Article(id=1322608158103687378, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1322608013010120712, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202505437, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1748102400000, receivedDateStr=2025-05-25, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793263957762, onlineDateStr=2026-10-29, pubDate=1762704000000, pubDateStr=2025-11-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793263957762, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-29, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793263957762, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793263957762, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322608013010120712, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2025', volume='52', issue='21', pageStart='3841', pageEnd='4032', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1762704000000', pubDateStr='2025-11-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793263923169, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793264266929, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322609454932149086, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1322608013010120712, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322609454932149087, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1322608013010120712, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=3916, endPage=3921, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322608158288236755, articleId=1322608158103687378, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Dietary quality of Miao pregnant women in Guizhou and its relationship with neonatal birth outcomes: a prospective cohort study, columnId=1228016572783063333, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Nutrition and Food Hygiene, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To evaluate the dietary quality of Miao pregnant women in Guizhou in the year before pregnancy and early pregnancy, and to explore the correlation between different dietary intake levels and neonatal adverse birth outcomes.

Methods

A prospective cohort study was conducted in Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture of Guizhou Province from June 2022 to March 2023. A total of 511 subjects were included in the study. A food frequency questionnaire was used to collect dietary data of 1 year before pregnancy and early pregnancy, and diet balance index 2022(DBI-22) and diet balance index for pregnancy(DBI-P) were used to evaluate dietary quality. χ2 test was used to analyze the difference in the incidence of neonatal adverse birth outcomes between different food intake levels, and binary logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between different food intake levels and neonatal adverse birth outcomes.

Results

More than 90.0% of pregnant women had dietary imbalance one year before pregnancy and early pregnancy, and the dietary quality in early pregnancy was slightly higher than that in one year before pregnancy. The two stages were mainly characterized by excessive intake of cereals and livestock and poultry meat, and insufficient intake of milk, soybeans and nuts, aquatic products, eggs and food types.Compared with insufficient or excessive intake, women with appropriate intake of fruits in the year before pregnancy and of cereals, vegetables, and soybeans and nuts in early pregnancy had a lower incidence of neonatal adverse birth outcomes(P<0.05). Risk factors for neonatal adverse birth outcomes included excessive intake of cereals (OR=2.261, 95% CI: 1.035-4.938) and insufficient intake of fruits (OR=2.036, 95% CI: 1.354-3.061) in the year before pregnancy. In early pregnancy, excessive intake of cereals (OR=2.814, 95% CI: 1.429-5.544) and fruits (OR=1.988, 95% CI: 1.112-3.555), as well as insufficient intake of vegetables (OR=2.059, 95% CI: 1.305-3.249), and soybeans and nuts (OR=2.367, 95% CI: 1.412-3.969), were risk factors for neonatal adverse birth outcomes.

Conclusion

Pregnant women of Miao nationality in Guizhou generally have unbalanced dietary structure from pre-pregnancy to early pregnancy. Dietary intake level is closely related to the risk of neonatal adverse birth outcomes. Strengthening pregnancy preparation and nutritional intervention during pregnancy can help reduce the incidence of neonatal adverse birth outcomes.

, authors=Tian-hua YAO1, Xiao-rong NI1, Chen-yu LIU1, Tian QIAO2, Shao-feng WEI1, Yi LIANG1, 2, authorsList=Tian-hua YAO, Xiao-rong NI, Chen-yu LIU, Tian QIAO, Shao-feng WEI, Yi LIANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Yi LIANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322608158611198164, articleId=1322608158103687378, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=CN, title=贵州苗族孕妇膳食质量及其与新生儿出生结局的关系——一项前瞻性队列研究, columnId=1228016573034721597, journalTitle=现代预防医学, columnName=营养与食品卫生, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

评估贵州苗族孕妇孕前一年及孕早期膳食质量,探讨不同膳食摄入水平与新生儿不良出生结局的关联性。

方法

采用前瞻性队列研究设计,2022年6月—2023年3月在贵州省黔东南苗族侗族自治州纳入511名研究对象,利用食物频率问卷收集孕前一年及孕早期膳食数据,应用中国膳食平衡指数和中国孕期膳食平衡指数评估膳食质量。采用χ2检验分析不同食物摄入水平组间新生儿不良出生结局发生率的差异,采用二元logistic回归分析不同食物摄入水平组间与新生儿不良出生结局的关联。

结果

孕前一年和孕早期超过90.0%的孕妇存在膳食失衡,孕早期膳食质量略高于孕前一年。两个阶段均主要表现为谷类和畜禽肉类摄入过量,奶类、大豆及坚果类、水产品类、蛋类及食物种类数摄入不足。与摄入不足或过量者相比,孕前一年水果及孕早期谷类、蔬菜和大豆及坚果类摄入适宜者新生儿不良出生结局发生率较低(P<0.05)。孕前一年谷类摄入过量(OR=2.261,95% CI:1.035~4.938)和水果摄入不足(OR=2.036,95% CI:1.354~3.061)、孕早期谷类(OR= 2.814,95% CI:1.429~5.544)和水果(OR=1.988,95% CI:1.112~3.555)摄入过量、蔬菜(OR=2.059,95% CI:1.305~3.249)和大豆及坚果类(OR=2.367,95% CI:1.412~3.969)摄入不足为新生儿不良出生结局的危险因素。

