Article(id=1323941283932283799, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1323941237702668764, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202411381, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1732723200000, receivedDateStr=2024-11-28, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793581799729, onlineDateStr=2026-11-02, pubDate=1765296000000, pubDateStr=2025-12-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793581799729, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-11-02, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793581799729, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793581799729, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1323941237702668764, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2025', volume='52', issue='23', pageStart='4225', pageEnd='4416', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1765296000000', pubDateStr='2025-12-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1793581788707, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793581887795, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1323941653374959780, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1323941237702668764, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1323941653374959781, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1323941237702668764, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=4315, endPage=4319, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1323941284154581912, articleId=1323941283932283799, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=The mediating role of psychological resilience between childhood trauma and the severity of depressive disorder and its latent profile analysis, columnId=1228016568949474136, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Child and Adolescent Health, Maternal and Child Health, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

Exploring the mediating role of psychological resilience in the relationship between childhood trauma and the severity of depression among individuals with depressive disorder, and to identify subtypes of depressive disorder by latent profile analysis and analyze the related factors among subtypes.

Methods

General information questionnaire, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-SF) and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) were used to investigate 360 patients with depressive disorder in outpatient department and ward of Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of Shanghai Mental Health Center.

Results

HAMD was positively correlated with CTQ-SF and the scores of all dimensions (P<0.01), and negatively correlated with CD-RISC and the scores of all dimensions (P<0.01). There was a significant negative correlation between CTQ-SF and CD-RISC (P<0.01). The mediation effect test indicated that childhood trauma had a significant direct predictive effect on the severity of depressive disorder (β=0.079, t=12.984, P<0.001). After adding psychological resilience as a mediating variable, the direct predictive effect of childhood trauma on the severity of depressive disorder remained significant (β=0.050, t=2.636, P<0.01). Latent profile analysis showed that patients with depressive disorder could be classified into low-trauma-high-resilience depressive disorder (72.8%) and high-trauma-low-resilience depressive disorder (27.2%). Gender, age, marital status and educational background were the predictors of latent profile classification(P<0.05).

Conclusion

The severity of depression is correlated with childhood trauma and psychological resilience, and childhood trauma can effectively predict the severity of depression. Individuals with higher levels of childhood trauma and lower levels of psychological resilience are more prone to developing depressive disorder. It is recommended to enhance individual psychological resilience to reduce the occurrence of depressive disorder.

, authors=Li-yuan GUO1, 2, Wang-tao LI1, 3, Yi-ying HU4, Li-yuan LUO5, Lan-ying LIU1, 3, authorsList=Li-yuan GUO, Wang-tao LI, Yi-ying HU, Li-yuan LUO, Lan-ying LIU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Lan-ying LIU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1323941287895901093, articleId=1323941283932283799, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=CN, title=心理弹性在童年创伤与抑郁严重程度间的中介作用及其潜在剖面分析, columnId=1228016570031604578, journalTitle=现代预防医学, columnName=儿少卫生与妇幼保健, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

探讨抑郁障碍患者心理弹性在童年创伤与抑郁严重程度之间的中介作用,并利用潜在剖面分析辨别抑郁障碍亚型,分析亚型间的相关因素。

方法

使用一般资料问卷、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(Hamiton depression scale,HAMD)、童年创伤问卷(childhood trauma questionnaire,CTQ-SF)、心理弹性量表(connor Davidson resilience scale,CD-RISC)对上海市精神卫生中心中医科门诊及病房就诊的360例抑郁障碍患者开展调查。

结果

HAMD与CTQ-SF及各个维度得分呈显著正相关(P<0.01),与CD-RISC及各个维度得分呈显著负相关(P<0.01);CTQ-SF与CD-RISC呈显著负相关(P<0.01)。中介效应检验可知,童年创伤对抑郁严重程度的直接预测作用显著(β=0.079,t=12.984,P<0.001),当心理弹性作为中介变量加入后,童年创伤对抑郁严重程度的直接预测作用依然显著(β=0.050,t=2.636, P<0.01)。潜在剖面分析可知,抑郁障碍患者可分为低创伤-高弹性型抑郁障碍(72.8%)和高创伤-低弹性型抑郁障碍(27.2%),性别、年龄、婚姻状况和学历是影响潜在剖面分类的预测因素(P<0.05)。

