileSmall=09lJtj7MBcNX7jTUp12Yzg==, figureFileBig=MHOSgHcQtchSiEZLv5d+hg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324051058191901558, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051047651615531, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=Restricted cubic spline curves between various CBC-DII and osteoporotic fracture, figureFileSmall=tfvgDpuC1iH7+xExoNf/Eg==, figureFileBig=OErue0OS35Yz88SqorxEkA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324051058259010423, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051047651615531, language=CN, label=图2, caption=不同CBC-DII与骨质疏松性骨折的RCS曲线

注:图A~G分别为PPN、MLR、NLR、PLR、SII、AISI和SIRI与骨质疏松性骨折风险的RCS图。

, figureFileSmall=tfvgDpuC1iH7+xExoNf/Eg==, figureFileBig=OErue0OS35Yz88SqorxEkA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324051058330313592, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051047651615531, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=Forest plots for subgroup analysis of the association between various CBC-DII and osteoporotic fracture, figureFileSmall=RvJoaNjrouSitugXQ2gCEg==, figureFileBig=SEwco3PcpYuXHngJZKLNgg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324051058401616761, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051047651615531, language=CN, label=图3, caption=不同CBC-DII与骨质疏松性骨折关联的亚组分析森林图

注:男性样本量有限,性别亚组分析仅针对女性进行。

, figureFileSmall=RvJoaNjrouSitugXQ2gCEg==, figureFileBig=SEwco3PcpYuXHngJZKLNgg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324051058481308538, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051047651615531, language=EN, label=Figure 4, caption=ROC curves of the total population and the subgroup with diabetes, figureFileSmall=avD/kIToPZMzDH1dLuozoA==, figureFileBig=8s6NGF5GpDpX4uZ9oQIRfw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324051058552611707, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051047651615531, language=CN, label=图4, caption=全人群和糖尿病亚组的ROC曲线

注:A为全人群;B为糖尿病亚组。

, figureFileSmall=avD/kIToPZMzDH1dLuozoA==, figureFileBig=8s6NGF5GpDpX4uZ9oQIRfw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324051058615526268, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051047651615531, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Basic characteristics of participants [M (P25,P75),n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量总体
(n=3 560)
骨质疏松性骨折
(n=1 689)
单纯骨质疏松
(n=1 871)
统计值
(U/χ2)
P值
年龄(岁)69.00 (62.00, 76.00)73.00 (66.00, 79.00)66.00 (59.00, 73.00)986 813.500<0.001
性别1.5930.207
男276 (7.8)141 (8.3)135 (7.2)
女3 284 (92.2)1 548 (91.7)1 736 (92.8)
身高(cm)152.00 (148.00, 157.00)151.00 (146.00, 156.00)153.00 (149.00, 157.00)185 685 2.500<0.001
体重(kg)55.00 (49.50, 61.00)54.70 (49.00, 60.00)55.00 (50.00, 61.00)166 949 8.0000.003
BMI(kg/m2)23.60 (21.50, 26.00)23.70 (21.70, 26.10)23.40 (21.40, 25.90)150 116 4.0000.010
腰椎骨密度 (g/cm2)0.84 (0.75, 0.95)0.81 (0.72, 0.92)0.86 (0.77, 0.97)187 614 3.000<0.001
股骨颈骨密度(g/cm2)0.69 (0.62, 0.77)0.66 (0.59, 0.74)0.72 (0.66, 0.80)204 191 1.500<0.001
糖尿病27.236<0.001
是423 (11.9)251 (14.9)172 (9.2)
否3 137 (88.1)1 438 (85.1)1 699 (90.8)
冠心病56.108<0.001
是1 092 (30.7)621 (36.8)471 (25.2)
否2 468 (69.3)1 068 (63.2)1 400 (74.8)
高血压53.968<0.001
是1 126 (31.6)636 (37.7)490 (26.2)
否2 434 (68.4)1 053 (62.3)1 381 (73.8)
中性粒细胞计数(109/L)3.15 (2.54, 3.87)3.19 (2.57, 3.94)3.12 (2.51, 3.82)150 896 4.0000.020
单核细胞计数(109/L)0.31 (0.25, 0.39)0.33 (0.26, 0.41)0.30 (0.25, 0.38)143 268 1.000<0.001
血小板计数(109/L)185.00(150.00, 224.50)183.00(148.00, 222.00)188.00(152.00, 227.00)165 188 1.0000.019
淋巴细胞计数(109/L)1.72 (1.38, 2.10)1.68 (1.33, 2.07)1.75 (1.42, 2.13)169 696 4.000<0.001
CRP (mg/L)1.26 (1.03, 2.54)1.25 (1.17, 3.13)1.26 (0.94, 2.07)149 834 4.5000.007
CBC-DII
NLR1.84 (1.39, 2.42)1.91 (1.44, 2.54)1.77 (1.36, 2.34)143 561 7.500<0.001
MLR0.18 (0.14, 0.24)0.19 (0.15, 0.25)0.17 (0.14, 0.23)135 572 1.000<0.001
PLR107.80
(83.73, 138.73)
108.43
(84.23, 141.41)
106.59
(83.23, 136.61)
153 149 3.0000.113
PPN571.09
(406.89, 804.96)
571.20
(403.92, 812.82)
571.05
(408.00, 794.64)
157 829 1.0000.954
SII334.63
(237.68, 468.97)
339.30
(245.02, 487.00)
330.76
(233.89, 458.55)
150 899 2.0000.020
AISI106.22
(66.92, 166.24)
111.53
(68.71, 177.28)
100.93
(65.49, 157.13)
146 289 0.500<0.001
SIRI0.58 (0.40, 0.85)0.61 (0.41, 0.92)0.54 (0.38, 0.80)139 861 4.000<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1324051058753938301, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051047651615531, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