结论

贵州苗族孕妇在孕前至孕早期普遍存在膳食结构失衡,膳食摄入水平与新生儿不良出生结局风险密切相关,加强备孕及孕期营养干预有助于降低新生儿不良出生结局的发生。

, authors=姚天华1, 倪晓绒1, 刘宸毓1, 乔田2, 魏绍峰1, 梁一1, 2, authorsList=姚天华, 倪晓绒, 刘宸毓, 乔田, 魏绍峰, 梁一, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=梁一, authorNote=

姚天华(2000—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:营养与健康

, correspAuthorsNote=
梁一,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=qSyTXXnSA22itYyZ/6Qujw==, magXml=U9crFbLvISJlJdYzmEbnxg==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=WePcvHW/pgQBwPlmywvMog==, pdfFileSize=560621, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=E9pzl8eIwJSOSXNqiEzpIA==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1322608158997074139, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322608159072571613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, authorId=1322608158997074139, language=EN, stringName=Tian-hua YAO, firstName=Tian-hua, middleName=null, lastName=YAO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=School of Public Health and Health, Guizhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Disease Monitoring, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322608159139680478, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, authorId=1322608158997074139, language=CN, stringName=姚天华, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院,环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州 贵阳 561113, bio={"content":"

姚天华(2000—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:营养与健康

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

姚天华(2000—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:营养与健康

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322608158825107669, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322608158833496278, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, companyId=1322608158825107669, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Public Health and Health, Guizhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Disease Monitoring, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322608158846079191, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, companyId=1322608158825107669, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院,环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州 贵阳 561113)])]), Author(id=1322608159210983648, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322608159370367203, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, authorId=1322608159210983648, language=EN, stringName=Xiao-rong NI, firstName=Xiao-rong, middleName=null, lastName=NI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=School of Public Health and Health, Guizhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Disease Monitoring, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322608159429087460, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, authorId=1322608159210983648, language=CN, stringName=倪晓绒, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院,环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州 贵阳 561113, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322608158825107669, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322608158833496278, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, companyId=1322608158825107669, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Public Health and Health, Guizhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Disease Monitoring, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322608158846079191, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, companyId=1322608158825107669, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院,环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州 贵阳 561113)])]), Author(id=1322608159496196326, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322608159584276712, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, authorId=1322608159496196326, language=EN, stringName=Chen-yu LIU, firstName=Chen-yu, middleName=null, lastName=LIU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=School of Public Health and Health, Guizhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Disease Monitoring, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322608159663968489, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, authorId=1322608159496196326, language=CN, stringName=刘宸毓, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院,环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州 贵阳 561113, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322608158825107669, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322608158833496278, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, companyId=1322608158825107669, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Public Health and Health, Guizhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Disease Monitoring, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322608158846079191, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, companyId=1322608158825107669, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院,环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州 贵阳 561113)])]), Author(id=1322608159760437483, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322608159865295086, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, authorId=1322608159760437483, language=EN, stringName=Tian QIAO, firstName=Tian, middleName=null, lastName=QIAO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322608159928209647, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, authorId=1322608159760437483, language=CN, stringName=乔田, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.贵州医科大学附属医院临床营养科,贵州 贵阳 550004, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322608158917382360, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322608158925770969, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, companyId=1322608158917382360, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.贵州医科大学附属医院临床营养科,贵州 贵阳 550004)])]), Author(id=1322608160024678642, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322608160104370420, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, authorId=1322608160024678642, language=EN, stringName=Shao-feng WEI, firstName=Shao-feng, middleName=null, lastName=WEI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=School of Public Health and Health, Guizhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Disease Monitoring, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322608160192450805, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, authorId=1322608160024678642, language=CN, stringName=魏绍峰, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院,环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州 贵阳 561113, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322608158825107669, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322608158833496278, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, companyId=1322608158825107669, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Public Health and Health, Guizhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Disease Monitoring, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322608158846079191, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, companyId=1322608158825107669, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院,环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州 贵阳 561113)])]), Author(id=1322608160272142584, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=673685139@qq.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322608160385388795, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, authorId=1322608160272142584, language=EN, stringName=Yi LIANG, firstName=Yi, middleName=null, lastName=LIANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=School of Public Health and Health, Guizhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Disease Monitoring, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322608160439914748, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, authorId=1322608160272142584, language=CN, stringName=梁一, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1.贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院,环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州 贵阳 561113