结论

抑郁严重程度与童年创伤、心理弹性存在相关性,且童年创伤能够有效预测抑郁严重程度,童年创伤较高、心理弹性水平较低的个体更容易出现抑郁障碍,建议可以通过提高个体的心理弹性以减少抑郁障碍的发生。

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郭励园(1998—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:中西医结合精神卫生疾病研究

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刘兰英,E-mail:
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Basic information about the object of study

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
因素类别人数比例(%)
性别男9626.7
女26473.3
婚姻状况未婚16846.7
已婚17047.2
离异226.1
学历初中及高中10930.3
大专及本科20055.6
硕士研究生及以上5114.2
吸烟是6116.9
否29983.1
饮酒是5415.0
否30685.0
精神疾病类药物治疗史有20657.2
无15442.8
), ArticleFig(id=1323941296171262938, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1323941283932283799, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

研究对象的基本情况

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
因素类别人数比例(%)
性别男9626.7
女26473.3
婚姻状况未婚16846.7
已婚17047.2
离异226.1
学历初中及高中10930.3
大专及本科20055.6
硕士研究生及以上5114.2
吸烟是6116.9
否29983.1
饮酒是5415.0
否30685.0
精神疾病类药物治疗史有20657.2
无15442.8
), ArticleFig(id=1323941296255149019, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1323941283932283799, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Correlation coefficents of HAMD, CTQ-SF, CD-RISC and their dimensions (r)

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总分()1234567891011
HAMD19.270±5.3891
情感虐待10.040±5.2370.180**1
躯体虐待7.025±3.4350.142**0.672**1
性虐待6.131±2.1770.167**0.380**0.277**1
情感忽视13.660±5.5310.170**0.590**0.407**0.195**1
躯体忽视9.575±3.5820.184**0.417**0.302**0.145**0.645**1
CTQ-SF46.430±15.2200.224**0.865**0.717**0.442**0.842**0.709**1
乐观性6.675±2.814-0.252**-0.248**-0.178**-0.076-0.381**-0.272**-0.341**1
力量性14.780±5.364-0.260**-0.262**-0.112*-0.078-0.359**-0.210**-0.308**0.680**1
坚韧性21.500±8.532-0.288**-0.275**-0.119*-0.133*-0.334**-0.182**-0.306**0.625**0.855**1
CD-RISC42.960±15.440-0.295**-0.288**-0.137**-0.115*-0.379**-0.223**-0.338**0.764**0.944**0.964**1
), ArticleFig(id=1323941296355812316, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1323941283932283799, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

HAMD、CTQ-SF、CD-RISC及其各维度的相关系数(r)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
总分()1234567891011
HAMD19.270±5.3891
情感虐待10.040±5.2370.180**1
躯体虐待7.025±3.4350.142**0.672**1
性虐待6.131±2.1770.167**0.380**0.277**1
情感忽视13.660±5.5310.170**0.590**0.407**0.195**1
躯体忽视9.575±3.5820.184**0.417**0.302**0.145**0.645**1
CTQ-SF46.430±15.2200.224**0.865**0.717**0.442**0.842**0.709**1
乐观性6.675±2.814-0.252**-0.248**-0.178**-0.076-0.381**-0.272**-0.341**1
力量性14.780±5.364-0.260**-0.262**-0.112*-0.078-0.359**-0.210**-0.308**0.680**1
坚韧性21.500±8.532-0.288**-0.275**-0.119*-0.133*-0.334**-0.182**-0.306**0.625**0.855**1
CD-RISC42.960±15.440-0.295**-0.288**-0.137**-0.115*-0.379**-0.223**-0.338**0.764**0.944**0.964**1
), ArticleFig(id=1323941296469058525, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1323941283932283799, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

The mediating effect of psychological resilience between childhood trauma and the severity of depression

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
步骤因变量自变量RR-sqFβt
模型一抑郁严重程度童年创伤0.2240.05018.9070.07912.984***
模型二心理弹性童年创伤0.3380.11446.201-0.342-6.797***
模型三抑郁严重程度童年创伤0.3230.10520.8220.0502.636**
心理弹性-0.087-4.653***
), ArticleFig(id=1323941296557138910, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1323941283932283799, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