研究对象基本特征[M(P25,P75),n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量总体
(n=3 560)
骨质疏松性骨折
(n=1 689)
单纯骨质疏松
(n=1 871)
统计值
(U/χ2)
P值
年龄(岁)69.00 (62.00, 76.00)73.00 (66.00, 79.00)66.00 (59.00, 73.00)986 813.500<0.001
性别1.5930.207
男276 (7.8)141 (8.3)135 (7.2)
女3 284 (92.2)1 548 (91.7)1 736 (92.8)
身高(cm)152.00 (148.00, 157.00)151.00 (146.00, 156.00)153.00 (149.00, 157.00)185 685 2.500<0.001
体重(kg)55.00 (49.50, 61.00)54.70 (49.00, 60.00)55.00 (50.00, 61.00)166 949 8.0000.003
BMI(kg/m2)23.60 (21.50, 26.00)23.70 (21.70, 26.10)23.40 (21.40, 25.90)150 116 4.0000.010
腰椎骨密度 (g/cm2)0.84 (0.75, 0.95)0.81 (0.72, 0.92)0.86 (0.77, 0.97)187 614 3.000<0.001
股骨颈骨密度(g/cm2)0.69 (0.62, 0.77)0.66 (0.59, 0.74)0.72 (0.66, 0.80)204 191 1.500<0.001
糖尿病27.236<0.001
是423 (11.9)251 (14.9)172 (9.2)
否3 137 (88.1)1 438 (85.1)1 699 (90.8)
冠心病56.108<0.001
是1 092 (30.7)621 (36.8)471 (25.2)
否2 468 (69.3)1 068 (63.2)1 400 (74.8)
高血压53.968<0.001
是1 126 (31.6)636 (37.7)490 (26.2)
否2 434 (68.4)1 053 (62.3)1 381 (73.8)
中性粒细胞计数(109/L)3.15 (2.54, 3.87)3.19 (2.57, 3.94)3.12 (2.51, 3.82)150 896 4.0000.020
单核细胞计数(109/L)0.31 (0.25, 0.39)0.33 (0.26, 0.41)0.30 (0.25, 0.38)143 268 1.000<0.001
血小板计数(109/L)185.00(150.00, 224.50)183.00(148.00, 222.00)188.00(152.00, 227.00)165 188 1.0000.019
淋巴细胞计数(109/L)1.72 (1.38, 2.10)1.68 (1.33, 2.07)1.75 (1.42, 2.13)169 696 4.000<0.001
CRP (mg/L)1.26 (1.03, 2.54)1.25 (1.17, 3.13)1.26 (0.94, 2.07)149 834 4.5000.007
CBC-DII
NLR1.84 (1.39, 2.42)1.91 (1.44, 2.54)1.77 (1.36, 2.34)143 561 7.500<0.001
MLR0.18 (0.14, 0.24)0.19 (0.15, 0.25)0.17 (0.14, 0.23)135 572 1.000<0.001
PLR107.80
(83.73, 138.73)
108.43
(84.23, 141.41)
106.59
(83.23, 136.61)
153 149 3.0000.113
PPN571.09
(406.89, 804.96)
571.20
(403.92, 812.82)
571.05
(408.00, 794.64)
157 829 1.0000.954
SII334.63
(237.68, 468.97)
339.30
(245.02, 487.00)
330.76
(233.89, 458.55)
150 899 2.0000.020
AISI106.22
(66.92, 166.24)
111.53
(68.71, 177.28)
100.93
(65.49, 157.13)
146 289 0.500<0.001
SIRI0.58 (0.40, 0.85)0.61 (0.41, 0.92)0.54 (0.38, 0.80)139 861 4.000<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1324051058850407294, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051047651615531, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Association between various CBC-DII and osteoporotic fracture

