Article(id=1324050916260852732, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1324050876230415089, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202510171, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1760371200000, receivedDateStr=2025-10-14, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793607938113, onlineDateStr=2026-11-02, pubDate=1781020800000, pubDateStr=2026-06-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793607938113, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-11-02, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793607938113, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793607938113, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1324050876230415089, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2026', volume='53', issue='11', pageStart='1921', pageEnd='2112', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1781020800000', pubDateStr='2026-06-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793607928569, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793670049253, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1324311429322507008, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1324050876230415089, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1324311429322507009, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1324050876230415089, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=2024, endPage=2031, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1324050916520899581, articleId=1324050916260852732, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Assessment of job competency for personnel with public health-related responsibilities in community health service centers in the context of integrated medical and preventive care: evidence from Chengdu, columnId=1228016572892119056, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Primary Health Services, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To investigate the current status and influencing factors of job competency among personnel with public health-related responsibilities in community health service centers within the context of the integration of medical care and disease prevention.

Methods

Using a mixed research design approach, the quantitative research employed a multistage sampling method. Based on the job competency assessment scale, self-assessment of job competency was conducted through self-evaluation. For the qualitative study, one-on-one interviews were conducted, and three-level coding based on grounded theory was used to explore the influencing factors of job competency among personnel with public health-related responsibilities.

Results

The quantitative research indicated a job competency score of 4.15±0.50. Across the three dimensions, the self-rated scores in descending order were: professional values (4.40±0.56), personal efficacy (4.20±0.58), and professional literacy (3.86±0.67). Educational attainment was identified as the primary factor influencing the total competency score (P<0.05). Although age and years of work experience did not significantly affect the total score, they showed significant differences in the dimensions of professional literacy and professional values, respectively (P<0.05). The qualitative analysis extracted six influencing factors: professional capability, organizational environment, social responsiveness, comprehensive skills, institutional safeguards, and resource systems. Among these, professional capability (27.35%) and organizational environment (24.63%) accounted for the highest proportions.

Conclusion

The overall job competency score of personnel with public health-related responsibilities in community health service centers in Chengdu was 4.15, demonstrating a structural pattern characterized by “high professional values yet relatively insufficient professional literacy”. Competency is influenced by multidimensional factors. Systematic efforts should be directed toward enhancing professional training, optimizing the organizational environment, and improving institutional safeguards to comprehensively strengthen personnel competency.

, authors=Lu LONG1, 2, Yu-qing LUO1, Xiao-dong LI1, Ming-fang WANG1, Xi LUO3, Lie-ming QING4, Jian-xin LIU5, Xiao-jing LI6, Jie PAN1, 2, Juan LIAO2, 7, authorsList=Lu LONG, Yu-qing LUO, Xiao-dong LI, Ming-fang WANG, Xi LUO, Lie-ming QING, Jian-xin LIU, Xiao-jing LI, Jie PAN, Juan LIAO, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Juan LIAO, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1324050919880536075, articleId=1324050916260852732, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=CN, title=医防融合背景下社区卫生服务中心承担公共卫生相关职责人员岗位胜任力调查——以成都市为例, columnId=1228016573533847611, journalTitle=现代预防医学, columnName=基层卫生服务, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

了解医防融合背景下社区卫生服务中心公共卫生专业岗位胜任力现况以及胜任力影响因素。

方法

使用混合研究设计方法,定量研究采用多阶段抽样法,根据岗位胜任力评定量表,以自我评价的方式对岗位胜任力自评;定性研究,采用一对一面谈方式,基于扎根理论,使用三级编码,探究公共卫生相关职责人员岗位胜任力影响因素。

结果

定量研究显示岗位胜任力得分为(4.15±0.50),三个维度自评得分由高到低依次为:职业价值(4.40±0.56)、个人效能(4.20±0.58)、专业素养(3.86±0.67)。学历是影响岗位胜任力总分的主要因素(P<0.05);年龄和工作年限虽对总分影响不显著,但分别在专业素养和职业价值维度存在显著差异(P<0.05)。定性研究提取出职业能力、组织环境、社会响应、综合能力、制度保障与资源体系六个影响因素,其中职业能力与组织环境占比最高,分别为27.35%、24.63%。

结论

成都市社区卫生服务中心公共卫生相关职责人员的总体岗位胜任力得分为4.15分,呈现“职业价值感高、专业素养相对不足”的特征。胜任力受多维度因素影响,应注重从职业能力培养、组织环境优化、制度保障完善等方面系统提升人员胜任力。

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龙璐(1986—),女,博士,副研究员,研究方向:流行病与卫生统计学

