Article(id=1324050834312540734, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1324050669933572771, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202510088, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1759852800000, receivedDateStr=2025-10-08, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793607918575, onlineDateStr=2026-11-02, pubDate=1778342400000, pubDateStr=2026-05-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793607918575, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-11-02, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793607918575, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793607918575, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1324050669933572771, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2026', volume='53', issue='9', pageStart='1537', pageEnd='1728', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1778342400000', pubDateStr='2026-05-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793607879384, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793670100562, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1324311644528050975, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1324050669933572771, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1324311644528050976, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1324050669933572771, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1569, endPage=1573, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1324050834723582527, articleId=1324050834312540734, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Association between the metabolic score for insulin resistance and the risk of gallstone disease, columnId=1240413921954295836, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Epidemiology and Statistical Methods, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

This study aims to investigate the association between the metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR) and the risk of gallstone disease (GSD).

Methods

Data were collected from participants who underwent health examinations at four hospital health management centers in Chongqing and Beijing between 2015 and 2020. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed to examine the correlation between METS-IR and GSD risk across different centers, and a meta-analysis was conducted to pool the results from each hospital.

Results

A total of 543 371 participants were included in this study, with a GSD prevalence of 8.05%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed a positive correlation between METS-IR and GSD risk, with each unit increase in METS-IR associated with a 3.5% increase in GSD prevalence (OR=1.035, 95% CI:1.027-1.042). After converting METS-IR into categorical variables based on quartiles, the results indicated that the prevalence of GSD in the highest quartile group was 2.268 times that of the lowest quartile group (OR=2.268, 95% CI:1.827-2.709). In various subgroups categorized by age, gender, and gallstone subtype, METS-IR remained significantly positively correlated with the risk of GSD.

Conclusion

Insulin resistance significantly increases the risk of GSD. In the future, screening should be implemented for high-risk populations with insulin resistance to enable early detection and reduce the disease burden of gallstone disease.

, authors=Xin WANG1, Meng-lin HE1, Jing LUO1, Yi JIANG1, Xuan BAI1, Lin-jun XIE1, Yi-ting XU1, Hong-yu LI1, Guo-heng JIANG1, Wen-qian YU1, Hong YANG1, Cui-hua ZHANG1, Zi-jie CHEN1, Jin ZHOU2, Yan-mei LOU3, Guang-can LI4, Xue-feng SHAN5, Yang YANG6, Fei LI7, Xin WANG1, authorsList=Xin WANG, Meng-lin HE, Jing LUO, Yi JIANG, Xuan BAI, Lin-jun XIE, Yi-ting XU, Hong-yu LI, Guo-heng JIANG, Wen-qian YU, Hong YANG, Cui-hua ZHANG, Zi-jie CHEN, Jin ZHOU, Yan-mei LOU, Guang-can LI, Xue-feng SHAN, Yang YANG, Fei LI, Xin WANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Xin WANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1324050837982556738, articleId=1324050834312540734, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=CN, title=胰岛素抵抗代谢评分与胆石症患病风险的关联性研究, columnId=1228016567632462653, journalTitle=现代预防医学, columnName=流行病与统计方法, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

研究胰岛素抵抗代谢评分(metabolic score for insulin resistance,METS-IR)与胆石症患病风险的关联性。

方法

收集2015—2020年在重庆市、北京市共4家医院健康管理中心接受健康检查的研究对象数据,采用多因素logistic回归模型分析不同中心METS-IR与胆石症患病风险的相关性,并对4家中心的结果进行meta分析合并。

结果

本项目共纳入543 371名研究对象,胆石症患病率为8.05%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,METS-IR与胆石症患病风险呈正相关,METS-IR每增加一个单位,胆石症患病率增加3.5%(OR=1.035,95% CI:1.027~1.042)。将METS-IR根据四分位数转化为分类变量后,结果显示最高四分位数组的胆石症患病率是最低四分位数组的2.268倍(OR=2.268,95% CI:1.827~2.709)。在不同的年龄、性别和胆石症分型亚组中,METS-IR与胆石症患病风险仍呈显著正相关。