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标单因素分析多因素分析
OR (95%CI)P值基础模型a全模型b
OR (95%CI)P值OR (95%CI)P值
ln-NLR1.18 (1.11~1.26)<0.0011.04 (0.97~1.12)0.3131.04 (0.97~1.12)0.299
ln-MLR1.30 (1.22~1.39)<0.0011.05 (0.98~1.13)0.1901.05 (0.98~1.14)0.179
ln-PLR1.06 (0.99~1.13)0.0731.04 (0.97~1.12)0.2741.04 (0.97~1.12)0.267
ln-PPN1.01 (0.95~1.08)0.7540.93 (0.87~1.00)0.0560.93 (0.86~1.00)0.049
ln-SII1.10 (1.03~1.18)0.0051.00 (0.93~1.07)0.9351.00 (0.92~1.07)0.939
ln-AISI1.16 (1.08~1.24)<0.0010.97 (0.90~1.05)0.4450.97 (0.90~1.05)0.431
ln-SIRI1.24 (1.16~1.32)<0.0011.00 (0.92~1.07)0.9301.00 (0.92~1.08)0.935
), ArticleFig(id=1324051058930099071, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051047651615531, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

不同CBC-DII与骨质疏松性骨折的关联

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标单因素分析多因素分析
OR (95%CI)P值基础模型a全模型b
OR (95%CI)P值OR (95%CI)P值
ln-NLR1.18 (1.11~1.26)<0.0011.04 (0.97~1.12)0.3131.04 (0.97~1.12)0.299
ln-MLR1.30 (1.22~1.39)<0.0011.05 (0.98~1.13)0.1901.05 (0.98~1.14)0.179
ln-PLR1.06 (0.99~1.13)0.0731.04 (0.97~1.12)0.2741.04 (0.97~1.12)0.267
ln-PPN1.01 (0.95~1.08)0.7540.93 (0.87~1.00)0.0560.93 (0.86~1.00)0.049
ln-SII1.10 (1.03~1.18)0.0051.00 (0.93~1.07)0.9351.00 (0.92~1.07)0.939
ln-AISI1.16 (1.08~1.24)<0.0010.97 (0.90~1.05)0.4450.97 (0.90~1.05)0.431
ln-SIRI1.24 (1.16~1.32)<0.0011.00 (0.92~1.07)0.9301.00 (0.92~1.08)0.935
), ArticleFig(id=1324051059009790848, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051047651615531, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Association between various CBC-DII and osteoporotic fracture by quartiles

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标指标范围基础模型全模型
OR (95%CI)P值OR (95%CI)P值
ln-NLR
Q1≤0.331.00—1.00—
Q2>0.33~0.611.06 (0.87~1.30)0.5561.06 (0.87~1.30)0.553
Q3>0.61~0.881.10 (0.90~1.35)0.3491.10 (0.90~1.35)0.345
Q4>0.881.06 (0.87~1.30)0.5621.07 (0.86~1.31)0.553
ln-MLR
Q1≤-1.971.00—1.00—
Q2>-1.97~ -1.711.06 (0.87~1.30)0.5511.06 (0.87~1.30)0.549
Q3>-1.71~ -1.430.97 (0.79~1.19)0.7380.97 (0.79~1.19)0.747
Q4>-1.431.14 (0.93~1.41)0.2121.15 (0.93~1.43)0.201
ln-PLR
Q1≤4.431.00—1.00—
Q2>4.43~4.681.07 (0.87~1.31)0.5111.07 (0.87~1.31)0.511
Q3>4.68~4.931.01 (0.83~1.24)0.9041.01 (0.83~1.24)0.898
Q4>4.931.14 (0.93~1.39)0.2121.14 (0.93~1.40)0.207
ln-PPN
Q1≤6.011.00—1.00—
Q2>6.01~6.350.88 (0.72~1.07)0.2060.88 (0.72~1.07)0.199
Q3>6.35~6.690.82 (0.67~1.00)0.0480.81 (0.66~0.99)0.044
Q4>6.690.82 (0.67~1.00)0.0510.81 (0.66~1.00)0.046
ln-SII
Q1≤5.471.00—1.00—
Q2>5.47~5.811.03 (0.84~1.26)0.7661.03 (0.84~1.26)0.765
Q3>5.81~6.150.92 (0.75~1.12)0.3930.92 (0.75~1.12)0.398
Q4>6.151.02 (0.83~1.25)0.8641.02 (0.83~1.26)0.859
ln-AISI
Q1≤4.201.00—1.00—
Q2>4.20~4.670.85 (0.69~1.04)0.1120.85 (0.69~1.04)0.110
Q3>4.67~5.110.92 (0.75~1.12)0.4090.92 (0.75~1.12)0.396
Q4>5.110.86 (0.70~1.06)0.1540.85 (0.69~1.06)0.149
ln-SIRI
Q1≤-0.921.00—1.00—
Q2>-0.92~ -0.540.92 (0.75~1.13)0.4220.92 (0.75~1.13)0.423
Q3>-0.54~ -0.160.90 (0.73~1.10)0.3030.90 (0.73~1.10)0.307
Q4>-0.160.96 (0.78~1.19)0.7400.97 (0.78~1.20)0.751
), ArticleFig(id=1324051059127231361, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051047651615531, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