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廖娟,E-mail:
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Journal of Chengdu University (Social Science Edition), 2024(3): 117-128.(In Chinese), articleTitle=Research on the construction path of community mental health service system from the perspective of healthy China, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1324050930034946153, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050916260852732, awardId=HN240401B, language=CN, fundingSource=四川大学华西公共卫生学院健康新质生产力研究所课题(HN240401B), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1324050920132194316, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050916260852732, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324050920140582925, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050916260852732, companyId=1324050920132194316, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public 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factors, figureFileSmall=lIzSMIGG8QA/TDP0cbHF5w==, figureFileBig=OT/r3lv0+DTHuCpilC/mug==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324050928428527706, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050916260852732, language=CN, label=图2, caption=影响因素占比层次图, figureFileSmall=lIzSMIGG8QA/TDP0cbHF5w==, figureFileBig=OT/r3lv0+DTHuCpilC/mug==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324050928533385307, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050916260852732, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Inclusion and exclusion criteria for participants in the qualitative study

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
定性研究对象纳入排除标准
纳入标准
明确承担至少1类公共卫生核心职责(疾病预防控制、健康管理、健康教育、基础医疗服务、卫生计生监督、综合管理)
在当前岗位持续工作≥1年
能够用方言或普通话清晰表述工作内容与胜任力认知
突发公共卫生事件相关岗位需参与过现场应急处置工作
愿意参与访谈并分享个人看法和经验的人员
排除标准
属于基层医疗机构,但主要职责为行政、财务、后勤保障等职能人员
借调/轮岗人员或因长期病假/产假等脱离岗位>6个月者
综合管理类中仅参与“宣传建设”“安全保障”等边缘职能,未实际接触公共卫生服务核心环节的管理者
), ArticleFig(id=1324050928613077084, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050916260852732, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

定性研究对象纳入排除标准

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
定性研究对象纳入排除标准
纳入标准
明确承担至少1类公共卫生核心职责(疾病预防控制、健康管理、健康教育、基础医疗服务、卫生计生监督、综合管理)
在当前岗位持续工作≥1年
能够用方言或普通话清晰表述工作内容与胜任力认知
突发公共卫生事件相关岗位需参与过现场应急处置工作
愿意参与访谈并分享个人看法和经验的人员
排除标准
属于基层医疗机构,但主要职责为行政、财务、后勤保障等职能人员
借调/轮岗人员或因长期病假/产假等脱离岗位>6个月者
综合管理类中仅参与“宣传建设”“安全保障”等边缘职能,未实际接触公共卫生服务核心环节的管理者
), ArticleFig(id=1324050928722128989, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050916260852732, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Distribution of basic characteristics of participants in the quantitative study [n(%),()]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征统计描述
性别
男31(12.86)
女210(87.14)
年龄(岁)
18~35138(57.26)
≥36103(42.74)
工作年限(年)
1~564(26.56)
6~1065(26.97)
≥11112(46.47)
所学专业
预防医学及其相关专业25(10.37)
非预防医学及其相关专业216(89.63)
学历
专科73(30.29)
本科及以上168(69.71)
专业岗位
卫生专业技术岗198(82.16)
非卫生专业技术岗43(17.84)
职称
初级108(44.81)
中级96(39.83)
副高21(8.71)
其他16(6.64)
是否有执业医师资格证
是18(7.47)
否223(92.53)
胜任力得分(分)4.15±0.50
专业素养3.86±0.67
职业价值4.40±0.56
个人效能4.20±0.58
), ArticleFig(id=1324050928814403678, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050916260852732, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

定量研究调查对象的基本特征分布情况 [n(%),()]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征统计描述
性别
男31(12.86)
女210(87.14)
年龄(岁)
18~35138(57.26)
≥36103(42.74)
工作年限(年)
1~564(26.56)
6~1065(26.97)
≥11112(46.47)
所学专业
预防医学及其相关专业25(10.37)
非预防医学及其相关专业216(89.63)
学历
专科73(30.29)
本科及以上168(69.71)
专业岗位
卫生专业技术岗198(82.16)
非卫生专业技术岗43(17.84)
职称
初级108(44.81)
中级96(39.83)
副高21(8.71)
其他16(6.64)
是否有执业医师资格证
是18(7.47)
否223(92.53)
胜任力得分(分)4.15±0.50
专业素养3.86±0.67
职业价值4.40±0.56
个人效能4.20±0.58
), ArticleFig(id=1324050928894095455, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050916260852732, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Competency scores by demographic characteristics ()