2.贵州医科大学附属医院临床营养科,贵州 贵阳 550004, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322608158825107669, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322608158833496278, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, companyId=1322608158825107669, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Public Health and Health, Guizhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Disease Monitoring, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322608158846079191, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, companyId=1322608158825107669, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院,环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州 贵阳 561113)]), AuthorCompany(id=1322608158917382360, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322608158925770969, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, companyId=1322608158917382360, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.贵州医科大学附属医院临床营养科,贵州 贵阳 550004)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1322608160548966653, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=Miao pregnant women), Keyword(id=1322608160616075518, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=Guizhou), Keyword(id=1322608162277019904, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=Dietary quality), Keyword(id=1322608162352517377, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=Neonatal birth outcome), Keyword(id=1322608162432209154, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=Prospective study), Keyword(id=1322608162495123715, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=苗族孕妇), Keyword(id=1322608162558038276, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=贵州), Keyword(id=1322608162667090181, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=膳食质量), Keyword(id=1322608162746781958, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=新生儿出生结局), Keyword(id=1322608162855833863, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=前瞻性研究)], refs=[Reference(id=1322608164617441555, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=28, issue=null, pageStart=1, pageEnd=12, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=Hazel EA, Erchick DJ, Katz J, journalName=BJOG : an International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Hazel EA, Erchick DJ, Katz J, et al. Neonatal mortality risk of vulnerable newborns: A descriptive analysis of subnational, population-based birth cohorts for 238?203 live births in low-and middle-income settings from 2000 to 2017 [J]. BJOG : an International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2023, 28: 1-12., articleTitle=Neonatal mortality risk of vulnerable newborns: A descriptive analysis of subnational, population-based birth cohorts for 238?203 live births in low-and middle-income settings from 2000 to 2017, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322608164692939028, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=14, issue=1, pageStart=2274, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=1, authorNames=Kim HY, Cho GJ, Ahn KH, journalName=Scientific Reports, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Kim HY, Cho GJ, Ahn KH, et al. Short-term neonatal and long-term neurodevelopmental outcome of children born term low birth weight [J]. Scientific Reports, 2024, 14 (1): 2274., articleTitle=Short-term neonatal and long-term neurodevelopmental outcome of children born term low birth weight, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322608164764242197, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=129, issue=9, pageStart=1645, pageEnd=1655, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=2, authorNames=Guo TL, Yang Y, Jia JJ, journalName=British Journal of Nutrition, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Guo TL, Yang Y, Jia JJ, et al. Preconception paternal/maternal BMI and risk of small/large for gestational age infant in over 4·7 million Chinese women aged 20-49 years: a population-based cohort study in China [J]. British Journal of Nutrition, 2023, 129 (9): 1645-1655., articleTitle=Preconception paternal/maternal BMI and risk of small/large for gestational age infant in over 4·7 million Chinese women aged 20-49 years: a population-based cohort study in China, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322608164852322582, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=28, issue=4, pageStart=345, pageEnd=350, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=3, authorNames=Li GH, Kong LJ, Li ZW, journalName=Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li GH, Kong LJ, Li ZW, et al. Prevalence of macrosomia and its risk factors in China: a multicentre survey based on birth data involving 101,723 singleton term infants [J]. Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology, 2014, 28 (4): 345-350., articleTitle=Prevalence of macrosomia and its risk factors in China: a multicentre survey based on birth data involving 101,723 singleton term infants, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322608164932014359, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=30, issue=16, pageStart=1997, pageEnd=2002, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=4, authorNames=Tang W, Mu Y, Li XH, journalName=The Journal of Maternal-fetal & Neonatal Medicine: the Official Journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Tang W, Mu Y, Li XH, et al. Low birthweight in China: evidence from 441 health facilities between 2012 and 2014 [J]. The Journal of Maternal-fetal & Neonatal Medicine: the Official Journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians, 2017, 30 (16): 1997-2002., articleTitle=Low birthweight in China: evidence from 441 health facilities between 2012 and 2014, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322608165003317528, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=22, issue=1, pageStart=383, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=5, authorNames=Song QF, Chen JX, Zhou YB, journalName=BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Song QF, Chen JX, Zhou YB, et al. Preterm delivery rate in China:a systematic review and meta-analysis [J]. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 2022, 22 (1): 383., articleTitle=Preterm delivery rate in China:a systematic review and meta-analysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322608165087203609, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=11, issue=1, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=6, authorNames=Shen LP, Wang J, Duan YF, journalName=Scientific Reports, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Shen LP, Wang J, Duan YF, et al. Prevalence of low birth weight and macrosomia estimates based on heaping adjustment method in China [J]. Scientific Reports, 2021, 11 (1): 15016., articleTitle=Prevalence of low birth weight and macrosomia estimates based on heaping adjustment method in China, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322608166756536602, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=129, issue=8, pageStart=1, pageEnd=10, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=7, authorNames=Yang WX, Han N, Jiao MY, journalName=British Journal of Nutrition, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yang WX, Han N, Jiao MY, et al. Maternal diet quality during pregnancy and its influence on low birth weight and small for gestational age: a birth cohort in Beijing, China [J]. British Journal of Nutrition, 2023, 129 (8): 1-10., articleTitle=Maternal diet quality during pregnancy and its influence on low birth weight and small for gestational age: a birth cohort in Beijing, China, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322608166819451163, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=93, issue=7, pageStart=564, pageEnd=569, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=8, authorNames=Qian ZM, Guo XM, Gu JH, journalName=Ginekologia Polska, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Qian ZM, Guo XM, Gu JH, et al. Effects of dietary structure on the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus and macrosomia [J]. Ginekologia Polska, 2022, 93 (7): 564-569., articleTitle=Effects of dietary structure on the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus and macrosomia, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322608166945280284, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=36, issue=2, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=9, authorNames=Zhang YM, Zhao YL, Duan YF, journalName=The Journal of Maternal-fetal & Neonatal Medicine: the Official Journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang YM, Zhao YL, Duan YF, et al. Effects of prepregnancy dietary patterns on infant birth weight: a prospective cohort study [J]. The Journal of Maternal-fetal & Neonatal Medicine: the Official Journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians, 2023, 36 (2): 2273216., articleTitle=Effects of prepregnancy dietary patterns on infant birth weight: a prospective cohort study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322608167079498013, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=50, issue=20, pageStart=3702, pageEnd=3705, 3718, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=10, authorNames=严靖, 周骏, 丁媛媛, journalName=现代预防医学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=严靖,周骏,丁媛媛, 等. 中国膳食平衡指数及其应用的研究进展 [J]. 现代预防医学, 2023, 50 (20): 3702-3705, 3718., articleTitle=中国膳食平衡指数及其应用的研究进展, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322608167171772702, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=50, issue=20, pageStart=3702, pageEnd=3705, 3718, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=11, authorNames=Yan J, Zhou J, Ding YY, journalName=Modern Preventive Medicine, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yan J, Zhou J, Ding YY, et al. Research progress on Chinese dietary balance index and its application [J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2023, 50 (20): 3702-3705, 3718. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Research progress on Chinese dietary balance index and its application, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322608167259853087, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=46, issue=3, pageStart=209, pageEnd=214, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=12, authorNames=何宇纳, 叶晨, 房玥晖, journalName=营养学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=何宇纳,叶晨,房玥晖, 等. 中国膳食平衡指数的修订:DBI_22 [J]. 营养学报, 2024, 46 (3): 209-214., articleTitle=中国膳食平衡指数的修订:DBI_22, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322608167331156256, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=46, issue=3, pageStart=209, pageEnd=214, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=13, authorNames=He YN, Ye C, Fang YH, journalName=Acta Nutrimenta Sinica, refType=null, unstructuredReference=He YN, Ye C, Fang YH, et al. Update of the Chinese diet balance index:DBI_22 [J]. Acta Nutrimenta Sinica, 2024, 46 (3): 209-214. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Update of the Chinese diet balance index:DBI_22, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322608167419236641, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=52, issue=2, pageStart=198, pageEnd=204, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=14, authorNames=李梦媛, 王杰, 房玥晖, journalName=卫生研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李梦媛,王杰,房玥晖, 等. 应用调整的孕期膳食平衡指数评价孕妇膳食质量 [J]. 卫生研究, 2023, 52 (2): 198-204., articleTitle=应用调整的孕期膳食平衡指数评价孕妇膳食质量, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322608167490539810, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=52, issue=2, pageStart=198, pageEnd=204, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=15, authorNames=Li MY, Wang J, Fang YH, journalName=Journal of Hygiene Research, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li MY, Wang J, Fang YH, et al. Evaluate the dietary quality of pregnant women using the adjusted diet balance index for pregnancy [J]. Journal of Hygiene Research, 2023, 52 (2): 198-204. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Evaluate the dietary quality of pregnant women using the adjusted diet balance index for pregnancy, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322608167557648675, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=11, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=16, authorNames=Ni XR, Qiao T, Wang R, journalName=Front Nutr, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ni XR, Qiao T, Wang R, et al. Assessing the reproducibility and validity of a food frequency questionnaire for pregnant women from the Chinese Miao ethnic group [J]. Front Nutr, 2024, 11: 1322225., articleTitle=Assessing the reproducibility and validity of a food frequency questionnaire for pregnant women from the Chinese Miao ethnic group, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322608167670894884, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=43, issue=5, pageStart=744, pageEnd=751, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=17, authorNames=常倩倩, 党少农, 颜虹, journalName=西安交通大学学报:医学版, refType=null, unstructuredReference=常倩倩,党少农,颜虹, 等. 利用孕期膳食平衡指数评价陕西省孕妇膳食质量 [J]. 西安交通大学学报:医学版, 2022, 43 (5): 744-751., articleTitle=利用孕期膳食平衡指数评价陕西省孕妇膳食质量, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322608167767363877, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=43, issue=5, pageStart=744, pageEnd=751, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=18, authorNames=Chang QQ, Dang SN, Yan H, journalName=Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University(Medical Sciences), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Chang QQ, Dang SN, Yan H, et al. Evaluation of diet quality among pregnant women in Shaanxi Province by Diet Balance Index for Pregnancy [J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University(Medical Sciences), 2022, 43 (5): 744-751. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Evaluation of diet quality among pregnant women in Shaanxi Province by Diet Balance Index for Pregnancy, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322608167855444262, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=44, issue=6, pageStart=544, pageEnd=548, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=19, authorNames=钟无限, 毛帅, 蓝航莲, journalName=营养学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=钟无限,毛帅,蓝航莲, 等. 应用中国孕期膳食平衡指数评价10城市孕妇膳食质量 [J]. 营养学报, 2022, 44 (6): 544-548., articleTitle=应用中国孕期膳食平衡指数评价10城市孕妇膳食质量, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322608167943524647, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=44, issue=6, pageStart=544, pageEnd=548, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=20, authorNames=Zhong WX, Mao S, Lan HL, journalName=Acta Nutrimenta Sinica, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhong WX, Mao S, Lan HL, et al. Assessment of dietary quality of pregnant women in 10 cities of China by Chinese diet balance index for pregnancy [J]. Acta Nutrimenta Sinica, 2022, 44 (6): 544-548. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Assessment of dietary quality of pregnant women in 10 cities of China by Chinese diet balance index for pregnancy, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322608168035799336, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=107, issue=10, pageStart=1526, pageEnd=1533, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=21, authorNames=Okubo H, Miyake Y, Sasaki S, journalName=British Journal of Nutrition, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Okubo H, Miyake Y, Sasaki S, et al. Maternal dietary patterns in pregnancy and fetal growth in Japan: the Osaka Maternal and Child Health Study [J]. British Journal of Nutrition, 2012, 107 (10): 1526-1533., articleTitle=Maternal dietary patterns in pregnancy and fetal growth in Japan: the Osaka Maternal and Child Health Study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322608168115491113, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=10, issue=15, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=22, authorNames=Xu RR, Liu YL, Cui HM, journalName=Heliyon, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xu RR, Liu YL, Cui HM, et al. The association between maternal fruit consumption before and during pregnancy and fetal growth: The Lanzhou birth cohort study [J]. Heliyon, 2024, 10 (15): e35628., articleTitle=The association between maternal fruit consumption before and during pregnancy and fetal growth: The Lanzhou birth cohort study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322608168190988586, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=23, issue=1, pageStart=100, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=23, authorNames=Li TT, He YS, Wang N, journalName=Nutrition Journal, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li TT, He YS, Wang N, et al. Maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy and birth weight: a prospective cohort study [J]. Nutrition Journal, 2024, 23 (1): 100., articleTitle=Maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy and birth weight: a prospective cohort study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322608168270680363, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=15, issue=2, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=24, authorNames=Xu JR, Wang HX, Bian JF, journalName=Advances in Nutrition, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xu JR, Wang HX, Bian JF, et al. Association between the Maternal Mediterranean Diet and Perinatal Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [J]. Advances in Nutrition, 2024, 15 (2): 100159., articleTitle=Association between the Maternal Mediterranean Diet and Perinatal Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1322608164529361170, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, awardId=82160616, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金资助项目(82160616), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322608158825107669, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322608158833496278, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, companyId=1322608158825107669, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Public Health and Health, Guizhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Disease Monitoring, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322608158846079191, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, companyId=1322608158825107669, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院,环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州 贵阳 561113)]), AuthorCompany(id=1322608158917382360, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322608158925770969, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, companyId=1322608158917382360, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.贵州医科大学附属医院临床营养科,贵州 贵阳 550004)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1322608162977468680, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Basic characteristics of the research object