不同CBC-DII与骨质疏松性骨折的关联(四分类)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标指标范围基础模型全模型
OR (95%CI)P值OR (95%CI)P值
ln-NLR
Q1≤0.331.00—1.00—
Q2>0.33~0.611.06 (0.87~1.30)0.5561.06 (0.87~1.30)0.553
Q3>0.61~0.881.10 (0.90~1.35)0.3491.10 (0.90~1.35)0.345
Q4>0.881.06 (0.87~1.30)0.5621.07 (0.86~1.31)0.553
ln-MLR
Q1≤-1.971.00—1.00—
Q2>-1.97~ -1.711.06 (0.87~1.30)0.5511.06 (0.87~1.30)0.549
Q3>-1.71~ -1.430.97 (0.79~1.19)0.7380.97 (0.79~1.19)0.747
Q4>-1.431.14 (0.93~1.41)0.2121.15 (0.93~1.43)0.201
ln-PLR
Q1≤4.431.00—1.00—
Q2>4.43~4.681.07 (0.87~1.31)0.5111.07 (0.87~1.31)0.511
Q3>4.68~4.931.01 (0.83~1.24)0.9041.01 (0.83~1.24)0.898
Q4>4.931.14 (0.93~1.39)0.2121.14 (0.93~1.40)0.207
ln-PPN
Q1≤6.011.00—1.00—
Q2>6.01~6.350.88 (0.72~1.07)0.2060.88 (0.72~1.07)0.199
Q3>6.35~6.690.82 (0.67~1.00)0.0480.81 (0.66~0.99)0.044
Q4>6.690.82 (0.67~1.00)0.0510.81 (0.66~1.00)0.046
ln-SII
Q1≤5.471.00—1.00—
Q2>5.47~5.811.03 (0.84~1.26)0.7661.03 (0.84~1.26)0.765
Q3>5.81~6.150.92 (0.75~1.12)0.3930.92 (0.75~1.12)0.398
Q4>6.151.02 (0.83~1.25)0.8641.02 (0.83~1.26)0.859
ln-AISI
Q1≤4.201.00—1.00—
Q2>4.20~4.670.85 (0.69~1.04)0.1120.85 (0.69~1.04)0.110
Q3>4.67~5.110.92 (0.75~1.12)0.4090.92 (0.75~1.12)0.396
Q4>5.110.86 (0.70~1.06)0.1540.85 (0.69~1.06)0.149
ln-SIRI
Q1≤-0.921.00—1.00—
Q2>-0.92~ -0.540.92 (0.75~1.13)0.4220.92 (0.75~1.13)0.423
Q3>-0.54~ -0.160.90 (0.73~1.10)0.3030.90 (0.73~1.10)0.307
Q4>-0.160.96 (0.78~1.19)0.7400.97 (0.78~1.20)0.751
), ArticleFig(id=1324051059206923138, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051047651615531, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Improvement in model discrimination with different CBC-DII as assessed by IDI in the diabetes subgroup

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指标IDI (95%CI)P值
ln-MLR0.024 93 (0.010 09~0.038 69)<0.001
ln-NLR0.009 51 (0.000 99~0.018 89)0.037
ln-PPN-0.000 03 (-0.000 33~0.000 32)0.847
ln-SIRI0.016 27 (0.004 05~0.027 07)0.007
), ArticleFig(id=1324051059274032003, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051047651615531, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

基于IDI评估不同CBC-DII对模型区分能力的改善(糖尿病亚组)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标IDI (95%CI)P值
ln-MLR0.024 93 (0.010 09~0.038 69)<0.001
ln-NLR0.009 51 (0.000 99~0.018 89)0.037
ln-PPN-0.000 03 (-0.000 33~0.000 32)0.847
ln-SIRI0.016 27 (0.004 05~0.027 07)0.007
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全血衍生炎症指数与骨质疏松症患者骨折的关联
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刘婷 , 李子豪 , 夏红霞 , 钟扬丹 , 夏茂瑶 , 鞠晔 , 陈子岚 , 庞玉琦 , 姜侠 , 范雪
现代预防医学 | 临床与预防 2026,53(11): 2095-2102
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现代预防医学 |临床与预防 2026 , 53 (11) : 2095 -2102
全血衍生炎症指数与骨质疏松症患者骨折的关联
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刘婷(2000—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:营养与疾病

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刘婷(2000—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:营养与疾病

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刘婷, 李子豪, 夏红霞, 钟扬丹, 夏茂瑶, 鞠晔, 陈子岚, 庞玉琦, 姜侠, 范雪
作者信息
  • 四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川 成都 610041
通讯作者:
范雪,E-mail:
作者简介:

刘婷(2000—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:营养与疾病

Associations of complete blood count-derived inflammation indices with osteoporotic fracture in patients with osteoporosis
Ting LIU, Zi-hao LI, Hong-xia XIA, Yang-dan ZHONG, Mao-yao XIA, Ye JU, Zi-lan CHEN, Yu-qi PANG, Xia JIANG, Xue FAN
Affiliations
  • West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
出版时间: 2026-06-10 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202510141
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目的