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征条目均分一级指标
专业素养职业价值个人效能
性别
男4.06 ±0.623.73 ±0.724.31 ±0.654.13 ±0.69
女4.16 ±0.483.88 ±0.664.41 ±0.544.21 ±0.56
t值-0.918-1.104-0.785-0.639
P值0.3650.2760.4370.527
年龄(岁)
18~354.13 ±0.543.78 ±0.694.37 ±0.614.21 ±0.63
≥364.18 ±0.443.96 ±0.634.43 ±0.484.18 ±0.51
t值-0.853-2.137-0.7980.477
P值0.3940.0340.4260.634
工作年限(年)
1~54.07 ±0.513.81 ±0.554.22 ±0.614.16 ±0.60
6~104.25 ±0.493.91 ±0.624.52 ±0.544.30 ±0.58
≥114.14 ±0.493.86 ±0.754.43 ±0.514.16 ±0.56
F值2.0800.4355.3301.491
P值0.1270.6480.0050.227
所学专业
预防医学及其相关专业4.21 ±0.384.00 ±0.524.42 ±0.474.22 ±0.48
非预防医学及其相关专业4.14 ±0.513.84 ±0.684.39 ±0.564.20 ±0.59
t值0.7631.3430.2490.252
P值0.4500.1880.8050.803
学历
专科4.01 ±0.543.78 ±0.644.21 ±0.654.05 ±0.62
本科及以上4.21 ±0.473.89 ±0.684.48 ±0.494.26 ±0.55
t值-2.681-1.196-3.193-2.454
P值0.0080.2340.0020.016
专业岗位
卫生专业技术岗4.15 ±0.483.85 ±0.644.40 ±0.544.20 ±0.57
非卫生专业技术岗4.15 ±0.583.88 ±0.794.37 ±0.614.20 ±0.64
t值0.044-0.1660.3610.021
P值0.9650.8690.7190.983
职称
初级4.12 ±0.503.85 ±0.554.32 ±0.594.17 ±0.58
中级4.19 ±0.503.87 ±0.794.48 ±0.524.22 ±0.58
副高4.18 ±0.523.97 ±0.664.47 ±0.464.15 ±0.55
其他4.11 ±0.483.67 ±0.644.30 ±0.604.28 ±0.60
F值0.3940.6191.7290.308
P值0.7570.6030.1620.819
是否有执业医师资格证
是4.15 ±0.323.94 ±0.424.42 ±0.414.14 ±0.43
否4.15 ±0.513.85 ±0.684.39 ±0.574.20 ±0.59
t值0.0390.7990.236-0.614
P值0.9690.4320.8160.545
), ArticleFig(id=1324050928990564448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050916260852732, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

不同人口统计学指标下胜任力情况()

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特征条目均分一级指标
专业素养职业价值个人效能
性别
男4.06 ±0.623.73 ±0.724.31 ±0.654.13 ±0.69
女4.16 ±0.483.88 ±0.664.41 ±0.544.21 ±0.56
t值-0.918-1.104-0.785-0.639
P值0.3650.2760.4370.527
年龄(岁)
18~354.13 ±0.543.78 ±0.694.37 ±0.614.21 ±0.63
≥364.18 ±0.443.96 ±0.634.43 ±0.484.18 ±0.51
t值-0.853-2.137-0.7980.477
P值0.3940.0340.4260.634
工作年限(年)
1~54.07 ±0.513.81 ±0.554.22 ±0.614.16 ±0.60
6~104.25 ±0.493.91 ±0.624.52 ±0.544.30 ±0.58
≥114.14 ±0.493.86 ±0.754.43 ±0.514.16 ±0.56
F值2.0800.4355.3301.491
P值0.1270.6480.0050.227
所学专业
预防医学及其相关专业4.21 ±0.384.00 ±0.524.42 ±0.474.22 ±0.48
非预防医学及其相关专业4.14 ±0.513.84 ±0.684.39 ±0.564.20 ±0.59
t值0.7631.3430.2490.252
P值0.4500.1880.8050.803
学历
专科4.01 ±0.543.78 ±0.644.21 ±0.654.05 ±0.62
本科及以上4.21 ±0.473.89 ±0.684.48 ±0.494.26 ±0.55
t值-2.681-1.196-3.193-2.454
P值0.0080.2340.0020.016
专业岗位
卫生专业技术岗4.15 ±0.483.85 ±0.644.40 ±0.544.20 ±0.57
非卫生专业技术岗4.15 ±0.583.88 ±0.794.37 ±0.614.20 ±0.64
t值0.044-0.1660.3610.021
P值0.9650.8690.7190.983
职称
初级4.12 ±0.503.85 ±0.554.32 ±0.594.17 ±0.58
中级4.19 ±0.503.87 ±0.794.48 ±0.524.22 ±0.58
副高4.18 ±0.523.97 ±0.664.47 ±0.464.15 ±0.55
其他4.11 ±0.483.67 ±0.644.30 ±0.604.28 ±0.60
F值0.3940.6191.7290.308
P值0.7570.6030.1620.819
是否有执业医师资格证
是4.15 ±0.323.94 ±0.424.42 ±0.414.14 ±0.43
否4.15 ±0.513.85 ±0.684.39 ±0.574.20 ±0.59
t值0.0390.7990.236-0.614
P值0.9690.4320.8160.545
), ArticleFig(id=1324050929082839137, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050916260852732, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Basic characteristics of interviewees

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编号性别年龄(岁)学历工作年限(年)职称岗位类型
001女43硕士17副高级综合管理
002女30硕士3初级疾病预防控制
003女28硕士1初级疾病预防控制
004男32本科9中级疾病预防控制
005女37硕士11中级疾病预防控制
006女37本科15中级健康管理、健康教育、基础医疗服务
007女42本科18无健康管理、健康教育
008男36大专8无健康管理、健康教育
009女33本科11中级健康管理、健康教育
010女25大专4无疾病预防控制
011女48大专29无健康管理、健康教育
012男39本科15初级健康管理、健康教育
013男28大专6无健康管理、健康教育
014女35大专16无基础医疗服务、健康教育健康管理
015女36本科14中级健康管理
016女37大专14初级疾病预防控制
017女35本科15中级疾病预防控制、孕产妇健康管理
018女38本科16初级健康管理
019女30本科10中级健康管理
020男27大专4无健康管理
021男46本科26副高级健康管理
022女35本科13中级疾病预防控制
023女43中专16中级疾病预防控制
024女38大专12中级健康教育
025女45大专22中级综合管理
026女36大专9初级基础医疗服务、健康管理
027女29本科12初级健康管理
028女32中专9无健康管理
), ArticleFig(id=1324050929166725218, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050916260852732, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