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
基本特征例数构成比(%)
年龄(岁)
≤2510019.6
26~3432563.6
≥358616.8
文化程度
初中及以下12825.0
高中/中专356.8
大专/本科及以上34868.1
职业
政府机关 / 专业技术人员19938.9
其他劳动工作者12524.5
家庭主妇18736.6
孕前体质指数(kg/m2)
<18.5469.0
18.5~23.933265.0
24.0~27.910320.2
≥28.0305.9
家庭人均月收入(元)
≤3 00016933.1
>3 00034266.9
经产妇23145.2
不良出生结局14929.2
HBW326.3
LBW295.7
LGA8015.7
SGA489.4
早产244.7
), ArticleFig(id=1322608163090714889, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

研究对象的基本特征

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
基本特征例数构成比(%)
年龄(岁)
≤2510019.6
26~3432563.6
≥358616.8
文化程度
初中及以下12825.0
高中/中专356.8
大专/本科及以上34868.1
职业
政府机关 / 专业技术人员19938.9
其他劳动工作者12524.5
家庭主妇18736.6
孕前体质指数(kg/m2)
<18.5469.0
18.5~23.933265.0
24.0~27.910320.2
≥28.0305.9
家庭人均月收入(元)
≤3 00016933.1
>3 00034266.9
经产妇23145.2
不良出生结局14929.2
HBW326.3
LBW295.7
LGA8015.7
SGA489.4
早产244.7
), ArticleFig(id=1322608163199766794, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

The distribution of DBI scores of various foods[n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
分数孕前一年孕早期
<00>0<00>0
谷类36(7.0)52(10.2)423(82.8)136(26.6)83(16.2)292(57.1)
蔬菜278(54.4)233(45.6)0216(42.3)295(57.7)0
水果201(39.3)310(60.7)0175(34.2)107(20.9)229(44.8)
奶类454(88.8)57(11.2)0425(83.2)66(16.8)0
大豆及坚果类364(71.2)147(28.8)0374(73.2)137(26.8)0
畜禽肉类95(18.6)24(4.7)392(76.7)150(29.4)89(17.4)272(53.2)
水产品类444(86.9)67(13.1)0445(87.1)66(12.9)0
蛋类366(71.6)21(4.1)124(24.3)292(57.1)16(3.1)203(39.7)
食物种类506(99.0)5(1.0)0503(98.4)8(1.6)0
), ArticleFig(id=1322608163283652875, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

各类食物的DBI评分分布情况[n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
分数孕前一年孕早期
<00>0<00>0
谷类36(7.0)52(10.2)423(82.8)136(26.6)83(16.2)292(57.1)
蔬菜278(54.4)233(45.6)0216(42.3)295(57.7)0
水果201(39.3)310(60.7)0175(34.2)107(20.9)229(44.8)
奶类454(88.8)57(11.2)0425(83.2)66(16.8)0
大豆及坚果类364(71.2)147(28.8)0374(73.2)137(26.8)0
畜禽肉类95(18.6)24(4.7)392(76.7)150(29.4)89(17.4)272(53.2)
水产品类444(86.9)67(13.1)0445(87.1)66(12.9)0
蛋类366(71.6)21(4.1)124(24.3)292(57.1)16(3.1)203(39.7)
食物种类506(99.0)5(1.0)0503(98.4)8(1.6)0
), ArticleFig(id=1322608163631780108, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