探讨不同全血细胞计数衍生的炎症指数与骨质疏松性骨折的关联。

方法

回顾性分析四川大学华西第四医院骨质疏松科住院的3 560例患者临床资料,根据其是否发生骨质疏松性骨折,分为病例组和对照组。采用二分类logistic回归模型、限制性立方样条、亚组分析探索中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值(neutrophil / lymphocyte ratio,NLR)、单核细胞/淋巴细胞比值(monocyte / lymphocyte ratio,MLR)、血小板/淋巴细胞比值(platelet/lymphocyte ratio,PLR)、血小板计数与中性粒细胞计数乘积(product of platelet count and neutrophil count,PPN)、全身免疫炎症指数(systemic immune-inflammation index,SII)、全身炎症综合指数(aggregate index of systemic inflammation,AISI)和全身炎症反应指数(systemic inflammatory response index,SIRI)与骨折的关联,利用受试者工作特征曲线评估模型性能。

结果

病例组NLR、MLR、SII、AISI和SIRI水平均高于对照组(P<0.05)。调整年龄、性别、身体质量指数、骨密度、糖尿病、冠心病、高血压及C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)后,PPN与骨折风险呈负相关(OR=0.93,95%CI:0.86~1.00),且亚组分析提示其负相关主要存在于女性和未合并糖尿病的患者中。在合并糖尿病的患者中,MLR(OR=1.47,95%CI:1.15~1.88)、NLR(OR=1.24,95%CI:1.00~1.54)和SIRI(OR=1.37,95%CI:1.07~1.74)与骨折风险呈显著正相关;将MLR、NLR、SIRI纳入传统危险因素模型后,模型区分能力显著增强。

结论

PPN水平升高与骨质疏松症患者骨折风险降低相关,提示其可能是潜在保护因素。在合并糖尿病的患者中,NLR、MLR和SIRI是显著危险因素,并提供有价值的增量信息,提升模型的区分能力。本研究提示全血细胞计数衍生炎症指数可作为骨折风险评估的有益补充,有助于高危人群的早期识别和分层管理。

骨质疏松性骨折  /  骨质疏松症  /  全血细胞计数衍生炎症指数  /  糖尿病
Objective

To explore the association between different complete blood count (CBC)-derived inflammation indices and the risk of osteoporotic fracture.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was performed based on clinical data from 3 560 patients hospitalized in the Department of Osteoporosis at West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University. Based on the presence or absence of osteoporotic fracture, the patients were classified into cases and controls. Binary logistic regression, restricted cubic splines, and subgroup analyses were employed to examine the associations of neutrophil / lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte /lymphocyte ratio (MLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), the product of platelet count and neutrophil count (PPN), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), aggregate index of systemic inflammation (AISI) and systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) with fracture. The performance of the model was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic curve.

Results

Levels of NLR, MLR, SII, AISI, and SIRI were higher in the case group compared to the control group (P<0.05). After adjusting for age, sex, BMI, bone density, diabetes, coronary heart disease, hypertension and C-reactive protein (CRP), PPN was negatively associated with osteoporotic fracture risk (OR=0.93, 95% CI: 0.86-1.00). Subgroup analysis revealed that the negative association between PPN and osteoporotic fracture was predominantly observed in women and non-diabetic patients. Among patients with diabetes, MLR (OR=1.47, 95% CI: 1.15-1.88), NLR (OR=1.24, 95% CI: 1.00-1.54), and SIRI (OR=1.37, 95% CI: 1.07-1.74) were significantly positively correlated with osteoporotic fracture risk. The incorporation of MLR, NLR, and SIRI into the traditional risk factor model significantly improved its discriminatory ability.

Conclusion

Elevated PPN levels are associated with a reduced fracture risk in patients with osteoporosis, suggesting that PPN may be a potential protective factor. Among patients with comorbid diabetes, NLR, MLR, and SIRI were significant risk factors and provided valuable incremental information, improving the discriminative ability of the model. This study suggests that CBC-derived inflammation indices can serve as a useful supplement for fracture risk assessment and assist in the early identification and stratification of high-risk populations.