访谈对象基本特征表

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编号性别年龄(岁)学历工作年限(年)职称岗位类型
001女43硕士17副高级综合管理
002女30硕士3初级疾病预防控制
003女28硕士1初级疾病预防控制
004男32本科9中级疾病预防控制
005女37硕士11中级疾病预防控制
006女37本科15中级健康管理、健康教育、基础医疗服务
007女42本科18无健康管理、健康教育
008男36大专8无健康管理、健康教育
009女33本科11中级健康管理、健康教育
010女25大专4无疾病预防控制
011女48大专29无健康管理、健康教育
012男39本科15初级健康管理、健康教育
013男28大专6无健康管理、健康教育
014女35大专16无基础医疗服务、健康教育健康管理
015女36本科14中级健康管理
016女37大专14初级疾病预防控制
017女35本科15中级疾病预防控制、孕产妇健康管理
018女38本科16初级健康管理
019女30本科10中级健康管理
020男27大专4无健康管理
021男46本科26副高级健康管理
022女35本科13中级疾病预防控制
023女43中专16中级疾病预防控制
024女38大专12中级健康教育
025女45大专22中级综合管理
026女36大专9初级基础医疗服务、健康管理
027女29本科12初级健康管理
028女32中专9无健康管理
), ArticleFig(id=1324050929254805603, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050916260852732, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Open code

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
范畴初始概念
B01 服务对象特征(78)A01服务对象的负向意愿(55)、A02服务对象隐私需求(11)、A03服务对象健康意识(6)、A04服务对象知晓度(4)、A05服务对象期望(1)、A06服务对象流动性(1)
B02 专业能力(51)A07 专业知识需求(48)、A08专业知识灵活运用(2)、A09 专业知识通俗化(1)
B03 工作压力负荷(46)A10 工作量大(14)、A11工作繁杂琐碎(12)、A12 高工作指标(8)、A13 个人时间缺乏(6)、A14工作困难(2)、A15 双重职责负荷(2)、A16 工作与居民利益冲突(2)
……
B20 资源体系(14)A115 人员不足(5)、A116 资源分配矛盾(3)、A117 资源提供充足(3)、A118 资源汇总需求(2)、A119 社区硬件不足(1)
), ArticleFig(id=1324050929342885988, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050916260852732, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

开放性编码

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
范畴初始概念
B01 服务对象特征(78)A01服务对象的负向意愿(55)、A02服务对象隐私需求(11)、A03服务对象健康意识(6)、A04服务对象知晓度(4)、A05服务对象期望(1)、A06服务对象流动性(1)
B02 专业能力(51)A07 专业知识需求(48)、A08专业知识灵活运用(2)、A09 专业知识通俗化(1)
B03 工作压力负荷(46)A10 工作量大(14)、A11工作繁杂琐碎(12)、A12 高工作指标(8)、A13 个人时间缺乏(6)、A14工作困难(2)、A15 双重职责负荷(2)、A16 工作与居民利益冲突(2)
……
B20 资源体系(14)A115 人员不足(5)、A116 资源分配矛盾(3)、A117 资源提供充足(3)、A118 资源汇总需求(2)、A119 社区硬件不足(1)
), ArticleFig(id=1324050929502269541, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050916260852732, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

Main categories and subcategories of factors influencing job competency

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主范畴范畴
C01职业能力(131)B01专业能力(51)、B02实践与创新能力(26)、B03基础职业素养(23)B04学习与适应能力(20)B05 职业认同与发展(11)
C02组织环境(118)B06工作压力负荷(46)、B07培训和发展体系(29)、B08工作客观条件(22)、B09组织协作机制(21)
C03社会响应(89)B10服务对象特征(78)、B11社会因素(11)
C04综合能力(76)B12沟通协调能力(37)、B13性格特质(20)、B14心理素质(9)、B15 应急处置能力(8)、B16 信息处理能力(2)
C05制度保障(51)B17政策与制度(23)、B18环境职业风险与保障(14)、B19激励与评价机制(14)
C06资源体系(14)B20资源支持体系(14)
), ArticleFig(id=1324050929665847398, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050916260852732, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

