Article(id=1324050934329909363, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1324050876230415089, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202602104, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1770652800000, receivedDateStr=2026-02-10, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793607942421, onlineDateStr=2026-11-02, pubDate=1781020800000, pubDateStr=2026-06-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793607942421, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-11-02, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793607942421, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793607942421, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1324050876230415089, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2026', volume='53', issue='11', pageStart='1921', pageEnd='2112', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1781020800000', pubDateStr='2026-06-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793607928569, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793670049253, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1324311429322507008, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1324050876230415089, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1324311429322507009, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1324050876230415089, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=2000, endPage=2005, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1324050934543818868, articleId=1324050934329909363, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Symptom network characteristics of emotional eating behavior in pregnant women and its influencing factors, columnId=1228016568949474136, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Child and Adolescent Health, Maternal and Child Health, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To investigate the current status of emotional eating behaviors during pregnancy, construct a network model to analyze symptoms and influencing factors, and provide targets for precision intervention.

Methods

Pregnant women were recruited from a maternal and child health hospital in Ningxia using convenience sampling. Emotional eating behaviors were measured using the revised Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ). The symptom network of emotional eating behaviors and its relationship with influencing factors were analyzed using the “bootnet” package in R 4.4.3.

Results

The mean score of emotional eating behaviors in pregnant women was 19.82±7.68. “Craving food when disappointed” was the core symptom, with the strongest association observed between “craving food when disappointed” and “craving food when fearful” (edge weight=0.48). In the influencing factor network, the restrictive eating behavior cluster showed the strongest association with the emotional eating behavior cluster (mean edge=0.05), while psychological resilience exhibited a negative correlation with “craving food when fearful” (edge=-0.05). Within the restrictive-emotional eating behavior network, “considering the relationship between body weight and food” and “craving food when bored” demonstrated the strongest connections (edge=0.09).

Conclusion

The core symptom of emotional eating in pregnant women is “eating when disappointed”. Eating behaviors triggered by fear and goal frustration, as well as cognition about the relationship between body weight and food, are key influencing factors.

, authors=Wei-dong MU, Xiao-qin MA, Yuan-yuan MA, Fang-yuan WU, authorsList=Wei-dong MU, Xiao-qin MA, Yuan-yuan MA, Fang-yuan WU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Fang-yuan WU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1324050938134143109, articleId=1324050934329909363, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=CN, title=妊娠期女性情绪性进食行为的症状网络特征及其影响因素分析, columnId=1228016570031604578, journalTitle=现代预防医学, columnName=儿少卫生与妇幼保健, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

研究妊娠期情绪性进食行为现状,构建网络模型分析症状及影响因素,为精准干预提供靶点。

方法

采用便利抽样法选取宁夏某妇幼保健院妊娠期女性为对象,使用修订版《荷兰饮食行为问卷》测量其情绪性进食行为。使用R 4.4.3版本的“bootnet”包分析情绪性进食行为的症状网络及其与影响因素间的网络结构。

结果

妊娠期女性情绪性进食行为得分为(19.82±7.68)。“失望时渴望进食”为核心症状,其与“害怕时渴望进食”之间的关联强度最高,边缘权重(edge)为0.48。在影响因素网络中,限制性进食行为集群与情绪性进食行为集群关联最紧密(平均edge=0.05),心理弹性和“害怕时渴望吃东西”呈现负相关(edge=-0.05);在限制性-情绪性进食行为网络中,“考虑体重与食物的关系”和“无聊时渴望吃东西”连接最紧密(edge=0.09)。

结论

妊娠期女性情绪性进食行为的核心症状为“失望时进食”,因恐惧和目标挫败感引起的进食行为以及对体重与食物的认知是关键影响因素。

, authors=母伟东, 马小琴, 马园园, 吴方园, authorsList=母伟东, 马小琴, 马园园, 吴方园, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=吴方园, authorNote=

母伟东(1999—),男,硕士在读,研究方向:心理行为与健康

, correspAuthorsNote=
吴方园,E-mail:
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母伟东(1999—),男,硕士在读,研究方向:心理行为与健康