心理弹性在童年创伤与抑郁严重程度间的中介效应

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
步骤因变量自变量RR-sqFβt
模型一抑郁严重程度童年创伤0.2240.05018.9070.07912.984***
模型二心理弹性童年创伤0.3380.11446.201-0.342-6.797***
模型三抑郁严重程度童年创伤0.3230.10520.8220.0502.636**
心理弹性-0.087-4.653***
), ArticleFig(id=1323941296670385119, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1323941283932283799, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Results of mediation effect test

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
效应关系效应值LLCIULCI效应占比(%)
总效应0.0800.0440.115
直接效应0.0500.0130.08762.5
间接效应0.0300.0160.04637.5
), ArticleFig(id=1323941296750076896, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1323941283932283799, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

中介效应检验结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
效应关系效应值LLCIULCI效应占比(%)
总效应0.0800.0440.115
直接效应0.0500.0130.08762.5
间接效应0.0300.0160.04637.5
), ArticleFig(id=1323941296884294625, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1323941283932283799, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Latent profile model fit indices

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
模型AICBICABICEntropyLMRT(P)BLRT(P)类别比例
16 369.2776 431.4556 380.695
25 806.6435 903.7965 824.4830.904<0.001<0.0010.728/0.272
35 506.1945 638.3225 530.4560.8440.096<0.0010.483/0.372/0.144
), ArticleFig(id=1323941296984957922, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1323941283932283799, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

潜在剖面模型拟合指数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
模型AICBICABICEntropyLMRT(P)BLRT(P)类别比例
16 369.2776 431.4556 380.695
25 806.6435 903.7965 824.4830.904<0.001<0.0010.728/0.272
35 506.1945 638.3225 530.4560.8440.096<0.0010.483/0.372/0.144
), ArticleFig(id=1323941297140147171, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1323941283932283799, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

Logistic regression results of demographic variables for different latent categories

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目B WaldOR (95% CI)P值
性别(女)0.7200.3284.8192.055(1.080~3.908)0.028
年龄(岁)-0.0530.0216.5840.948(0.910~0.988)0.010
婚姻状况(未婚)0.7660.4303.1702.151(0.926~5.000)0.075
婚姻状况(离异)2.0990.52216.1888.161(2.935~22.694)<0.001
学历(大学)-0.1290.3170.1660.879(0.472~1.636)0.684
学历(研究生)-1.1520.5294.7420.316(0.112~0.891)0.029
吸烟(是)0.4640.3741.5361.590(0.764~3.310)0.215
喝酒(是)0.6540.3733.0671.923(0.925~3.998)0.080
精神疾病类药物治疗史(是)0.5230.2803.4971.687(0.975~2.919)0.061
), ArticleFig(id=1323941297270170596, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1323941283932283799, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

人口学变量对不同潜在类别的logistic回归分析结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目B WaldOR (95% CI)P值
性别(女)0.7200.3284.8192.055(1.080~3.908)0.028
年龄(岁)-0.0530.0216.5840.948(0.910~0.988)0.010
婚姻状况(未婚)0.7660.4303.1702.151(0.926~5.000)0.075
婚姻状况(离异)2.0990.52216.1888.161(2.935~22.694)<0.001
学历(大学)-0.1290.3170.1660.879(0.472~1.636)0.684
学历(研究生)-1.1520.5294.7420.316(0.112~0.891)0.029
吸烟(是)0.4640.3741.5361.590(0.764~3.310)0.215
喝酒(是)0.6540.3733.0671.923(0.925~3.998)0.080
精神疾病类药物治疗史(是)0.5230.2803.4971.687(0.975~2.919)0.061
), ArticleFig(id=1323941297358250981, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1323941283932283799, language=EN, label=Table 7, caption=

Comparison of scores of HAMD factors in different latent categories ()

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目C1C2t
焦虑躯体化9.202±1.9899.122±1.9490.341
体质量1.370±0.6921.480±0.735-1.311
认知障碍5.046±1.7855.918±2.114-3.631***
阻滞8.416±1.9229.265±2.013-3.684***
睡眠障碍5.931±1.9445.929±1.7890.012
), ArticleFig(id=1323941297467302886, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1323941283932283799, language=CN, label=表7, caption=