岗位胜任力影响因素主范畴与范畴

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
主范畴范畴
C01职业能力(131)B01专业能力(51)、B02实践与创新能力(26)、B03基础职业素养(23)B04学习与适应能力(20)B05 职业认同与发展(11)
C02组织环境(118)B06工作压力负荷(46)、B07培训和发展体系(29)、B08工作客观条件(22)、B09组织协作机制(21)
C03社会响应(89)B10服务对象特征(78)、B11社会因素(11)
C04综合能力(76)B12沟通协调能力(37)、B13性格特质(20)、B14心理素质(9)、B15 应急处置能力(8)、B16 信息处理能力(2)
C05制度保障(51)B17政策与制度(23)、B18环境职业风险与保障(14)、B19激励与评价机制(14)
C06资源体系(14)B20资源支持体系(14)
), ArticleFig(id=1324050929816842343, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050916260852732, language=EN, label=Table 7, caption=

Table of influencing factors hierarchy

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主范畴范畴参考点占比(%)合计(%)
职业能力27.35
专业能力5110.65
职业认同与发展112.30
学习与适应能力204.18
实践与创新能力265.43
基础职业素养234.80
组织环境24.63
组织协作机制214.38
培训和发展体系296.05
工作压力负荷469.60
社会响应18.58
工作客观条件224.59
社会因素112.30
服务对象特征7816.28
综合能力15.87
应急处置能力81.67
性格特质204.18
信息处理能力20.42
心理素质91.88
沟通协调能力377.72
制度保障10.65
职业风险与保障142.92
政策与制度环境234.80
激励与评价机制142.92
资源体系资源支持体系142.922.92
), ArticleFig(id=1324050929900728424, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050916260852732, language=CN, label=表7, caption=

影响因素层次占比表

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主范畴范畴参考点占比(%)合计(%)
职业能力27.35
专业能力5110.65
职业认同与发展112.30
学习与适应能力204.18
实践与创新能力265.43
基础职业素养234.80
组织环境24.63
组织协作机制214.38
培训和发展体系296.05
工作压力负荷469.60
社会响应18.58
工作客观条件224.59
社会因素112.30
服务对象特征7816.28
综合能力15.87
应急处置能力81.67
性格特质204.18
信息处理能力20.42
心理素质91.88
沟通协调能力377.72
制度保障10.65
职业风险与保障142.92
政策与制度环境234.80
激励与评价机制142.92
资源体系资源支持体系142.922.92
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医防融合背景下社区卫生服务中心承担公共卫生相关职责人员岗位胜任力调查——以成都市为例
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龙璐 1, 2 , 罗雨晴 1 , 李晓东 1 , 王明芳 1 , 罗希 3 , 卿烈铭 4 , 刘建新 5 , 李晓静 6 , 潘杰 1, 2 , 廖娟 2, 7
现代预防医学 | 基层卫生服务 2026,53(11): 2024-2031
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现代预防医学 |基层卫生服务 2026 , 53 (11) : 2024 -2031
医防融合背景下社区卫生服务中心承担公共卫生相关职责人员岗位胜任力调查——以成都市为例
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龙璐1, 2, 罗雨晴1, 李晓东1, 王明芳1, 罗希3, 卿烈铭4, 刘建新5, 李晓静6, 潘杰1, 2, 廖娟2, 7
作者信息
  • 1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院流行病与卫生统计学系,四川 成都 610041
  • 2.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院健康新质生产力研究所,四川 成都 610041
  • 3.成都高新区石羊社区卫生服务中心
  • 4.成都市天府新区将军碑社区卫生服务中心
  • 5.成都市锦江区成龙路社区卫生服务中心
  • 6.成都市锦江区疾病预防控制中心
  • 7.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院消化内科,四川 成都 610041
通讯作者:
廖娟,E-mail:
作者简介:

龙璐(1986—),女,博士,副研究员,研究方向:流行病与卫生统计学

Assessment of job competency for personnel with public health-related responsibilities in community health service centers in the context of integrated medical and preventive care: evidence from Chengdu
Lu LONG1, 2, Yu-qing LUO1, Xiao-dong LI1, Ming-fang WANG1, Xi LUO3, Lie-ming QING4, Jian-xin LIU5, Xiao-jing LI6, Jie PAN1, 2, Juan LIAO2, 7
Affiliations
  • Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health/West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
出版时间: 2026-06-10 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202510171
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目的

了解医防融合背景下社区卫生服务中心公共卫生专业岗位胜任力现况以及胜任力影响因素。

方法

使用混合研究设计方法,定量研究采用多阶段抽样法,根据岗位胜任力评定量表,以自我评价的方式对岗位胜任力自评;定性研究,采用一对一面谈方式,基于扎根理论,使用三级编码,探究公共卫生相关职责人员岗位胜任力影响因素。

结果

定量研究显示岗位胜任力得分为(4.15±0.50),三个维度自评得分由高到低依次为:职业价值(4.40±0.56)、个人效能(4.20±0.58)、专业素养(3.86±0.67)。学历是影响岗位胜任力总分的主要因素(P<0.05);年龄和工作年限虽对总分影响不显著,但分别在专业素养和职业价值维度存在显著差异(P<0.05)。定性研究提取出职业能力、组织环境、社会响应、综合能力、制度保障与资源体系六个影响因素,其中职业能力与组织环境占比最高,分别为27.35%、24.63%。

结论

成都市社区卫生服务中心公共卫生相关职责人员的总体岗位胜任力得分为4.15分,呈现“职业价值感高、专业素养相对不足”的特征。胜任力受多维度因素影响,应注重从职业能力培养、组织环境优化、制度保障完善等方面系统提升人员胜任力。

医防融合  /  混合研究设计  /  岗位胜任力
Objective

To investigate the current status and influencing factors of job competency among personnel with public health-related responsibilities in community health service centers within the context of the integration of medical care and disease prevention.