结论

胰岛素抵抗会显著增加胆石症患病风险,未来应为胰岛素抵抗高风险人群进行筛查,早期发现病人,降低胆石症疾病负担。

, authors=王欣1, 何梦琳1, 罗菁1, 江奕1, 白轩1, 谢林君1, 徐逸婷1, 李鸿钰1, 江果恒1, 于文倩1, 杨红1, 张翠华1, 陈梓洁1, 周晋2, 娄彦梅3, 李光灿4, 单雪峰5, 杨洋6, 李飞7, 王新1, authorsList=王欣, 何梦琳, 罗菁, 江奕, 白轩, 谢林君, 徐逸婷, 李鸿钰, 江果恒, 于文倩, 杨红, 张翠华, 陈梓洁, 周晋, 娄彦梅, 李光灿, 单雪峰, 杨洋, 李飞, 王新, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=王新, authorNote=

王欣(2002—),女,本科在读,研究方向:流行病与卫生统计学

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王新,E-mail:
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Baseline characteristics of subjects based on multicenter data [M(P25,P75),n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标胆石症组(n=43 746)非胆石症组(n=499 625)Z/χ2值P值
年龄(岁)52.00(44.00,61.00)43.00(32.00,52.00)-137.675<0.001
男性21 073(48.17)283 948(56.83)
女性22 673(51.83)215 676(43.17)1 225.400<0.001
BMI(kg/m2)25.00(22.89,27.18)23.75(21.50,26.09)-72.709<0.001
收缩压(mm Hg)127.00(115.00,140.00)120.00(110.00,133.00)-66.428<0.001
舒张压(mm Hg)78.00(70.00,87.00)75.00(68.00,83.00)-46.747<0.001
空腹血糖(mmol/L)5.50(5.10,6.06)5.27(4.95,5.66)-77.317<0.001
总胆固醇(mmol/L)5.03(4.41,5.69)4.88(4.29,5.54)-28.942<0.001
甘油三酯(mmol/L)1.52(1.07,2.24)1.28(0.89,1.93)-58.288<0.001
HDL-C(mmol/L)1.31(1.12,1.54)1.35(1.15,1.59)-23.299<0.001
LDL-C(mmol/L)2.73(2.29,3.22)2.65(2.21,3.16)-19.222<0.001
总胆红素(μmol/L)13.40(10.70,17.00)13.20(10.50,16.80)-5.690<0.001
尿酸(μmol/L)336.30(279.00,400.13)334.00(273.60,400.70)-5.850<0.001
尿素氮(mmol/L)5.14(4.30,6.10)5.00(4.20,6.00)-19.514<0.001
DBil(μmol/L)3.20(2.50,4.10)3.20(2.50,4.20)-4.095<0.001
IBil(μmol/L)11.20(8.80,14.40)11.10(8.70,14.20)-3.483<0.001
METS-IR37.57(32.93,42.50)34.62(29.85,40.00)-75.266<0.001
胆囊切除22 528(51.50)
肾结石1 945(4.45)17 197(3.44)119.332<0.001
脂肪肝18 420(42.11)138 234(27.67)4 087.218<0.001
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基于多中心数据的研究对象基线特征[M(P25,P75),n(%)]

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指标胆石症组(n=43 746)非胆石症组(n=499 625)Z/χ2值P值
年龄(岁)52.00(44.00,61.00)43.00(32.00,52.00)-137.675<0.001
男性21 073(48.17)283 948(56.83)
女性22 673(51.83)215 676(43.17)1 225.400<0.001
BMI(kg/m2)25.00(22.89,27.18)23.75(21.50,26.09)-72.709<0.001
收缩压(mm Hg)127.00(115.00,140.00)120.00(110.00,133.00)-66.428<0.001
舒张压(mm Hg)78.00(70.00,87.00)75.00(68.00,83.00)-46.747<0.001
空腹血糖(mmol/L)5.50(5.10,6.06)5.27(4.95,5.66)-77.317<0.001
总胆固醇(mmol/L)5.03(4.41,5.69)4.88(4.29,5.54)-28.942<0.001
甘油三酯(mmol/L)1.52(1.07,2.24)1.28(0.89,1.93)-58.288<0.001
HDL-C(mmol/L)1.31(1.12,1.54)1.35(1.15,1.59)-23.299<0.001
LDL-C(mmol/L)2.73(2.29,3.22)2.65(2.21,3.16)-19.222<0.001
总胆红素(μmol/L)13.40(10.70,17.00)13.20(10.50,16.80)-5.690<0.001
尿酸(μmol/L)336.30(279.00,400.13)334.00(273.60,400.70)-5.850<0.001
尿素氮(mmol/L)5.14(4.30,6.10)5.00(4.20,6.00)-19.514<0.001
DBil(μmol/L)3.20(2.50,4.10)3.20(2.50,4.20)-4.095<0.001
IBil(μmol/L)11.20(8.80,14.40)11.10(8.70,14.20)-3.483<0.001
METS-IR37.57(32.93,42.50)34.62(29.85,40.00)-75.266<0.001
胆囊切除22 528(51.50)
肾结石1 945(4.45)17 197(3.44)119.332<0.001
脂肪肝18 420(42.11)138 234(27.67)4 087.218<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1324050862045278916, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050834312540734, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