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The British Journal of Clinical Psychology / the British Psychological Society, 2024, 63(1): 118-134., articleTitle=A new network analysis model in anorexia nervosa patients based on self-reported eating disorder symptoms, psychological distress, and cognitive flexibility, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1324050943964225717, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050934329909363, awardId=NYG2024138, language=CN, fundingSource=宁夏回族自治区教育厅高等学校科学研究项目(NYG2024138), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1324050945193156790, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050934329909363, awardId=24WGKFA02, language=CN, fundingSource=宁夏医科大学人文与管理学院开放课题(24WGKFA02), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1324050938675208326, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050934329909363, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324050938683596935, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050934329909363, companyId=1324050938675208326, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Humanities and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750001, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324050938696179848, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050934329909363, companyId=1324050938675208326, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=宁夏医科大学人文与管理学院,宁夏 银川 750001)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1324050942273921189, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050934329909363, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Network diagram of emotional eating behavior in pregnant women, figureFileSmall=tPlaQ+/LaM5kWu2aivbSeg==, figureFileBig=zcnTIMDNFWVGbg+v9cUSpQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324050942345224358, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050934329909363, language=CN, label=图1, caption=妊娠期女性情绪性进食行为网络图

注:在网络图中,蓝色线代表正相关,红色线代表负相关;节点之间连线越粗,代表节点之间的关联越强。

, figureFileSmall=tPlaQ+/LaM5kWu2aivbSeg==, figureFileBig=zcnTIMDNFWVGbg+v9cUSpQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324050942559133863, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050934329909363, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=Network centrality index of emotional eating behavior in pregnant women, figureFileSmall=uovOUvNJsY2ZumhAaExQEQ==, figureFileBig=JpZWGRwCLVCFBYYXnZaWgw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324050942630437032, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050934329909363, language=CN, label=图2, caption=妊娠期女性情绪性进食行为网络中心性指标, figureFileSmall=uovOUvNJsY2ZumhAaExQEQ==, figureFileBig=JpZWGRwCLVCFBYYXnZaWgw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324050942756266153, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050934329909363, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=Symptom network diagram of influencing factors and emotional eating behavior, figureFileSmall=LSiyf1vs3IddBCLLfIIMEQ==, figureFileBig=56vEKaXYxEi2zMGUY8BJRw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324050942919844010, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050934329909363, language=CN, label=图3, caption=影响因素与情绪性进食行为的症状网络图

注:在网络图中,蓝色线代表正相关,红色线代表负相关;节点之间连线越粗,代表节点之间的关联越强。

, figureFileSmall=LSiyf1vs3IddBCLLfIIMEQ==, figureFileBig=56vEKaXYxEi2zMGUY8BJRw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324050943020507307, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050934329909363, language=EN, label=Figure 4, caption=Centrality index and bridge index diagram of influencing factors symptom network, figureFileSmall=dD9R0+jCBHl9ZjjTHgVUwA==, figureFileBig=tsGrbOoD+Yk4BBlIVw1W3w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324050943096004780, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050934329909363, language=CN, label=图4, caption=影响因素症状网络的中心性指标和桥接指标图

注:图A为强度和预期影响图;图B为桥接强度和桥接预期影响图。

, figureFileSmall=dD9R0+jCBHl9ZjjTHgVUwA==, figureFileBig=tsGrbOoD+Yk4BBlIVw1W3w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324050943171502253, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050934329909363, language=EN, label=Figure 5, caption=Network diagram of restrictive-emotional eating behavior symptom, figureFileSmall=ewiM31cZKsqxiQS7vDofcA==, figureFileBig=Mj+Y9jqfCMbh9cnsH2uCUQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324050943246999726, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050934329909363, language=CN, label=图5, caption=限制性-情绪性进食行为症状网络图

注:在网络图中,蓝色线代表正相关,红色线代表负相关;节点之间连线越粗,代表节点之间的关联越强。

, figureFileSmall=ewiM31cZKsqxiQS7vDofcA==, figureFileBig=Mj+Y9jqfCMbh9cnsH2uCUQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324050943335080111, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050934329909363, language=EN, label=Figure 6, caption=Network centrality indicators and bridge centrality indicators of restrictive-emotional eating behavior symptom, figureFileSmall=fO/ayQ/FPDpbGyKH+ej/HA==, figureFileBig=ESlvZXtQ9/g15UFkWA4emg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324050943423160496, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050934329909363, language=CN, label=图6, caption=限制性-情绪性进食行为症状网络中心性指标与桥梁中心性指标