HAMD各因子在不同潜在类别上的得分比较()

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目C1C2t
焦虑躯体化9.202±1.9899.122±1.9490.341
体质量1.370±0.6921.480±0.735-1.311
认知障碍5.046±1.7855.918±2.114-3.631***
阻滞8.416±1.9229.265±2.013-3.684***
睡眠障碍5.931±1.9445.929±1.7890.012
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心理弹性在童年创伤与抑郁严重程度间的中介作用及其潜在剖面分析
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郭励园 1, 2 , 厉汪涛 1, 3 , 胡奕颖 4 , 骆利元 5 , 刘兰英 1, 3
现代预防医学 | 儿少卫生与妇幼保健 2025,52(23): 4315-4319
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现代预防医学 |儿少卫生与妇幼保健 2025 , 52 (23) : 4315 -4319
心理弹性在童年创伤与抑郁严重程度间的中介作用及其潜在剖面分析
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郭励园1, 2, 厉汪涛1, 3, 胡奕颖4, 骆利元5, 刘兰英1, 3
作者信息
  • 1.上海交通大学医学院附属精神卫生中心中医科,上海 200030
  • 2.浙江中医药大学中西医结合临床医学院,浙江 杭州 310053
  • 3.上海交通大学医学院附属精神卫生中心中医神志病研究所,上海 200030
  • 4.台州市第二人民医院男普通精神科
  • 5.浙江省立同德医院睡眠医学科
通讯作者:
刘兰英,E-mail:
作者简介:

郭励园(1998—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:中西医结合精神卫生疾病研究

The mediating role of psychological resilience between childhood trauma and the severity of depressive disorder and its latent profile analysis
Li-yuan GUO1, 2, Wang-tao LI1, 3, Yi-ying HU4, Li-yuan LUO5, Lan-ying LIU1, 3
Affiliations
  • Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200030, China
出版时间: 2025-12-10 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202411381
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目的

探讨抑郁障碍患者心理弹性在童年创伤与抑郁严重程度之间的中介作用,并利用潜在剖面分析辨别抑郁障碍亚型,分析亚型间的相关因素。

方法

使用一般资料问卷、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(Hamiton depression scale,HAMD)、童年创伤问卷(childhood trauma questionnaire,CTQ-SF)、心理弹性量表(connor Davidson resilience scale,CD-RISC)对上海市精神卫生中心中医科门诊及病房就诊的360例抑郁障碍患者开展调查。

结果

HAMD与CTQ-SF及各个维度得分呈显著正相关(P<0.01),与CD-RISC及各个维度得分呈显著负相关(P<0.01);CTQ-SF与CD-RISC呈显著负相关(P<0.01)。中介效应检验可知,童年创伤对抑郁严重程度的直接预测作用显著(β=0.079,t=12.984,P<0.001),当心理弹性作为中介变量加入后,童年创伤对抑郁严重程度的直接预测作用依然显著(β=0.050,t=2.636, P<0.01)。潜在剖面分析可知,抑郁障碍患者可分为低创伤-高弹性型抑郁障碍(72.8%)和高创伤-低弹性型抑郁障碍(27.2%),性别、年龄、婚姻状况和学历是影响潜在剖面分类的预测因素(P<0.05)。

结论

抑郁严重程度与童年创伤、心理弹性存在相关性,且童年创伤能够有效预测抑郁严重程度,童年创伤较高、心理弹性水平较低的个体更容易出现抑郁障碍,建议可以通过提高个体的心理弹性以减少抑郁障碍的发生。

抑郁障碍  /  童年创伤  /  心理弹性  /  中介作用  /  潜在剖面分析
Objective

Exploring the mediating role of psychological resilience in the relationship between childhood trauma and the severity of depression among individuals with depressive disorder, and to identify subtypes of depressive disorder by latent profile analysis and analyze the related factors among subtypes.

Methods

General information questionnaire, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-SF) and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) were used to investigate 360 patients with depressive disorder in outpatient department and ward of Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of Shanghai Mental Health Center.