Osteoporotic fracture  /  Osteoporosis  /  CBC-derived inflammation indices  /  Diabetes
刘婷, 李子豪, 夏红霞, 钟扬丹, 夏茂瑶, 鞠晔, 陈子岚, 庞玉琦, 姜侠, 范雪. 全血衍生炎症指数与骨质疏松症患者骨折的关联. 现代预防医学, 2026 , 53 (11) : 2095 -2102 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202510141
Ting LIU, Zi-hao LI, Hong-xia XIA, Yang-dan ZHONG, Mao-yao XIA, Ye JU, Zi-lan CHEN, Yu-qi PANG, Xia JIANG, Xue FAN. Associations of complete blood count-derived inflammation indices with osteoporotic fracture in patients with osteoporosis[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2026 , 53 (11) : 2095 -2102 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202510141
骨质疏松症是一种以骨量减少和骨微结构破坏为特征,导致骨脆性增加的全身性代谢性疾病[1]。骨质疏松性骨折是其最严重的并发症,具有发病率高、致残致死率高、治疗费用高的特点,已被视为全球重大公共卫生问题之一[2-3]。在我国,骨质疏松性骨折患者数量庞大且逐年增多,预计2050年将达600万例次[4]。目前骨密度是骨质疏松症诊断的金标准,但骨密度无法全面反映骨折风险。早期识别是预防骨质疏松性骨折的关键,为此,越来越多的研究致力于开发简便高效的生物标志物,以提升风险分层和预防策略的精准性。
既往研究显示,免疫系统失调是骨质疏松症等多种疾病的潜在病理基础[5]。慢性炎症反应通过促进破骨细胞活性和抑制成骨细胞功能,增加骨质疏松症和骨折发生风险[6-7]。国内一项基于医院病历资料的回顾性研究聚焦老年骨质疏松症患者(n=426),提示全身免疫炎症指数(systemic immune-inflammation index,SII)、血小板/淋巴细胞比值(platelet/lymphocyte ratio,PLR)、中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值(neutrophil / lymphocyte ratio,NLR)和C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)水平升高,以及单核细胞/淋巴细胞比值(monocyte / lymphocyte ratio,MLR)水平降低,与发生脆性骨折显著相关[8]。此外,数项研究已报道多个全血细胞计数衍生炎症指数(complete blood count-derived infammation index,CBC-DII)[包括SII、NLR、MLR、PLR、血小板计数与中性粒细胞计数乘积(product of platelet count and neutrophil count,PPN)]水平较高与绝经后妇女骨密度降低、骨质疏松及骨折风险增加相关[9-11],样本量分别为n=893、238与613。更有研究表明,全身炎症综合指数(aggregate index of systemic inflammation,AISI)和全身炎症反应指数(systemic inflammatory response index,SIRI)、NLR、MLR与骨质疏松或骨质减少的绝经后妇女(n=2 834)的死亡风险显著相关[12]。
然而,针对CBC-DII与骨质疏松性骨折风险相关研究仍相对有限,现有研究大多样本量较小且多集中于单一或少数指标,缺少在骨质疏松症专病人群中对多种CBC-DII与其最严重的并发症骨折风险的系统性评估。本研究基于大样本回顾性住院资料,探讨一系列基于全血细胞计数的炎症生物标志物(NLR、MLR、PLR、PPN、SII、AISI、SIRI)与骨质疏松性骨折之间的关系并评估其作为骨折风险识别指标的潜力,以期为骨质疏松性骨折的早期识别与预防提供新的理论依据。
本研究已通过四川大学华西第四医院医学伦理委员会审查(批准文号:HXSY-EC-2023029,HXSY-EC-2025059)。本研究人群为2017年12月—2024年10月在四川大学华西第四医院骨质疏松科住院的11 583例骨质疏松症患者。排除患有严重影响骨骼健康疾病,关键信息不全和异常,以及存在既往骨折史的患者后,纳入3 560例患者,见图1。对于多次住院者仅保留首次住院信息,确保数据点独立性,并尽可能保证所研究骨折为住院时首诊骨折。
研究数据来源于四川大学华西第四医院临床信息系统。病案首页涵盖患者年龄、性别、住院诊断及糖尿病、冠心病和高血压等共病情况。骨密度数据由GE Lunar双能X线骨密度仪测定,采集身高、体重、身体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、股骨骨密度及腰椎骨密度。医院信息科提取血液检查指标,仅保留住院日期±7天窗口期内采集的检验结果,以准确反映患者住院时的炎症状态。
CBC-DII均根据全血细胞计数检测结果计算。采用最大似然估计法处理低于检测限的CRP值并对存在极端值的免疫炎症指标进行缩尾处理。此外,研究中免疫炎症相关标志物呈右偏分布,均进行ln变换。