METS-IR and GSD risk based on multicenter data: a subgroup multivariable logistic regression analysis

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组别OR(95%CI)P值
METS-IR1.035(1.027~1.042)<0.001
METS-IR四分位数
Q11.000
Q21.457(1.319~1.594)<0.001
Q31.913(1.700~2.126)<0.001
Q42.268(1.827~2.709)<0.001
年龄亚组(岁)
<401.047(1.032~1.062)<0.001
40~601.030(1.023~1.037)0.002
>601.034(1.024~1.044)0.013
性别亚组
男性1.033(1.026~1.039)0.003
女性1.040(1.031~1.049)0.002
疾病亚型
胆囊结石
METS-IR1.029(1.022~1.036)<0.001
METS-IR四分位数
Q11.000
Q21.404(1.317~1.490)<0.001
Q31.850(1.610~2.089)<0.001
Q42.150(1.682~2.617)<0.001
胆囊切除
METS-IR1.030(1.025~1.035)<0.001
METS-IR四分位数
Q11.000
Q21.447(1.355~1.538)<0.001
Q31.871(1.752~1.990)<0.001
Q42.184(1.900~2.468)<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1324050862317908677, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050834312540734, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

基于多中心数据的METS-IR与胆石症风险及亚组多因素logistic回归分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别OR(95%CI)P值
METS-IR1.035(1.027~1.042)<0.001
METS-IR四分位数
Q11.000
Q21.457(1.319~1.594)<0.001
Q31.913(1.700~2.126)<0.001
Q42.268(1.827~2.709)<0.001
年龄亚组(岁)
<401.047(1.032~1.062)<0.001
40~601.030(1.023~1.037)0.002
>601.034(1.024~1.044)0.013
性别亚组
男性1.033(1.026~1.039)0.003
女性1.040(1.031~1.049)0.002
疾病亚型
胆囊结石
METS-IR1.029(1.022~1.036)<0.001
METS-IR四分位数
Q11.000
Q21.404(1.317~1.490)<0.001
Q31.850(1.610~2.089)<0.001
Q42.150(1.682~2.617)<0.001
胆囊切除
METS-IR1.030(1.025~1.035)<0.001
METS-IR四分位数
Q11.000
Q21.447(1.355~1.538)<0.001
Q31.871(1.752~1.990)<0.001
Q42.184(1.900~2.468)<0.001
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胰岛素抵抗代谢评分与胆石症患病风险的关联性研究
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王欣 1 , 何梦琳 1 , 罗菁 1 , 江奕 1 , 白轩 1 , 谢林君 1 , 徐逸婷 1 , 李鸿钰 1 , 江果恒 1 , 于文倩 1 , 杨红 1 , 张翠华 1 , 陈梓洁 1 , 周晋 2 , 娄彦梅 3 , 李光灿 4 , 单雪峰 5 , 杨洋 6 , 李飞 7 , 王新 1
现代预防医学 | 流行病与统计方法 2026,53(9): 1569-1573
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现代预防医学 |流行病与统计方法 2026 , 53 (9) : 1569 -1573
胰岛素抵抗代谢评分与胆石症患病风险的关联性研究
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王欣1, 何梦琳1, 罗菁1, 江奕1, 白轩1, 谢林君1, 徐逸婷1, 李鸿钰1, 江果恒1, 于文倩1, 杨红1, 张翠华1, 陈梓洁1, 周晋2, 娄彦梅3, 李光灿4, 单雪峰5, 杨洋6, 李飞7, 王新1
作者信息
  • 1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院流行病与卫生统计学系,四川 成都 610041
  • 2.成都中医药大学附属医院肛肠科
  • 3.北京小汤山医院健康管理中心
  • 4.重庆市开州区人民医院药剂科
  • 5.重庆市璧山区人民医院药剂科
  • 6.重庆医科大学附属第一医院健康管理中心
  • 7.重庆大学附属黔江医院药学部
通讯作者:
王新,E-mail:
作者简介:

王欣(2002—),女,本科在读,研究方向:流行病与卫生统计学

Association between the metabolic score for insulin resistance and the risk of gallstone disease
Xin WANG1, Meng-lin HE1, Jing LUO1, Yi JIANG1, Xuan BAI1, Lin-jun XIE1, Yi-ting XU1, Hong-yu LI1, Guo-heng JIANG1, Wen-qian YU1, Hong YANG1, Cui-hua ZHANG1, Zi-jie CHEN1, Jin ZHOU2, Yan-mei LOU3, Guang-can LI4, Xue-feng SHAN5, Yang YANG6, Fei LI7, Xin WANG1
Affiliations
  • Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
出版时间: 2026-05-10 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202510088
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目的

研究胰岛素抵抗代谢评分(metabolic score for insulin resistance,METS-IR)与胆石症患病风险的关联性。

方法

收集2015—2020年在重庆市、北京市共4家医院健康管理中心接受健康检查的研究对象数据,采用多因素logistic回归模型分析不同中心METS-IR与胆石症患病风险的相关性,并对4家中心的结果进行meta分析合并。

结果

本项目共纳入543 371名研究对象,胆石症患病率为8.05%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,METS-IR与胆石症患病风险呈正相关,METS-IR每增加一个单位,胆石症患病率增加3.5%(OR=1.035,95% CI:1.027~1.042)。将METS-IR根据四分位数转化为分类变量后,结果显示最高四分位数组的胆石症患病率是最低四分位数组的2.268倍(OR=2.268,95% CI:1.827~2.709)。在不同的年龄、性别和胆石症分型亚组中,METS-IR与胆石症患病风险仍呈显著正相关。

结论

胰岛素抵抗会显著增加胆石症患病风险,未来应为胰岛素抵抗高风险人群进行筛查,早期发现病人,降低胆石症疾病负担。

胆石症  /  METS-IR  /  胰岛素抵抗  /  横断面研究
Objective

This study aims to investigate the association between the metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR) and the risk of gallstone disease (GSD).

Methods

Data were collected from participants who underwent health examinations at four hospital health management centers in Chongqing and Beijing between 2015 and 2020. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed to examine the correlation between METS-IR and GSD risk across different centers, and a meta-analysis was conducted to pool the results from each hospital.

Results

A total of 543 371 participants were included in this study, with a GSD prevalence of 8.05%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed a positive correlation between METS-IR and GSD risk, with each unit increase in METS-IR associated with a 3.5% increase in GSD prevalence (OR=1.035, 95% CI:1.027-1.042). After converting METS-IR into categorical variables based on quartiles, the results indicated that the prevalence of GSD in the highest quartile group was 2.268 times that of the lowest quartile group (OR=2.268, 95% CI:1.827-2.709). In various subgroups categorized by age, gender, and gallstone subtype, METS-IR remained significantly positively correlated with the risk of GSD.

Conclusion

Insulin resistance significantly increases the risk of GSD. In the future, screening should be implemented for high-risk populations with insulin resistance to enable early detection and reduce the disease burden of gallstone disease.