注:图A为强度和预期影响图;图B为桥接强度和桥接预期影响图。

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妊娠期女性情绪性进食行为的症状网络特征及其影响因素分析
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母伟东 , 马小琴 , 马园园 , 吴方园
现代预防医学 | 儿少卫生与妇幼保健 2026,53(11): 2000-2005
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现代预防医学 |儿少卫生与妇幼保健 2026 , 53 (11) : 2000 -2005
妊娠期女性情绪性进食行为的症状网络特征及其影响因素分析
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母伟东, 马小琴, 马园园, 吴方园
作者信息
  • 宁夏医科大学人文与管理学院,宁夏 银川 750001
通讯作者:
吴方园,E-mail:
作者简介:

母伟东(1999—),男,硕士在读,研究方向:心理行为与健康

Symptom network characteristics of emotional eating behavior in pregnant women and its influencing factors
Wei-dong MU, Xiao-qin MA, Yuan-yuan MA, Fang-yuan WU
Affiliations
  • School of Humanities and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750001, China
出版时间: 2026-06-10 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202602104
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目的

研究妊娠期情绪性进食行为现状,构建网络模型分析症状及影响因素,为精准干预提供靶点。

方法

采用便利抽样法选取宁夏某妇幼保健院妊娠期女性为对象,使用修订版《荷兰饮食行为问卷》测量其情绪性进食行为。使用R 4.4.3版本的“bootnet”包分析情绪性进食行为的症状网络及其与影响因素间的网络结构。

结果

妊娠期女性情绪性进食行为得分为(19.82±7.68)。“失望时渴望进食”为核心症状,其与“害怕时渴望进食”之间的关联强度最高,边缘权重(edge)为0.48。在影响因素网络中,限制性进食行为集群与情绪性进食行为集群关联最紧密(平均edge=0.05),心理弹性和“害怕时渴望吃东西”呈现负相关(edge=-0.05);在限制性-情绪性进食行为网络中,“考虑体重与食物的关系”和“无聊时渴望吃东西”连接最紧密(edge=0.09)。

结论

妊娠期女性情绪性进食行为的核心症状为“失望时进食”,因恐惧和目标挫败感引起的进食行为以及对体重与食物的认知是关键影响因素。

妊娠期  /  进食行为  /  心理  /  症状网络
Objective

To investigate the current status of emotional eating behaviors during pregnancy, construct a network model to analyze symptoms and influencing factors, and provide targets for precision intervention.

Methods

Pregnant women were recruited from a maternal and child health hospital in Ningxia using convenience sampling. Emotional eating behaviors were measured using the revised Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ). The symptom network of emotional eating behaviors and its relationship with influencing factors were analyzed using the “bootnet” package in R 4.4.3.

Results

The mean score of emotional eating behaviors in pregnant women was 19.82±7.68. “Craving food when disappointed” was the core symptom, with the strongest association observed between “craving food when disappointed” and “craving food when fearful” (edge weight=0.48). In the influencing factor network, the restrictive eating behavior cluster showed the strongest association with the emotional eating behavior cluster (mean edge=0.05), while psychological resilience exhibited a negative correlation with “craving food when fearful” (edge=-0.05). Within the restrictive-emotional eating behavior network, “considering the relationship between body weight and food” and “craving food when bored” demonstrated the strongest connections (edge=0.09).

Conclusion

The core symptom of emotional eating in pregnant women is “eating when disappointed”. Eating behaviors triggered by fear and goal frustration, as well as cognition about the relationship between body weight and food, are key influencing factors.