Methods

Using a mixed research design approach, the quantitative research employed a multistage sampling method. Based on the job competency assessment scale, self-assessment of job competency was conducted through self-evaluation. For the qualitative study, one-on-one interviews were conducted, and three-level coding based on grounded theory was used to explore the influencing factors of job competency among personnel with public health-related responsibilities.

Results

The quantitative research indicated a job competency score of 4.15±0.50. Across the three dimensions, the self-rated scores in descending order were: professional values (4.40±0.56), personal efficacy (4.20±0.58), and professional literacy (3.86±0.67). Educational attainment was identified as the primary factor influencing the total competency score (P<0.05). Although age and years of work experience did not significantly affect the total score, they showed significant differences in the dimensions of professional literacy and professional values, respectively (P<0.05). The qualitative analysis extracted six influencing factors: professional capability, organizational environment, social responsiveness, comprehensive skills, institutional safeguards, and resource systems. Among these, professional capability (27.35%) and organizational environment (24.63%) accounted for the highest proportions.

Conclusion

The overall job competency score of personnel with public health-related responsibilities in community health service centers in Chengdu was 4.15, demonstrating a structural pattern characterized by “high professional values yet relatively insufficient professional literacy”. Competency is influenced by multidimensional factors. Systematic efforts should be directed toward enhancing professional training, optimizing the organizational environment, and improving institutional safeguards to comprehensively strengthen personnel competency.