Results

HAMD was positively correlated with CTQ-SF and the scores of all dimensions (P<0.01), and negatively correlated with CD-RISC and the scores of all dimensions (P<0.01). There was a significant negative correlation between CTQ-SF and CD-RISC (P<0.01). The mediation effect test indicated that childhood trauma had a significant direct predictive effect on the severity of depressive disorder (β=0.079, t=12.984, P<0.001). After adding psychological resilience as a mediating variable, the direct predictive effect of childhood trauma on the severity of depressive disorder remained significant (β=0.050, t=2.636, P<0.01). Latent profile analysis showed that patients with depressive disorder could be classified into low-trauma-high-resilience depressive disorder (72.8%) and high-trauma-low-resilience depressive disorder (27.2%). Gender, age, marital status and educational background were the predictors of latent profile classification(P<0.05).

Conclusion

The severity of depression is correlated with childhood trauma and psychological resilience, and childhood trauma can effectively predict the severity of depression. Individuals with higher levels of childhood trauma and lower levels of psychological resilience are more prone to developing depressive disorder. It is recommended to enhance individual psychological resilience to reduce the occurrence of depressive disorder.

Depressive disorder  /  Childhood trauma  /  Psychological resilience  /  Mediating effect  /  Latent profile analysis
郭励园, 厉汪涛, 胡奕颖, 骆利元, 刘兰英. 心理弹性在童年创伤与抑郁严重程度间的中介作用及其潜在剖面分析. 现代预防医学, 2025 , 52 (23) : 4315 -4319 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202411381
Li-yuan GUO, Wang-tao LI, Yi-ying HU, Li-yuan LUO, Lan-ying LIU. The mediating role of psychological resilience between childhood trauma and the severity of depressive disorder and its latent profile analysis[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2025 , 52 (23) : 4315 -4319 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202411381
抑郁障碍(major depressive disorder)是一种以持久的情绪低落为主要特征的精神障碍,表现为情绪低沉、行动迟缓、行为减退,严重者会出现消极观念甚至自杀行为[1]。全球约有3.5亿抑郁障碍患者,占世界人口的4.4%,是全球致残的主要原因之一[2-3]。童年创伤是指个体在童年时期遭受心理上无法调节且具有威胁性的伤害,从而出现的损伤。有研究显示,约三分之二的青少年在童年时期有过创伤经历,终生患病率达4.7%[4]。童年创伤对个体的身心健康有显著的消极影响,如果处理不当会大大增加患精神疾病的风险[5]。心理弹性是一种正向的压力应对机制,一直被视为心理健康的保护性因素[6]。本研究对抑郁障碍患者心理弹性在童年创伤和抑郁严重程度之间发挥的作用进行研究。此外,本研究还根据童年创伤和心理弹性的各维度得分对抑郁障碍患者进行潜在剖面分析,以更好地区分具有不同特征人群的危险因素。