Pregnancy  /  Eating behavior  /  Psychology  /  Symptom network
母伟东, 马小琴, 马园园, 吴方园. 妊娠期女性情绪性进食行为的症状网络特征及其影响因素分析. 现代预防医学, 2026 , 53 (11) : 2000 -2005 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202602104
Wei-dong MU, Xiao-qin MA, Yuan-yuan MA, Fang-yuan WU. Symptom network characteristics of emotional eating behavior in pregnant women and its influencing factors[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2026 , 53 (11) : 2000 -2005 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202602104
情绪性进食行为是进食障碍的一个主要亚型,表现为个体在面对压力、焦虑或抑郁等负面情绪时,多通过进食来缓解情绪困扰[1]。该行为在女性中发生率较高,女性情绪性或压力相关进食障碍患病率为1.25%,约为男性的2.98倍[2]。妊娠期女性受激素水平波动影响,对食物的偏好改变、情绪更敏感,可能增加情绪性进食行为的发生风险[3]。这种情绪适应不良的进食行为可能引起孕期体重过度增加,间接提升妊娠糖尿病、妊娠高血压及子痫前期等并发症风险,影响胎儿发育与分娩结局[4],还可能加剧孕妇的焦虑与抑郁情绪,对其心理健康造成威胁[5]。
情绪性进食行为受生理、心理及社会环境等多种因素影响,其中情绪和心理因素最为突出。研究发现,个体在焦虑时倾向于摄入甜食等高热量食物以缓解负面情绪[6],这种情绪调节策略与大脑奖赏系统激活有关,多巴胺分泌带来的短暂愉悦感能减轻心理痛苦。抑郁与情绪性进食行为也呈正向关联,同时与暴食行为及情绪调节障碍密切相关[7],还可能通过降低身体活动水平间接加剧情绪性进食行为[8]。女性在妊娠期因生理负担加重及角色转换压力,更易出现情绪调节困难,从而借助进食缓解困扰。妊娠压力作为孕期特有的应激源,能显著预测情绪性进食行为。妊娠期压力水平越高,食物渴望越强烈[9];临床影像学亦证实,高压状态下的孕妇在观察高热量食物图片时,大脑岛叶激活程度更高,进而增强进食渴求的强度与频率[10]。值得注意的是,心理弹性可以调节负性情绪与进食行为的关系。较高的心理弹性能够有效降低焦虑、抑郁及妊娠压力对情绪性进食行为的预测强度[11],使女性更理性地管理情绪波动,维持健康的进食模式。
妊娠期女性对进食行为的过度限制同样会诱发情绪性进食行为。妊娠期女性常因体型改变和对胎儿健康的关注而采取限制性进食行为,即通过严格限制热量摄入以控制体重或预防肥胖[12-13]。这种行为与对食物的认知抑制直接相关,其核心是对体重增长的恐惧及对热量摄入的过度控制[12],这种自我抑制在某些情境下反而可能诱发情绪性进食行为。当妊娠期女性经过长时间限制性进食后,一旦遭遇情绪波动或压力激增,会加强其对高热量食物的渴望,进而增加情绪波动时失控性进食的风险[14]。
情绪性进食行为在妊娠期女性群体中时有发生,然而现有研究多聚焦于大学生或一般人群,尚未关注孕期女性情绪性进食行为的具体行为特征,且不清楚其心理因素与该行为的关联。综上,本研究拟采用网络分析方法,揭示妊娠期女性情绪性进食行为的网络特征与核心症状,明确其与负性情绪、妊娠压力、心理弹性、限制性进食行为的关联,为临床开发孕期情绪性进食行为的干预方案提供依据。
本研究采用便利抽样法,于2024年1—6月在宁夏某妇幼保健院产科门诊招募妊娠期女性参与调查。纳入标准:(1)年龄>18周岁;(2)孕周≥9周;(3)无严重妊娠并发症、合并症或精神障碍;(4)知情同意并自愿参与调查。排除标准:(1)问卷填写不完整;(2)存在较严重的认知功能损害;(3)患有可能干扰进食行为评估的疾病。结合网络分析的要求,同时考虑10%拒答率,将样本量调整至1 000。实际发放问卷1 058份,回收有效问卷1 012份,有效应答率95.65%。本研究已通过宁夏医科大学伦理委员会审查(伦理审批号:宁医大伦理第2022-N060号)。
本研究采用了《荷兰饮食行为问卷》中认知限制性进食维度和情绪性进食维度[15],并结合妊娠期女性特点对问卷进行修订。修订后量表共19条目,其中限制性进食行为9条目,情绪性进食行为10条目。限制性进食行为分量表和情绪性进食行为分量表在本研究中的Cronbach α系数分别为0.889、0.964,信度良好。
分别采用广泛性焦虑量表简版[16]和患者健康问卷简版[17]测量研究对象的焦虑和抑郁,每个条目从“完全不会”到“几乎每天”分别计0~3分,总分范围0~6分,得分越高,表明焦虑、抑郁水平越高。