The overall distribution of dietary quality[n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
DBI评价指标膳食质量分布
较适宜低度中度高度
负端分
孕前一年135(26.4)268(52.4)104(20.4)4(0.8)
孕早期193(37.8)226(44.2)80(15.7)12(2.3)
正端分
孕前一年111(21.7)91(17.8)106(20.7)203(39.7)
孕早期228(44.6)142(27.8)77(15.1)64(12.5)
DQD
孕前一年13(2.5)146(28.6)279(54.6)73(14.3)
孕早期26(5.1)255(49.9)186(36.4)44(8.6)
), ArticleFig(id=1322608163942158605, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

整体膳食质量分布情况[n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
DBI评价指标膳食质量分布
较适宜低度中度高度
负端分
孕前一年135(26.4)268(52.4)104(20.4)4(0.8)
孕早期193(37.8)226(44.2)80(15.7)12(2.3)
正端分
孕前一年111(21.7)91(17.8)106(20.7)203(39.7)
孕早期228(44.6)142(27.8)77(15.1)64(12.5)
DQD
孕前一年13(2.5)146(28.6)279(54.6)73(14.3)
孕早期26(5.1)255(49.9)186(36.4)44(8.6)
), ArticleFig(id=1322608164021850382, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

The incidence of neonatal adverse birth outcomes among different food DBI score groups[n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
食物类别DBI评分组新生儿不良出生结局
孕前一年孕早期
谷类
Q19(17.3)13(15.7)
Q28(22.2)37(27.2)
Q3132(31.2)99(33.9)
F/χ2 值5.23210.753
P值0.0730.005
蔬菜
Q168(29.2)72(24.4)
Q281(29.1)77(35.6)
F/χ2 值<0.0017.629
P值0.9910.006
水果
Q174(23.9)23(21.5)
Q275(37.3)53(30.3)
Q3—73(31.9)
F/χ2 值10.6673.969
P值0.0010.137
奶类
Q116(28.1)25(29.1)
Q2133(29.3)124(29.2)
F/χ2 值0.037<0.001
P值0.8480.984
大豆及坚果类
Q137(25.2)27(19.7)
Q2112(30.8)122(32.6)
F/χ2 值1.5898.093
P值0.2070.004
畜禽肉类
Q14(16.7)29(32.6)
Q228(29.5)41(27.3)
Q3117(29.8)79(29.0)
F/χ2 值1.9080.749
P值0.3850.688
水产品类
Q118(26.9)15(22.7)
Q2131(29.5)134(30.1)
F/χ2 值0.1961.518
P值0.6580.218
蛋类
Q17(33.3)6(37.5)
Q2100(27.3)72(24.7)
Q342(33.9)71(35.0)
F/χ2 值2.1086.838
P值0.3490.030a
食物种类
Q12(40.0)148(29.8)
Q2147(29.1)1(12.5)
F/χ2 值——
P值0.632a0.448a
), ArticleFig(id=1322608164101542159, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

各食物DBI评分组间新生儿不良出生结局发生情况[n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
食物类别DBI评分组新生儿不良出生结局
孕前一年孕早期
谷类
Q19(17.3)13(15.7)
Q28(22.2)37(27.2)
Q3132(31.2)99(33.9)
F/χ2 值5.23210.753
P值0.0730.005
蔬菜
Q168(29.2)72(24.4)
Q281(29.1)77(35.6)
F/χ2 值<0.0017.629
P值0.9910.006
水果
Q174(23.9)23(21.5)
Q275(37.3)53(30.3)
Q3—73(31.9)
F/χ2 值10.6673.969
P值0.0010.137
奶类
Q116(28.1)25(29.1)
Q2133(29.3)124(29.2)
F/χ2 值0.037<0.001
P值0.8480.984
大豆及坚果类
Q137(25.2)27(19.7)
Q2112(30.8)122(32.6)
F/χ2 值1.5898.093
P值0.2070.004
畜禽肉类
Q14(16.7)29(32.6)
Q228(29.5)41(27.3)
Q3117(29.8)79(29.0)
F/χ2 值1.9080.749
P值0.3850.688
水产品类
Q118(26.9)15(22.7)
Q2131(29.5)134(30.1)
F/χ2 值0.1961.518
P值0.6580.218
蛋类
Q17(33.3)6(37.5)
Q2100(27.3)72(24.7)
Q342(33.9)71(35.0)
F/χ2 值2.1086.838
P值0.3490.030a
食物种类
Q12(40.0)148(29.8)
Q2147(29.1)1(12.5)
F/χ2 值——
P值0.632a0.448a
), ArticleFig(id=1322608164336423184, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