Medicine and prevention integration  /  Mixed methods research design  /  Job competency
龙璐, 罗雨晴, 李晓东, 王明芳, 罗希, 卿烈铭, 刘建新, 李晓静, 潘杰, 廖娟. 医防融合背景下社区卫生服务中心承担公共卫生相关职责人员岗位胜任力调查——以成都市为例. 现代预防医学, 2026 , 53 (11) : 2024 -2031 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202510171
Lu LONG, Yu-qing LUO, Xiao-dong LI, Ming-fang WANG, Xi LUO, Lie-ming QING, Jian-xin LIU, Xiao-jing LI, Jie PAN, Juan LIAO. Assessment of job competency for personnel with public health-related responsibilities in community health service centers in the context of integrated medical and preventive care: evidence from Chengdu[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2026 , 53 (11) : 2024 -2031 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202510171
医防融合作为一种新型卫生服务模式,目的是把医疗和公共卫生系统所承担的促进健康责任机制整合起来,实现对人群健康全生命周期的管理,以及医疗卫生服务体系的高效有序运行[1-3]。在医防融合的背景下,公共卫生领域面临着诸多挑战,如传染病防控的复杂性、健康差异问题以及多学科合作的必要性等问题,对公共卫生专业人员的专业素质提出了更高的要求,需要具备多学科的知识背景、数据分析能力、沟通和协调能力、政策理解能力以及快速应对变化的能力[4]。
胜任力概念自21世纪初引入医疗卫生领域以来,逐渐成为研究人员关注的焦点。2004年起,国内开始对卫生系统人员的岗位胜任力进行研究[5],但主要集中在疾控机构领导[6]、卫生监督人员[7]和预防专业学生[8]等人群,缺乏针对医防融合背景下社区“医防复合型”人才的研究。社区卫生服务中心公共卫生人员的岗位胜任力具有明显的基层整合性与服务实操性特征,其能力构成既不同于以技术指导与策略研究为核心的疾控机构人员,也不同于尚处于知识积累阶段的预防医学生。本研究结合混合研究设计,了解社区卫生服务中心公共卫生专业岗位胜任力现况以及胜任力的影响因素,以期为公共卫生人才培养改革路径提供参考依据。
采用混合方法设计。通过定量调查描绘胜任力现状;基于定量结果中发现的问题,通过定性访谈深入探究背后的影响因素。该设计旨在实现“数据互补”,从而全面、深入地理解研究问题。
本研究采用多阶段抽样,在成都市随机抽取5个区,随后在每个区内随机选取1家社区卫生服务中心,以所选机构中所有从事公共卫生相关工作的在职人员作为研究对象。排除未完成问卷、未通过逻辑检查、工作年限不足一年及非公共卫生岗位从业者,最终回收有效问卷241份。问卷调查采用匿名方式进行,调查对象均为自愿参与,并在填写问卷前知晓研究目的。
本研究已通过四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院伦理委员会审查批准(伦理编号:Gwll2024046)。
样本量估算基于以往类似研究中[6-9]的岗位胜任力总分均值4.36与标准差0.58,设定允许误差取0.15,置信度水平为95%(α=0.05),根据公式计算得出最小样本量n=57。本研究实际纳入样本量满足统计学要求。
在中国知网、万方、PubMed、MEDLINE、Web of Science 等中外文数据库中对相关文献进行检索,联合与公共卫生、疾控机构相关的政策文件、法律法规,结合我国目前社区卫生服务中心的公共卫生专业人员岗位服务要点以及咨询专家,拟定了社区公共卫生人员岗位胜任力评价指标体系。该量表共包含3个一级指标,57个二级指标,(1)专业素养:传染性疾病的预防措施、描述疾病和健康的分布情况等17个指标;(2)职业价值:爱岗敬业、积极主动等15个指标;(3)个人效能:人际沟通、应变能力等25个指标。
调查内容包括个人基本信息以及胜任力自评表两部分。个人基本信息涵盖性别、年龄、学历、工作年限、职称等,社区公共卫生人员岗位胜任力自评表表采用Likert 5级评分法,按符合程度分为非常不同意、不同意、一般同意、同意、非常同意,相应赋予分值1、2、3、4、5,用以客观评价他们在各维度方面的岗位胜任力水平。胜任力评价的结果以各维度及总量表的均分作为评价依据,得分区间为 1.00~5.00 分。得分越高,表明该条目或维度的岗位胜任力水平越高。
为保证测量工具的科学性与适用性,本研究分别基于预调查(n=30)与正式调查(n=241)数据,对社区公共卫生人员岗位胜任力评价量表进行信效度检验。
(1)信度检验:预调查与正式调查中,总量表的Cronbach α系数分别为0.982和0.978,各维度系数均分别在0.970和0.965以上,表明量表内部一致性优良。
(2)效度检验:两次调查的KMO值分别为0.807和0.953,Bartlett球形检验均达到显著水平(P<0.001,正式调查近似χ2值为19 097.62)。探索性因子分析(exploratory factor analysis,EFA)提取的公因子与预设理论维度高度吻合,累积方差贡献率分别为76.51%与70.00%。
结果表明,该量表具备良好的稳定性和结构效度。
使用R 4.4.2进行数据分析。计量资料采用(均数±标准差)表示,组间比较使用t检验和方差分析,方差分析两两比较使用Tukey检验;计数资料使用率和百分比表示,组间比较使用χ2检验。检验水准α=0.05。
采用目的性抽样法,对成都市社区卫生服务中心的公共卫生职责人员开展半结构化访谈;在此基础上,结合访谈所获信息,运用理论抽样方法[10],进一步选取其他相关公共卫生职责人员作为访谈对象,直至达到信息饱和。访谈前已向受访者说明研究目的及内容,并取得其知情同意。见表1。
围绕“基层公共卫生人员岗位胜任力”这一访谈核心问题,在文献研究的基础上,初步形成访谈大纲,包括:(1)具体工作岗位的职责;(2)入职后的变化与困难;(3)岗位胜任力情况;(4)影响岗位胜任力的因素。
采用一对一面谈方式,访谈时间从15 min~1 h不等,为方便获取更加准确详细的访谈资料以及后续资料的分析整理, 本研究在征得受访者同意后进行全程录音,访谈结束后24 h内完成文字转录工作,同步记录受访者语气变化、表情等非言语信息,并在文本中进行标注,以便分析与深入解读。
本研究采用程序化扎根理论的方法[11],运用Nvivo 12.0软件对逐字稿进行三级编码,具体步骤包括:(1)开放性编码:对收集到的访谈原始数据资料进行整理、归纳和分析,使词语句段逐步实现概念化和范畴化的过程;(2)主轴编码:对已初步确立的初始范畴展开系统整合,进而搭建起更具聚类性、抽象性以及综合性的主要概念架构,以此深化对研究内容的理解与认识;(3)选择性编码:系统分析范畴间联系,提炼核心范畴,构建理论模型。根据上述步骤构建出社区公共卫生相关职责人员岗位胜任力影响因素模型,得出社区卫生服务中心公共卫生相关职责人员岗位胜任力影响因素比重。比重基于该主范畴下所有参考点频数占总参考点数的百分比计算,体现该因素在访谈中出现的相对重要性。数据饱和定义为在不获取其他额外数据情况下,不再产生新类属或丰富现有类属。