采用Vaishnavi S等人[18]编制的2条目心理弹性量表评估妊娠期女性的心理弹性水平,采用Likert 5级评分,总分范围0~8分,得分越高表示心理弹性越强。
本研究参考Romero-Gonzalez B等人[19]编制的妊娠压力量表,选取其中9个条目进行测量,采用Likert 3级评分,从“一点也不担心”到“非常担心”分别计0~2分,总分范围0~18分,得分越高表明妊娠期压力水平越高。本研究中量表的Cronbach α系数为0.834。
利用SPSS 23.0软件进行描述统计,计数资料以频数和百分比描述,计量资料采用(均值±标准差)描述。采用Harman单因子检验法,考察研究数据的共同方法偏差情况,结果表明第一个因子解释的变异量为28.67%,小于40%的临界标准,说明本研究不存在严重的共同方法偏差。
网络分析通过 R 4.4.3 实现,借助“bootnet”和“qgraph”程序包完成网络估计和可视化。在网络分析中,每个节点(node)表示一个症状,节点之间的边(edge)表示“边缘权重”,即症状节点间关联强度的量化指标,数值越高表明两者共现程度越强。采用高斯图模型(Gaussian graphical model,GGM)中扩展贝叶斯信息准则的图形最小绝对收缩和选择算子估计算法(least absolute shrinkage and selection operator,LASSO)来进行网络估计。使用“igraph”包计算中心性指标评估节点重要性及连接强度;计算桥梁中心性指数评估节点间强度和方向,并进行稳定性测试。使用“bootnet”包通过1 000次bootstrap法评估边线稳定性和CS-C系数(>0.25表明可接受)评估中心性指标稳定性。检验水准α=0.05。
本研究共纳入妊娠期女性1 012人,平均年龄(29.49±4.21)岁,其中城镇635(62.75%)人,农村377(37.25%)人。其情绪性进食行为得分为(19.82±7.68)分,限制性进食行为、妊娠压力、抑郁情绪、焦虑情绪以及心理弹性得分分别为(20.26±6.54)、(15.49±3.45)、(3.71±1.21)、(3.40±1.26)和(7.07±1.61)分。
情绪性进食行为10个节点之间大多数存在联系,其中害怕时渴望吃东西(E7)与失望时渴望吃东西(E8)的边缘权重最大(edge=0.48),其次为生气时渴望吃东西(E1)和沮丧或气馁时渴望吃东西(E2)(edge=0.46),失望时渴望吃东西(E8)和烦恼或者不安宁时渴望吃东西(E9)(edge=0.45),如图1。节点中心性指标表示,失望时渴望吃东西(E8)在整个网络中具有最高的强度(Strength=1.01)和预期影响力(EI=1.00),见图2。模型strength的CS系数为0.67,其>0.50,表明模型具有良好的稳定性。
将焦虑、抑郁、妊娠压力、心理弹性、限制性进食行为纳入情绪性进食行为网络,共有61条非零边,占所有可能存在边的58%,如图3。限制性进食(L1)与孤独寂寞时渴望吃东西(E3)(edge=0.09)、无聊时渴望吃东西(E10)(edge=0.06)、沮丧或是气馁时渴望吃东西(E2)(edge=0.05)呈现正相关;焦虑(A1)和抑郁(D1)呈现正相关(edge=0.57);心理弹性(R1)和害怕时渴望吃东西(E7)呈现负相关(edge=-0.05)。其中,与情绪性进食行为集群关联最紧密的是限制性进食行为(平均edge=0.05)。
节点中心性指标显示,在情绪性进食行为症状网络中,失望时渴望吃东西(E8)具有最强的强度(Strength=1.12)和预期影响(EI=0.97),见图4。该症状网络strength、bridge strength的CS系数均为0.75,大于0.50,说明网络中心性指标稳定性良好。
将限制性进食行为纳入网络,构建妊娠期女性限制性-情绪性进食行为症状网络。该网络中,考虑体重与食物的关系(L9)和无聊时渴望吃东西(E10)连接最为紧密(edge=0.09)。在限制性进食行为集群中,减肥时两餐间不吃东西的频率(L7)和减肥时尝试完晚上不吃东西(L8)的边缘权重最大(edge=0.45),其次为故意吃利于减肥的食物(L5)和有意少吃避免长胖(L6)(edge=0.42),见图5。
节点中心性指标显示,在限制性-情绪性进食行为网络中,有意少吃避免长胖(L6)具有最强的强度(Strength=1.43)和预期影响(EI=1.53),见图6。桥梁中心性指标显示,考虑体重与食物的关系(L9)表现出最强的节点强度。在情绪性进食行为集群中,失望时渴望吃东西(E8)表现出最强的节点强度。
为评估妊娠期女性限制性-情绪性进食行为网络的统计可靠性,使用bootstrap法(1 000次重复抽样)进行分析,结果显示稳定性较好,该网络strength、bridge strength的CS系数分别为0.75、0.36,均大于0.25,说明网络中心性指标稳定性可以接受。见图7、8。