The association between food DBI scores and neonatal adverse birth outcomes

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
食物类别DBI评分组孕前一年孕早期
OR值(95% CI)P值OR值(95% CI)P值
谷类
Q21.160(0.383~3.518)0.7931.785(0.845~3.772)0.129
Q32.261(1.035~4.938)0.0412.814(1.429~5.544)0.003
蔬菜
Q21.014(0.662~1.554)0.9482.059(1.305~3.249)0.002
水果
Q22.036(1.354~3.061)0.0011.462(0.799~2.676)0.218
Q3—1.988(1.112~3.555)0.021
奶类
Q20.989(0.507~1.929)0.9751.058(0.604~1.854)0.844
大豆及坚果类
Q21.438(0.895~2.311)0.1332.367(1.412~3.969)0.001
畜禽肉类
Q22.013(0.604~6.714)0.2550.635(0.338~1.192)0.157
Q32.243(0.721~6.982)0.1630.868(0.491~1.533)0.625
水产品类
Q21.141(0.604~2.157)0.6851.456(0.725~2.923)0.291
蛋类
Q20.732(0.275~1.948)0.5330.546(0.178~1.675)0.290
Q31.197(0.426~3.367)0.7331.081(0.348~3.364)0.893
食物种类
Q20.636(0.095~4.260)0.6413.645(0.362~36.658)0.272
), ArticleFig(id=1322608164424503569, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

各食物DBI评分组与新生儿不良出生结局的关联

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
食物类别DBI评分组孕前一年孕早期
OR值(95% CI)P值OR值(95% CI)P值
谷类
Q21.160(0.383~3.518)0.7931.785(0.845~3.772)0.129
Q32.261(1.035~4.938)0.0412.814(1.429~5.544)0.003
蔬菜
Q21.014(0.662~1.554)0.9482.059(1.305~3.249)0.002
水果
Q22.036(1.354~3.061)0.0011.462(0.799~2.676)0.218
Q3—1.988(1.112~3.555)0.021
奶类
Q20.989(0.507~1.929)0.9751.058(0.604~1.854)0.844
大豆及坚果类
Q21.438(0.895~2.311)0.1332.367(1.412~3.969)0.001
畜禽肉类
Q22.013(0.604~6.714)0.2550.635(0.338~1.192)0.157
Q32.243(0.721~6.982)0.1630.868(0.491~1.533)0.625
水产品类
Q21.141(0.604~2.157)0.6851.456(0.725~2.923)0.291
蛋类
Q20.732(0.275~1.948)0.5330.546(0.178~1.675)0.290
Q31.197(0.426~3.367)0.7331.081(0.348~3.364)0.893
食物种类
Q20.636(0.095~4.260)0.6413.645(0.362~36.658)0.272
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1227664546253402114, delFlag=0, nameCn=现代预防医学, nameEn=Modern Preventive Medicine, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1003-8507, eissn=null, cn=51-1365/R, coden=null, periodic=3, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=IeiuPXEZi6AA+k0VfvoiOQ==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Modern Preventive Medicine, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1770627636734, updatedTime=1788949112281, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13041195026, firstLetterCn=X, firstLetterEn=X, subjectCode=Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, subjectName=null, subjectCodeEn=Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=IeiuPXEZi6AA+k0VfvoiOQ==, picEn=/9iTl8/ndms4tBz1fL28Pg==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1304510385713861624, language=CN, name=现代预防医学, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1788949112585, updatedTime=1788949112585, createdBy=13041195026, updatedBy=13041195026, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/regist, submissionEditorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionReviewUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1304510385772581881, language=EN, name=Modern Preventive Medicine, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1788949112599, updatedTime=1788949112599, createdBy=13041195026, updatedBy=13041195026, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/regist, submissionEditorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionReviewUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1227665162245664772, websiteList=[Website(id=1227687234141352800, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1227665162245664772, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN, language=CN, createTime=1770633045945, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1770633090526, updateBy=18614031015, name=现代预防医学-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=现代预防医学, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1227687735088051072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1770633165380, updateTime=1770633165380, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735071273853, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1770633165376, updateTime=1770633165376, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735113216899, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633165386, updateTime=1770633165386, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735062885244, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/file/pic?fileId=/XB5plC0xuykmQnycvtyrw==, createTime=1770633165374, updateTime=1770633165374, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735125799813, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633165389, updateTime=1770633165389, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735083856767, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/file/pic, createTime=1770633165379, updateTime=1770633165379, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735121605508, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633165388, updateTime=1770633165388, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735079662462, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1770633165378, updateTime=1770633165378, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735096439681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1770633165382, updateTime=1770633165382, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735104828290, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1770633165384, updateTime=1770633165384, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1227687234338485094, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1227665162245664772, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN, language=EN, createTime=1770633045992, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1770633115374, updateBy=18614031015, name=现代预防医学-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Modern Preventive Medicine, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1227687709129507332, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1770633159191, updateTime=1770633159191, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709108535809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1770633159186, updateTime=1770633159186, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709167256071, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633159200, updateTime=1770633159200, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709095952896, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/file/pic?fileId=/XB5plC0xuykmQnycvtyrw==, createTime=1770633159183, updateTime=1770633159183, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709179838985, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633159203, updateTime=1770633159203, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709121118723, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/file/pic, createTime=1770633159189, updateTime=1770633159189, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709171450376, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633159201, updateTime=1770633159201, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709112730114, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1770633159187, updateTime=1770633159187, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709133701637, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1770633159192, updateTime=1770633159192, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709154673158, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1770633159197, updateTime=1770633159197, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=现代预防医学, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Modern Preventive Medicine, journalPhotoCn=IeiuPXEZi6AA+k0VfvoiOQ==, journalPhotoEn=/9iTl8/ndms4tBz1fL28Pg==, journalFirstLetter=X, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false, interPubPlatform=, interPubPlatformUrl=null), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202505437, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202505437, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/PDF/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202505437, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/PDF/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202505437, aliStartDate=0, aliEndDate=0, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, previewStatus=0, delFlag=0, hasFullText=1, orderTime=1762704000000, fullTextJson=null, articleText=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
贵州苗族孕妇膳食质量及其与新生儿出生结局的关系——一项前瞻性队列研究
收藏切换
PDF下载
姚天华 1 , 倪晓绒 1 , 刘宸毓 1 , 乔田 2 , 魏绍峰 1 , 梁一 1, 2
现代预防医学 | 营养与食品卫生 2025,52(21): 3916-3921
收起
收藏切换
现代预防医学 |营养与食品卫生 2025 , 52 (21) : 3916 -3921
贵州苗族孕妇膳食质量及其与新生儿出生结局的关系——一项前瞻性队列研究
全屏
[Author(id=1322608158997074139, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322608159072571613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, authorId=1322608158997074139, language=EN, stringName=Tian-hua YAO, firstName=Tian-hua, middleName=null, lastName=YAO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=School of Public Health and Health, Guizhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Disease Monitoring, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322608159139680478, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, authorId=1322608158997074139, language=CN, stringName=姚天华, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院,环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州 贵阳 561113, bio={"content":"