包括年龄、性别、BMI、骨密度(腰椎L1-L4,股骨颈)、常见慢性病共病(糖尿病,冠心病,高血压)和传统炎症标志物CRP。
本研究连续变量均不符合正态分布,以[M(P25,P75)]表示,组间比较采用Mann-Whitney U检验。分类变量以计数和百分比表示,组间比较采用χ2检验。
首先,进行单因素logistic回归分析,分析不同CBC-DII与骨质疏松性骨折的关联。再开展多因素logistic回归分析,主要构建两个模型:模型1调整年龄、性别、BMI、腰椎L1-L4骨密度、股骨颈骨密度、糖尿病、冠心病、高血压等共病后,分别将各CBC-DII纳入模型;模型2在模型1基础上进一步调整ln-CRP,CRP是临床常用的反映机体炎症状态的指标[13],模型2用于评估CBC-DII在传统炎症标志物之外的独立骨折风险识别价值。为便于比较效应量,连续变量在纳入回归模型前进行Z-score标准化处理。模型采用稳健标准误计算比值比及其95%置信区间以控制异方差性。此外,开展敏感性分析,将各CBC-DII转换为四分位分类变量。
限制性立方样条(restricted cubic splines,RCS)分析用于探索CBC-DII与骨折间的非线性关系。按研究对象年龄(<65岁,≥65岁)、性别(男,女)、BMI(<24 kg/m2,≥24 kg/m2)、糖尿病患病状态(是,否)进行亚组分析,交互作用检验采用乘法交互项法。最后,采用受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线比较不同CBC-DII模型的区分效能。统计分析均使用R 4.4.1软件完成。采用双侧检验,检验水准α=0.05。
本研究共纳入3 560名研究对象,包括1 689名骨质疏松伴有骨折患者(病例组)和1 871名单纯骨质疏松患者(对照组)。病例组NLR、MLR、SII、AISI、SIRI水平均高于对照组(P<0.05),PLR和PPN在两组间的差异无统计学意义。此外,两组年龄、身高、体重、BMI、腰椎骨密度、股骨颈骨密度、糖尿病、冠心病、高血压、中性粒细胞计数、单核细胞计数、血小板计数、淋巴细胞计数、CRP的差异均具有统计学意义,但未发现两组性别差异存在统计学意义。见表1。
单因素logistic回归分析显示,较高的ln-NLR、ln-MLR、ln-SII、ln-AISI和ln-SIRI水平均与骨折风险增加相关。多因素logistic回归分析显示,基础模型中CBC-DII与骨折的关联均不再显著。但值得注意的是,ln-PPN与骨折风险呈现临近显著的负相关。进一步调整ln-CRP后(全模型),ln-PPN与骨折风险呈显著负相关,提示在充分调整相关混杂因素后,ln-PPN每增加一个标准差,骨质疏松性骨折风险降低约7%。见表2。
敏感性分析结果显示,相较Q1,ln-PPN的Q3和Q4组的骨折风险更低。这一趋势与主分析中ln-PPN作为连续变量所得出的负相关结果高度一致,见表3。由于主分析结果提示ln-PPN与骨折仅在充分矫正混杂因素的情况下呈现显著关联,因此后续非线性关联检验、亚组分析及模型性能评估均基于全模型进行。
RCS分析显示,ln-PPN与骨质疏松性骨折风险之间未发现显著非线性关联(非线性P值=0.297),其余CBC-DII与骨折风险的非线性关联检验结果亦不显著。见图2。
如图3所示,ln-PPN与骨折之间的负相关主要存在于女性以及未合并糖尿病的患者中。此外,尽管ln-MLR、ln-NLR、ln-SIRI与骨折关联在主分析中不显著,但亚组分析显示在合并糖尿病的骨质疏松症患者中,ln-MLR、ln-NLR和ln-SIRI均与骨折风险显著正相关。然而交互作用分析仅证实ln-MLR、ln-SIRI与糖尿病状态之间存在显著交互效应(交互作用P<0.05)。其余三个CBC-DII与骨折在各亚组中均未发现显著关联。
为评估各CBC-DII对模型区分性能的提升,计算在传统危险因素模型(年龄、性别、BMI、腰椎L1-L4骨密度、股骨颈骨密度、合并症糖尿病、冠心病、高血压及ln-CRP)上分别添加ln-PPN、ln-MLR、ln-NLR和ln-SIRI后的模型AUC,并拟合ROC曲线。图4A显示,各CBC-DII在全人群中的增量价值有限,与传统危险因素模型相比,加入新指标并未带来区分度的显著提升。
但是,对于合并糖尿病的骨质疏松症患者,在分别加入不同炎症指标后,ln-MLR模型、ln-NLR模型、ln-SIRI模型的AUC相较于传统危险因素模型均有一定提升,见图4B,并且综合判别改善指数(integrated discrimination improvement,IDI)分析提示,模型区分能力较传统危险因素模型显著增强;而加入ln-PPN模型性能未发生显著变化,见表4。这与亚组分析的结果高度一致:即在合并糖尿病的骨质疏松症患者中,ln-MLR、ln-NLR和ln-SIRI与骨折风险呈显著正相关,且关联强度远高于全人群。对于合并糖尿病的骨质疏松症患者,MLR、NLR和SIRI不仅是显著的危险因素,更能为骨折风险评估模型提供有价值的增量信息,改善其区分度。
本研究系统评估了多种CBC-DII与骨质疏松症患者发生其最严重的并发症骨折的关系。结果显示PPN与骨质疏松性骨折呈负相关,且该效应独立于传统炎症标志物CRP;亚组分析进一步提示PPN的保护作用在女性和未合并糖尿病的患者中尤为显著。此外,在合并糖尿病的患者中,MLR、NLR、SIRI与骨折呈正相关且具有更高的风险识别能力。