本研究选取2023年7月—2024年8月就诊于上海市精神卫生中心中医科门诊及病房的抑郁障碍患者360例。纳入标准:(1)符合美国精神疾病诊断统计手册第5版(DSM-5)抑郁发作诊断标准[7];(2)年龄18~65岁;(3)获得受试者知情同意。排除标准:(1)伴有其它精神障碍者;(2)合并严重的肝肾等功能障碍者;(3)未获得受试者知情同意。本研究获得上海市精神卫生中心伦理委员会批准,伦理批号:2023-03R。
一般资料问卷自行设计,包括性别、年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、是否吸烟、是否饮酒和是否治疗等。汉密尔顿抑郁量表(Hamilton depression scale,HAMD)[8]共17个条目,包含躯体焦虑化、体质量、认知障碍、阻滞和睡眠障碍5个因子,每个条目采用0~4级评分,得分越高抑郁障碍程度越重,在本研究中该量表Cronbach= α系数为0.689。童年创伤问卷(childhood trauma questionnaire,CTQ-SF)[9]共28个条目,包含情感虐待、躯体虐待、性虐待、情感忽视和躯体忽视5个分量表,每个条目采用1~5 级评分,总分越高童年创伤程度越重,在本研究中该问卷Cronbach=α系数为0.868。心理弹性量表(connor-Davidson resilience scale,CD-RISC)[10]共有25个条目,包含乐观性、力量性和坚韧性三个维度,每个条目采用0~4 级评分,得分越高心理弹性越好,在本研究中该量表Cronbach α系数为0.929。
使用SPSS 26.0和Mplus 8.0分析数据。使用SPSS宏程序Process构建中介模型。使用Mplus 8.0进行潜在剖面分析,并使用logistic回归分析评估各因素对不同潜在类别的影响。检验水准α=0.05。
本研究共纳入360名抑郁障碍患者,年龄平均为(33.0±11.7)岁,其中男性96人(26.7%),女性264人(73.3%);未婚168人(46.7%),已婚170人(47.2%),离异22人(6.1%);初中及高中学历109人(30.3%),大专及本科学历200人(55.6%),硕士研究生及以上51人(14.2%);吸烟、饮酒者占少数;有精神疾病类药物治疗史206人(57.2%)。见表1。
结果显示,HAMD与CTQ-SF及各个维度得分均呈显著正相关(P<0.01),与CD-RISC及各个维度得分均呈显著负相关(P<0.01);CTQ-SF与CD-RISC呈显著负相关(P<0.01)。见表2。
本研究以童年创伤为自变量(X),抑郁严重程度为因变量(Y),心理弹性为中介变量(M)。分析结果显示,童年创伤对抑郁严重程度存在显著的正向预测作用(β=0.079,t=12.984,P<0.001),童年创伤对心理弹性存在显著的负向预测作用(β=-0.342,t=-6.797,P<0.001),当心理弹性作为中介变量加入后,童年创伤对抑郁严重程度的直接预测作用依然显著(β=0.050,t= 2.636,P<0.01)。见表3。
通过bootstrap进行中介效应检验,结果显示直接效应值为0.050(95% CI:0.013~0.087),直接效应成立;间接效应值为0.030(95% CI:0.016~0.046),间接效应也成立,表明心理弹性起部分中介作用。直接效应占比为62.5%,间接效应占比为37.5%。见表4。
基于CTQ-SF和CD-RISC的8个维度平均值进行潜在剖面分析,依次建立1~3个潜在剖面。随着类别数目增加,拟合指数中的艾凯克信息准则(Akaike information criterion,AIC)、贝叶斯信息准则(Bayesian information criterion,BIC)、调整贝叶斯信息准则(adjusted Bayesian information criterion,ABIC)逐渐减小,直至模型3中罗-梦戴尔-鲁本似然比检验(Lo-Mendell-Rubin likelilhood ratio test,LMRT)指标无统计学意义(P>0.05),而模型2的LMRT值显著(P<0.05),表明模型2优于模型3。此外,模型2的熵(Entropy)最大。综合考虑,最终确定2个潜在类别为最优模型,见表5。根据2个剖面的特点分别命名,类别1中的个体CTQ-SF的5个维度得分较低,CD-RISC的3个维度得分较高,故命名为“低创伤-高弹性型抑郁障碍”(C1),共262例(72.8%);类别2中相反,命名为“高创伤-低弹性型抑郁障碍”(C2),共98例(27.2%)。见图1。
以C1和C2为结局变量(以C1作为参照),并以性别(以男性为参照)、婚姻状况(以已婚为参照)、学历(以初中及高中为参照)等作为自变量,进行logistic回归分析。结果显示,性别、年龄、婚姻状况和学历是影响潜在剖面分类的预测因素,女性、年龄小、离异、初中及高中学历者成为C2组的概率更大(P<0.05)。见表6。