Gallstone disease  /  METS-IR  /  Insulin resistance  /  Cross-sectional study
王欣, 何梦琳, 罗菁, 江奕, 白轩, 谢林君, 徐逸婷, 李鸿钰, 江果恒, 于文倩, 杨红, 张翠华, 陈梓洁, 周晋, 娄彦梅, 李光灿, 单雪峰, 杨洋, 李飞, 王新. 胰岛素抵抗代谢评分与胆石症患病风险的关联性研究. 现代预防医学, 2026 , 53 (9) : 1569 -1573 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202510088
Xin WANG, Meng-lin HE, Jing LUO, Yi JIANG, Xuan BAI, Lin-jun XIE, Yi-ting XU, Hong-yu LI, Guo-heng JIANG, Wen-qian YU, Hong YANG, Cui-hua ZHANG, Zi-jie CHEN, Jin ZHOU, Yan-mei LOU, Guang-can LI, Xue-feng SHAN, Yang YANG, Fei LI, Xin WANG. Association between the metabolic score for insulin resistance and the risk of gallstone disease[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2026 , 53 (9) : 1569 -1573 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202510088
胆石症(gallstone disease)是一种常见的消化系统疾病,主要症状包括上腹疼痛、恶心、呕吐、食欲减退等。有研究指出胆石症的患病率因种族和地理位置而异,亚洲国家患病率为5%~8%,西方发达国家的患病率为10%~20%[1-3]。胆石症可显著增加2型糖尿病[4]、心血管疾病[5]、胃肠道癌[6]等疾病的发病风险,在危害患者健康的同时还与多种代谢性疾病密切相关,给医疗系统和患者个人带来沉重的健康与经济双重负担[7]。因此,对胆石症风险因素的早期识别,并面向风险因素高危暴露人群采取相应措施加以干预,对于降低胆石症疾病负担至关重要。
胰岛素抵抗(insulin resistance, IR)是指机体对胰岛素作用的敏感性和反应性降低的一种状态,是代谢综合征和糖尿病患者的常见特征。研究表明,IR与体内胆固醇合成增加、胆汁胆固醇分泌过多和胆汁成石性升高有关,与胆囊结石的发生显著相关[8]。在IR的众多评估方法中,高胰岛素-正常血糖钳夹被普遍认为是最佳标准[9-10],但介于其高额的检测成本和程序复杂性,该方法仅适用于小型研究。胰岛素抵抗稳态模型评估因其非侵入性和简单性而被广泛用于IR评估,但其计算依赖于空腹胰岛素水平的实验室测定,这在部分资源有限的国家通常难以实现,限制了其在日常临床实践中的普及[11-12]。胰岛素抵抗代谢评分(metabolic score for insulin resistance,METS-IR)作为2018年开发的新型IR指标,结合了非胰岛素空腹生化数据和在初级保健评估期间容易获得的人体测量数据,以评估胰岛素敏感性和检测IR病例,是筛查胰岛素敏感性的有效工具[13]。已有研究结果表明,METS-IR与高血压、动脉粥样硬化、心力衰竭等心血管疾病相关[14-16],针对METS-IR与胆石症关联的研究极少,仅Wang等[17]基于美国人群的研究提示二者存在关联,且由于研究人群差异较大、研究样本量局限等问题,关联性研究结果外推性有限。本文基于重庆、北京地区共4家医院的大样本健康体检数据开展研究,明确METS-IR与胆石症患病风险的关联性,并针对年龄、性别与胆石症亚型开展亚组分析,进一步探究METS-IR与胆石症患病率之间关联的稳定性。
本研究数据来源于2015年1月—2020年5月于重庆市黔江区某医院、重庆市开州区某医院、重庆市两江新区某医院、北京市昌平区某医院接受健康体检的研究对象。排除在体检过程中未进行腹部超声检查和相关数据不完全的研究对象。该研究已经在中国临床试验注册中心进行注册(注册号:ChiCTR2500095891)。
收集调查对象的基本信息,包括年龄、性别等人口学信息及身高、体重等人体测量数据,用于计算体质指数(body mass index, BMI),BMI=体重(kg)/身高的二次方(m2),并同时检测其收缩压(systolic blood pressure)和舒张压(diastolic blood pressure)。
在调查对象夜间禁食至少8 h后,采集10 ml外周静脉血液,并利用自动生化分析仪检测血样中的生化指标。分析指标包括空腹血糖(fasting blood glucose)、甘油三酯(triglycerides)、总胆固醇(total cholesterol)、总胆红素(total bilirubin)、尿酸(uric acid)、尿素氮(blood urea nitrogen)、直接胆红素(direct bilirubin, DBil)和间接胆红素(indirect bilirubin, IBil)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C),根据中国人群的诊断标准确定各项生化指标的正常范围。各中心的生化指标数据均转换为同一单位纳入运算,METS-IR计算公式为:METS-IR=Ln[2×空腹血糖(mg/dl)+空腹甘油三酯(mg/dl)]×BMI(kg/m2)/Ln[(HDL-C(mg/dl)]。