一项横断面研究提示,PPN与椎体骨折风险呈显著负相关(OR=0.987,95%CI:0.976~0.999)[14]。然而,也有研究指出PPN与较低骨密度及较高骨质疏松风险相关[9]。这种差异可能源于生物学机制和研究设计不同。首先,血小板在骨代谢中的生物学作用具有双重性。血小板计数升高是全身性炎症标志[15-16],会对骨骼健康产生不利影响。同时血小板富含血小板衍生生长因子等多种生长因子,能促进血管生成、间充质细胞募集和骨痂形成,在骨折愈合急性期起着关键作用[17]。因此,在以骨折为结局的研究中,血小板较高可能反映出更强的骨修复再生能力,导致衍生指标PPN呈现轻微保护效应。相比之下,以骨密度或骨质疏松风险为结局的研究则更多关注炎症对骨代谢的慢性负面影响。其次,无论是本研究还是既往研究中,PPN保护效应均较弱,未来需通过更大规模前瞻性队列研究验证。
宋云霄等人[8]曾报道SII、PLR、NLR升高和LMR降低与老年骨质疏松患者发生脆性骨折显著相关。但该研究样本量较小,未充分控制混杂,且将SII、PLR、NLR、LMR等多项炎症指标同时纳入模型评估其联合作用,可能存在共线性问题。在本研究中,尽管上述CBC-DII与骨折关联在全人群中不显著,但在合并糖尿病的亚组中,MLR、NLR及SIRI的风险识别能力较为突出,这一现象可能与糖尿病加剧机体慢性炎症状态有关。已有研究表明,糖尿病是骨质疏松性骨折的重要危险因素,可通过引发氧化应激反应、积累晚期糖基化终末产物等机制影响骨代谢[18]。糖尿病所致代谢紊乱可能加重骨质疏松患者的慢性炎症状态,增强CBC-DII所引起的生物学效应,增加骨折风险。另有研究发现,糖尿病患者的空腹血糖和糖化血红蛋白波动也会显著增加其髋部骨折风险[19-20]。
在本研究中,PLR、AISI和SII与骨折风险未发现显著关联,这一结果提示不同炎症标志物在骨代谢中的作用阶段可能存在差异,上述指标可能更多反映的是骨密度下降及骨质疏松症发生所伴随的慢性炎症过程,而对已确诊患者进行骨折风险分层效能较弱。换言之,它们在一级预防和风险筛查中可能更具价值,但对于骨质疏松症的二级预防其临床意义相对有限。
从临床实践角度来看,本研究强调在已确诊骨质疏松症患者中识别骨折危险因素的重要性,重视其进展阶段的并发症防控,突出针对专病人群二级预防的特点。研究结果提示,基于全血细胞计数的免疫炎症指标可作为骨质疏松性骨折风险评估的有益补充,比如,PPN与骨质疏松性骨折之间的负相关性为探索骨折保护机制提供新视角;而在合并糖尿病的患者中,NLR、MLR和SIRI显示出独立于传统炎症指标CRP的额外区分价值,可辅助临床早期识别骨折高危人群。
然而,本研究仍存在一定局限性。第一,研究为一项单中心的回顾性研究,对于既往骨折史的判定仅依据病历资料开展无法确保完全排除陈旧性骨折。并且,血液学指标采集时间限定在住院前后7 d,部分检测可能发生于骨折事件之后,无法完全排除骨质疏松性骨折后炎症指数升高对结果的影响,存在反向因果的可能性,因此因果推断受限。第二,由于缺乏患者的生活方式、饮食习惯、教育程度及骨代谢相关药物使用等流行病学资料,未能控制这些重要的潜在混杂因素。第三,研究对象局限于骨质疏松症住院患者,该人群通常合并症更多、病情更重,可能存在选择偏倚,限制结果外推性。第四,由于男性样本较少(n=276),本研究结论在男性骨质疏松症患者中的适用性有待进一步研究。未来应开展多中心前瞻性队列研究,充分控制混杂因素,并结合基础实验进一步阐明PPN在骨质疏松性骨折发生中的作用及分子机制,为骨折风险防控提供新思路。
综上,本研究发现PPN可能是骨质疏松性骨折的保护因素,而在合并糖尿病的骨质疏松症患者中,NLR、MLR和SIRI则可能为显著危险因素。这些CBC-DII易获取、成本低,在骨折风险的早期识别和分层管理中具备潜在临床应用价值。
  • 国家重点研发计划(2023YFC3606300)
  • 四川省科技厅自然科学基金创新研究群体(2024NSFTD0030)
  • 四川大学华西公共卫生学院(华西第四医院)实验学科振兴计划(2023SY-03)
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2026年第53卷第11期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202510141
  • 接收时间:2025-10-11
  • 首发时间:2026-11-02
  • 出版时间:2026-06-10
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  • 收稿日期:2025-10-11
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国家重点研发计划(2023YFC3606300)
四川省科技厅自然科学基金创新研究群体(2024NSFTD0030)
四川大学华西公共卫生学院(华西第四医院)实验学科振兴计划(2023SY-03)
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    四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川 成都 610041

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
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genus
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species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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