将2个不同潜在类别个体的HAMD各因子得分进行分析,结果显示,C2的认知障碍因子和阻滞因子得分显著高于C1(P<0.001)。见表7。
心理弹性一直以来都被视为心理健康的保护因子,是个体应对逆境、创伤及其他不良生活经历并从困难经历中恢复过来必不可少的心理素质[11]。有研究表明,心理弹性越高的个体患有抑郁障碍及其他精神疾病的概率更低[12-13]。然而童年创伤经历会使个体在面对这些困境时更敏感,心理弹性下降,从而增加患抑郁障碍的概率[14]。本研究发现抑郁严重程度与CTQ-SF及其情感虐待、躯体虐待、性虐待、情感忽视和躯体忽视五个维度评分均呈显著正相关,与CD-RISC及其乐观性、力量性和坚韧性三个维度评分均呈显著负相关,即个体遭受的童年创伤程度越重,心理弹性越差,抑郁程度就越严重,这与既往的研究一致[15]。Li C等人[16] 也发现,童年创伤会使个体成年后的心理弹性变差。周若尘等[17]研究表明有躯体化症状的抑郁障碍患者经历了更为严重的童年创伤,尤其在情感虐待和躯体忽视方面。心理弹性在童年创伤和抑郁严重程度间的中介模型结果显示,心理弹性在童年创伤对抑郁严重程度的预测中起部分中介效应,童年创伤能有效预测抑郁严重程度,这与既往的研究一致[15]。这提示我们,童年创伤不仅能够直接预测抑郁障碍的严重程度,还能够通过影响个体的心理弹性,从而间接地预测抑郁障碍的严重程度。遭受童年创伤个体的自我情绪调节能力减弱,如果不能及时干预,长此以往容易发展成抑郁障碍。我们可以通过提高个体的心理弹性来预防及缓解抑郁障碍的发生。
本研究发现抑郁障碍患者具有明显的二个类别特征,低创伤-高弹性型抑郁障碍和高创伤-低弹性型抑郁障碍,其中高创伤-低弹性型抑郁障碍占总体的27.2%,该类别的童年创伤较高,尤其是在情感虐待和情感忽视方面。在对这二个不同潜在类别人口学变量的logistic回归分析中发现,女性个体和离异个体属于高创伤-低弹性型抑郁障碍的可能性更高,说明女性和离异个体在生活中更容易受到创伤,自我的情绪调节能力更差。随着年龄的增加会更倾向于低创伤-高弹性型抑郁障碍,这可能是因为随着年龄的增加个体的自我情绪调节能力以及对疾病的认识和理解能力增强,可以避免自己长期处于消极、悲观的情绪中,所以心理弹性较好。相较于初中及高中生,硕士研究生及以上会更倾向于低创伤-高弹性型抑郁障碍,说明学历的增加会提高个体应对创伤的能力。对二个不同潜在类别的HAMD各因子得分比较发现,高创伤-低弹性型抑郁障碍在认知障碍因子和阻滞因子得分显著高于低创伤-高弹性型抑郁障碍,说明较高的童年创伤和较低的心理弹性会对个体的认知和情绪起到消极作用。于婷婷等[18]研究表明CD-RISC与个体的认知功能损害呈负相关,是认知功能发生损伤的保护性因素,与本研究结果一致。
综上所述,抑郁严重程度与童年创伤和心理弹性存在相关性,且童年创伤能够有效预测抑郁的严重程度,童年创伤较高、心理弹性水平较低的个体更容易出现抑郁障碍。
研究不足:研究属于横断面研究,不能说明因果关系;本研究选取被试者部分已经过长期治疗,抑郁障碍的症状有所好转;本研究使用问卷调查,可能存在一定的信息偏倚。
  • 上海市卫生健康委员会中医药科研项目计划(2022CX004)
  • 上海市卫生健康委员会上海市中医药标准化计划项目(2023JSP03)
  • 上海市申康医院发展中心市级医院诊疗技术推广及优化管理项目(SHDC22023212)
  • 中国民族医药学会科研项目(2023ZY196-55)
  • 浙江省卫生健康科技计划(2022KY123)
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2025年第52卷第23期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202411381
  • 接收时间:2024-11-28
  • 首发时间:2026-11-02
  • 出版时间:2025-12-10
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  • 收稿日期:2024-11-28
基金
上海市卫生健康委员会中医药科研项目计划(2022CX004)
上海市卫生健康委员会上海市中医药标准化计划项目(2023JSP03)
上海市申康医院发展中心市级医院诊疗技术推广及优化管理项目(SHDC22023212)
中国民族医药学会科研项目(2023ZY196-55)
浙江省卫生健康科技计划(2022KY123)
作者信息
    1.上海交通大学医学院附属精神卫生中心中医科,上海 200030
    2.浙江中医药大学中西医结合临床医学院,浙江 杭州 310053
    3.上海交通大学医学院附属精神卫生中心中医神志病研究所,上海 200030
    4.台州市第二人民医院男普通精神科
    5.浙江省立同德医院睡眠医学科

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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