超声检查范围包括胆囊、胆管、肝脏、胰腺、肾脏等器官。结石的超声图像定义为:胆囊内有一个或多个明显回声团,声像随患者体位发生改变[18]。胆囊切除定义为:存在胆囊切除手术史,且腹部超声检查胆囊不可见。胆石症定义为:存在胆结石诊断或因胆结石行胆囊切除术。
研究数据采用SPSS 25.0与Stata 17.0进行统计学分析。连续变量以[M(P25,P75)]表示,采用Wilcoxon秩和检验进行组间比较。分类变量采用频数和百分比表示,组间比较采用χ2检验。应用多因素logistic回归模型评估METS-IR与胆石症之间的相关性,并对4家中心的结果进行meta分析合并。
共有543 371名研究对象纳入本研究,其中胆石症患者43 746例(8.05%)。重庆市黔江区某医院纳入14 093例,胆石症患者1 004例 (7.12%);重庆市开州区某医院纳入315 197例,胆石症患者27 957例 (8.87%);重庆市两江新区某医院纳入142 507例,胆石症患者10 879例 (7.63%);北京市昌平区某医院纳入71 574例,胆石症患者3 906例 (5.46%)。4家中心样本合并后胆石症组和非胆石症组的基线特征见表1。与非胆石症组相比,胆石症组年龄更大,BMI、收缩压、舒张压、空腹血糖、总胆红素、甘油三酯、HDL-C、LDL-C、总胆固醇、尿酸、尿素氮、DBil、IBil和METS-IR水平更高(P<0.05)。
在多因素回归分析中对胆石症采用以下赋值:0 =无胆石症诊断;1=存在胆石症诊断。调整混杂因素(年龄、性别、收缩压、舒张压、总胆固醇、LDL-C、总胆红素、尿酸、DBil、IBil、肾结石、脂肪肝)后,多因素logistic回归结果显示,METS-IR与胆石症风险呈显著正相关,见表2。METS-IR每增加一个单位,胆石症患病率增加3.5%(OR=1.035,95%CI:1.027~1.042)。将METS-IR按照四分位数转化为分类变量分析表明,METS-IR与胆石症患病风险显著相关,最高四分位数组的胆石症患病率是最低四分位数组的2.268倍(OR=2.268,95% CI:1.827~2.709)。
为评估METS-IR与 胆石症患病率之间关联的稳定性,根据年龄、性别与胆石症亚型进行亚组分析。各分组均采用连续性METS-IR变量报告结果;同时,为反映不同METS-IR水平在疾病亚型分组中与胆石症患病风险的差异,对不同疾病亚型补充METS-IR四分位数变量的分析结果。亚组分析结果表明,METS-IR与胆石症患病风险的相关性在不同年龄和性别的亚组中依然显著,见表2。在各个年龄亚组中,METS-IR与胆结石患病风险均呈显著正相关。METS-IR每增加一个单位,男性与女性的胆石症患病风险分别增加3.3%(OR=1.033,95% CI:1.026~1.039)和4.0%(OR=1.040,95% CI:1.031~1.049)。胆石症亚型的亚组分析结果显示,METS-IR每升高一个单位,胆结石与胆囊切除的患病风险分别增加2.9%(OR=1.029,95% CI:1.022~1.036)和3.0%(OR=1.030,95% CI:1.025~1.035),见图1。在胆结石与胆囊切除亚组中,METS-IR最高四分位数组的胆石症患病率较最低四分位数组分别增加1.150倍(OR=2.150, 95% CI:1.682~2.617)和1.184倍(OR=2.184,95% CI:1.900~2.468)。
本研究共纳入约54万参与者,研究结果表明,在调整了潜在的混杂因素后,METS-IR和胆石症风险呈正相关,METS-IR每上升1个单位,胆石症患病率增加3.5%,根据四分位数将METS-IR进行分组后,最高四分位数组的胆石症患病率是最低四分位数组的2.268倍,且在在不同的年龄、性别和胆石症分型亚组中,这种正相关关系仍然存在。提示METS-IR作为一种新型IR指标,在对IR状态的识别与评估及高危人群胆结石疾病预防中具有十分重要的意义。
IR是代谢综合征的核心机制之一,通常发生在糖尿病发作前几年。近年来,越来越多的学者开始关注胆结石发生发展与IR及代谢综合征的相关性。一项针对上海人群的病例对照研究[19]表明,代谢综合征和IR个体患胆结石和胆道癌的风险增加,且这种关联在女性中比在男性中更明显。一项孟德尔随机化研究[20]显示,代谢综合征会增加胆石症的发病风险,且这种作用在腹部肥胖的患者中更加显著。IR与胆石症发病的关联可能通过多种机制实现。有研究表明[21-22],IR可通过破坏体内胆固醇稳态,导致肝脏胆固醇合成增加和胆汁胆固醇分泌过多,通过影响FXR(法尼醇X受体)信号通路,降低CYP7A1蛋白丰度来抑制胆汁酸合成,从而增加胆汁的成石性。同时,IR可能通过影响胆囊收缩功能,延长胆汁在胆囊内的滞留时间,进一步促进结石形成[23]。此外,IR相关的慢性低度炎症状态[24]与肠道菌群稳态改变[25]也可能参与胆石症的发病过程。