本研究通过网络分析,揭示了妊娠期女性情绪性进食行为的核心症状及其与负性情绪、妊娠压力、心理弹性和限制性进食行为之间的关联模式。结果发现,害怕、失望、无聊等心理情绪状态、主观抑制性进食以及对体重与食物关系的认知,是影响妊娠期女性情绪性进食行为的关键因素。此外,增强心理弹性有助于降低情绪性进食行为的发生风险。
在情绪性进食行为网络中,害怕时渴望吃东西(E7)与失望时渴望吃东西(E8)表现出最强的直接关联(edge=0.48),表明这两种情绪是触发情绪性进食行为的核心节点。既往研究指出,恐惧常伴随对失控的焦虑,失望则与目标挫败感相关[20],二者均会触发个体通过进食调节自身情绪的作用机制[21]。妊娠期女性因担忧自身健康、胎儿发育及分娩失控等因素而容易产生恐惧情绪,这种负性情绪可能激活丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴对高热量食物的渴望,从而促进情绪性进食行为。同时,面对生理与心理的双重变化,其目标挫败感更易被放大,进而诱发情绪性进食行为作为代偿。此外,负性情绪会增加进食障碍发生风险这一结论,在伊朗大学生群体中得到证实[22]。
心理弹性在应激情境下能缓冲负性情绪对进食冲动的影响。在本研究中,心理弹性(R1)和害怕时渴望吃东西(E7)呈现负相关(edge=-0.05),表明心理弹性越高,个体在面对恐惧情绪时越不易触发进食冲动。这可能是因为高心理弹性者在暴露于恐惧情绪时,更倾向于采用适当的情绪调节策略[23],而非转向非适应性进食行为。既往研究表明,心理弹性可以增强个体对恐惧情绪的耐受性,抑制通过进食寻求即时安抚的冲动[24]。在神经机制研究中也有相同的证据:高心理弹性个体的默认模式网络与亚皮质系统连接更精简,从而可以降低恐惧情境下的过度反应[25],有助于减少情绪驱动的进食行为。心理弹性水平较高的妊娠期女性更可能在面对身体变化、分娩恐惧或育儿压力时保持情绪稳定,降低因恐惧引发的情绪性进食行为倾向。
限制性进食行为可能加剧情绪性进食行为风险。在限制性-情绪性进食行为网络中,考虑体重与食物的关系(L9)和无聊时渴望吃东西(E10)具有最高的跨集群权重(edge=0.09),表明对体重的认知与无聊情绪导致的进食行为之间存在交互作用。既往研究显示,体重担忧在进食行为网络中常作为核心桥梁,对体重的过度关注会加剧负面情绪,从而引发情绪性进食行为的冲动[26]。体重担忧与情绪性进食行为的强连接可能源于认知-情感交互,其中与自身体重相关焦虑加剧了情绪化进食的倾向,反之,情绪性进食行为又强化个体对体重的监控行为[27],形成恶性循环。因此,单纯强调饮食控制的干预模式控制体重增长可能适得其反,应结合认知行为干预与情绪支持,促进妊娠期女性健康进食行为的形成。
研究局限性:首先,横断面设计限制了因果推断的准确性,无法明确相关变量之间的因果关系。其次,样本源于单一地域妊娠期女性,限制了研究结果在更广泛地域妊娠期女性中的外推性。此外,测量工具主要依赖自陈量表,虽具有良好信效度,但仍可能存在回忆偏差或社会期望效应。最后,便利抽样方法导致样本代表性受限、存在选择偏倚,影响了研究结论的普适性。未来研究应采用纵向、多中心的研究设计,进一步揭示相关因素与情绪性进食行为的关系。
本研究基于网络分析发现,妊娠期女性情绪性进食行为的核心表现为因害怕和失望而进食;心理弹性缓冲负性情绪的影响;对体重的过度关注可能成为情绪性进食行为的重要驱动因素。孕期健康管理与体重控制应关注进食行为,尤其是情绪相关进食行为,采取综合方式促进健康的进食方式。
  • 宁夏回族自治区教育厅高等学校科学研究项目(NYG2024138)
  • 宁夏医科大学人文与管理学院开放课题(24WGKFA02)
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2026年第53卷第11期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202602104
  • 接收时间:2026-02-10
  • 首发时间:2026-11-02
  • 出版时间:2026-06-10
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宁夏回族自治区教育厅高等学校科学研究项目(NYG2024138)
宁夏医科大学人文与管理学院开放课题(24WGKFA02)
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    宁夏医科大学人文与管理学院,宁夏 银川 750001

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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