本次回收问卷241份,男性31人(12.86%),女性210人(87.14%);35岁以下的占57.26%;预防医学及其相关专业占比10.37%;工作年限1~5、6~10和11年以上分别占比26.56%、26.97%、46.47%;专科、本科及以上学历占比分别为30.29%、69.71%;卫生专业技术岗位占比82.16%;有公共卫生执业医师资格证占比7.47%。见表2。
岗位胜任力量表得分为(4.15±0.50),3个一级指标自评得分依次为:专业素养(3.86±0.67)、职业价值(4.40±0.56)、个人效能(4.20±0.58),见表2。3个一级指标自评得分差异具有统计学意义(F=909.926,P<0.001)。
不同学历层次调查对象的岗位胜任力存在差异。本科及以上学历人员的岗位胜任力得分为(4.21±0.47),高于专科学历人员的(4.01±0.54)(P<0.05)。在维度层面,本科及以上学历人员在职业价值和个人效能维度上的得分亦显著高于专科学历人员(P<0.05)。36岁及以上组的专业素养得分高于18~35岁组(P<0.05);6~10年组的职业价值得分高于1~5年组(P<0.05)。不同性别、职称及是否持有执业医师资格证的调查对象,其岗位胜任力得分及其各维度得分均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。见表3。
以人员主体职责为标准,本次访谈最终纳入疾病预防与控制人员9人、健康管理14人、健康教育1人、基础医疗服务2人、综合管理2人,共计28人。见表4。
开放性编码形成了479个基层公共卫生人员岗位胜任力相关的参考点,经过整理,最终得到了119个初始无重复的概念。概括出20个初始范畴,表5列举部分开放性编码情况。
基于开放性编码所获取的20个范畴,通过对概念进行聚类分析和范畴化处理来归纳得出6个主范畴,见表6。分别是职业能力、组织环境、社会响应、综合能力、制度保障、资源体系。通过识别出核心范畴,构建知识地图,见图1。
使用Nvivo12软件中的可视化功能,形成各影响因素在总体影响因素中的占比层次图,见图2。此图可直观得出社区卫生服务中心公共卫生相关职责人员岗位胜任力影响因素的占比层次;结合影响因素占比表,见表7,可观察到职业能力与组织环境是占比最大的因素,分别为27.35%与24.63%,其次是社会响应、综合能力、制度保障,资源体系是占比最小的因素,为2.92%。
本研究基于混合方法对成都市社区卫生服务中心公共卫生人员进行调查。定量结果显示,岗位胜任力总体自评得分为4.15,呈现“职业价值感高、专业素养相对不足”的结构性特征。学历是影响总分的关键因素,高学历人员综合胜任力更强;年龄和工作年限虽对总分无显著影响,但在专业素养和职业价值维度呈现组间差异。36岁及以上组专业素养得分高于18~35岁组,提示从业经验对理论不足形成“经验补偿效应”。定性研究显示,年轻及新入职人员频繁提及“专业能力需求”(职业能力范畴占比27.35%),反映其知识储备难以应对复杂的公卫实务。
职业价值维度存在“高认同感”与“低获得感”的矛盾。定量数据显示该维度得分最高,表明基层人员具备较强职业认同。但定性研究揭示,服务对象负向意愿占比达11.48%,访谈对象多次提及工作负荷大且常遭拒斥或缺乏正向反馈,导致职业成就感缺失。这种“高自我期许”与“低外部反馈”的落差,提示需通过增强社会认可、优化服务互动、健全激励机制来稳固职业价值认同。
工作年限与年龄差异揭示了能力建设的结构性特征。10年以上工龄和36岁以上人员在专业素养维度得分显著更高,而年轻人员职业价值得分较低,与顾花蓉等[12]的研究一致。定性分析发现,老员工的高专业素养得益于“经验补偿效应”及深厚群众基础;1~5年工龄年轻人员面对“临床与预防复合型能力”要求,感到理论与实际脱节。加之“基层老带新机制缺乏”与“事务性工作繁重”,导致年轻人员在跨部门协作中受挫,引发职业认同感降低。因此,基层需建立临床-预防交叉轮转培训机制,并通过制度化导师制强化经验传承。
学历分析显示,本科及以上人员在总分、职业价值及个人效能维度均优于专科及以下人员。根据人力资本理论,高学历人才具备更扎实的理论基础和解决复杂问题的能力,在医防融合背景下展现更强适应性。这提示未来应注重人才引进的学历层次,并强化“知识转化能力”培养。
基于上述发现,本文提出构建“能力-资源-制度-环境”四维协同提升机制。能力建设:强化实践导向的继续教育,建立“临床-公卫联合培训”机制,提升医防协同能力。资源整合:补齐人力与硬件短板,通过制度化“导师制”提升经验传承效率[13]。制度保障:优化职业晋升与绩效考核体系,建立以胜任力为核心的评价导向,将医防协同成效纳入评价;推行职责清单化管理,明确岗位边界。环境优化:建立疾控机构、综合医院与社区卫生服务中心的常态化联动机制[14],通过联合演练、数据共享、流程再造提升协作效能,强化社会响应能力。
  • 四川大学华西公共卫生学院健康新质生产力研究所课题(HN240401B)
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2026年第53卷第11期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202510171
  • 接收时间:2025-10-14
  • 首发时间:2026-11-02
  • 出版时间:2026-06-10
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  • 收稿日期:2025-10-14
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四川大学华西公共卫生学院健康新质生产力研究所课题(HN240401B)
作者信息
    1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院流行病与卫生统计学系,四川 成都 610041
    2.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院健康新质生产力研究所,四川 成都 610041
    3.成都高新区石羊社区卫生服务中心
    4.成都市天府新区将军碑社区卫生服务中心
    5.成都市锦江区成龙路社区卫生服务中心
    6.成都市锦江区疾病预防控制中心
    7.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院消化内科,四川 成都 610041

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
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属
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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