尽管高胰岛素-正常血糖钳夹法(HEC)被认为是确定IR的最佳方法,但在临床环境中使用并不实用。因此,基于非胰岛素空腹生化数据的标志物,包括甘油三酯-葡萄糖指数(TyG)、TyG体重指数(TyG-BMI)和甘油三酯与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(TG/HDL-C)比率等,已被设计为评估IR的替代品,并在大型流行病学研究中广泛应用[26-27]。METS-IR于2018年首次开发,结合了空腹血糖、甘油三酯、BMI和HDL-C等参数,能够更全面地反映组织对胰岛素的敏感性。最近的研究表明,METS-IR是一种可行且值得信赖的IR替代生物标志物,并已被用于探究IR与心血管疾病(CVD)、2型糖尿病(T2DM)、高血压等多种疾病之间关联性的研究[28-30]。METS-IR的计算仅需常规体检指标,无需额外进行胰岛素检测,并通过整合血脂和体成分参数,能够同时反映肝脏和外周组织的胰岛素敏感性,在基层医疗机构IR评价中表现出更高的适用性和可推广性。
本研究发现,METS-IR与胆囊切除的患病风险呈显著正相关。这一发现与Cho等[31]在新西兰人群中开展的队列研究结果相似,这一现象可能与术后胆汁酸动力学改变导致的代谢调节异常有关。胆囊作为胆汁储存和浓缩的器官,其切除后会导致胆汁持续流入肠道,改变胆盐的肠肝循环。胆盐的分泌节律被打乱,可能导致肠道FXR和G蛋白偶联胆汁酸受体1(GPBAR-1)依赖性代谢信号的抑制以及成纤维细胞生长因子19(FGF-19)水平的降低,从而导致不稳定的全身代谢稳态[32]。同时有研究表明[33],胆汁持续分泌可能改变肠道菌群组成,而菌群失调已被证实与IR和代谢综合征密切相关。此外,近年研究发现[34],胆囊切除术与多种代谢性疾病的风险增加相关,包括非酒精性脂肪肝病、代谢综合征和心血管疾病等[35-36]。提示对于合并IR的胆石症患者,在决定是否进行胆囊切除术前,应该全面评估手术后潜在的代谢风险[37]。
本研究存在一定局限性。由于本研究选用的体检中心多集中在同一地区,研究样本存在一定区域聚集性,使结论推广到整体受到一定限制。同时,本研究采用数据来源于各个中心的健康体检数据系统,因未对各中心研究对象的生活方式、饮食习惯等信息进行系统性收集,无法将生活方式等关键变量纳入回归分析进行调整,对关联性分析的结果产生潜在影响。在横断面研究中,METS-IR和胆石症患病风险之间的关联性可能受到部分混杂因素的影响,这些潜在的、未被识别或测量的混杂因素无法被完全排除。未来需通过开展纵向研究,追踪METS-IR与胆石症发病的时序关系,进一步验证因果关联,并控制更多潜在混杂因素的影响,验证METS-IR与胆石症关联的可靠性。
综上,较高的METS-IR指数与胆石症患病风险呈显著正相关。然而这种关联之间的因果关系尚无法确定,仍需通过更多的纵向研究加以验证。
  • 四川省保健委员会普及应用项目(川健研2025—2401)
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2026年第53卷第9期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202510088
  • 接收时间:2025-10-08
  • 首发时间:2026-11-02
  • 出版时间:2026-05-10
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  • 收稿日期:2025-10-08
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四川省保健委员会普及应用项目(川健研2025—2401)
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    1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院流行病与卫生统计学系,四川 成都 610041
    2.成都中医药大学附属医院肛肠科
    3.北京小汤山医院健康管理中心
    4.重庆市开州区人民医院药剂科
    5.重庆市璧山区人民医院药剂科
    6.重庆医科大学附属第一医院健康管理中心
    7.重庆大学附属黔江医院药学部

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
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属数
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genus
种数
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species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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