姚天华(2000—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:营养与健康

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

姚天华(2000—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:营养与健康

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322608158825107669, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322608158833496278, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, companyId=1322608158825107669, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Public Health and Health, Guizhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Disease Monitoring, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322608158846079191, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, companyId=1322608158825107669, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院,环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州 贵阳 561113)])]), Author(id=1322608159210983648, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322608159370367203, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, authorId=1322608159210983648, language=EN, stringName=Xiao-rong NI, firstName=Xiao-rong, middleName=null, lastName=NI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=School of Public Health and Health, Guizhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Disease Monitoring, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322608159429087460, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, authorId=1322608159210983648, language=CN, stringName=倪晓绒, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院,环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州 贵阳 561113, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322608158825107669, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322608158833496278, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, companyId=1322608158825107669, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Public Health and Health, Guizhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Disease Monitoring, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322608158846079191, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, companyId=1322608158825107669, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院,环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州 贵阳 561113)])]), Author(id=1322608159496196326, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322608159584276712, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, authorId=1322608159496196326, language=EN, stringName=Chen-yu LIU, firstName=Chen-yu, middleName=null, lastName=LIU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=School of Public Health and Health, Guizhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Disease Monitoring, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322608159663968489, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, authorId=1322608159496196326, language=CN, stringName=刘宸毓, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院,环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州 贵阳 561113, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322608158825107669, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322608158833496278, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, companyId=1322608158825107669, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Public Health and Health, Guizhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Disease Monitoring, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322608158846079191, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, companyId=1322608158825107669, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院,环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州 贵阳 561113)])]), Author(id=1322608159760437483, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322608159865295086, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, authorId=1322608159760437483, language=EN, stringName=Tian QIAO, firstName=Tian, middleName=null, lastName=QIAO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322608159928209647, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, authorId=1322608159760437483, language=CN, stringName=乔田, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.贵州医科大学附属医院临床营养科,贵州 贵阳 550004, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322608158917382360, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322608158925770969, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, companyId=1322608158917382360, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.贵州医科大学附属医院临床营养科,贵州 贵阳 550004)])]), Author(id=1322608160024678642, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322608160104370420, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, authorId=1322608160024678642, language=EN, stringName=Shao-feng WEI, firstName=Shao-feng, middleName=null, lastName=WEI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=School of Public Health and Health, Guizhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Disease Monitoring, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322608160192450805, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, authorId=1322608160024678642, language=CN, stringName=魏绍峰, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院,环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州 贵阳 561113, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322608158825107669, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322608158833496278, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, companyId=1322608158825107669, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Public Health and Health, Guizhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Disease Monitoring, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322608158846079191, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, companyId=1322608158825107669, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院,环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州 贵阳 561113)])]), Author(id=1322608160272142584, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=673685139@qq.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322608160385388795, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, authorId=1322608160272142584, language=EN, stringName=Yi LIANG, firstName=Yi, middleName=null, lastName=LIANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=School of Public Health and Health, Guizhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Disease Monitoring, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322608160439914748, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, authorId=1322608160272142584, language=CN, stringName=梁一, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1.贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院,环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州 贵阳 561113
2.贵州医科大学附属医院临床营养科,贵州 贵阳 550004, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322608158825107669, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322608158833496278, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, companyId=1322608158825107669, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Public Health and Health, Guizhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Disease Monitoring, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322608158846079191, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, companyId=1322608158825107669, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院,环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州 贵阳 561113)]), AuthorCompany(id=1322608158917382360, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322608158925770969, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608158103687378, companyId=1322608158917382360, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.贵州医科大学附属医院临床营养科,贵州 贵阳 550004)])])]
姚天华1, 倪晓绒1, 刘宸毓1, 乔田2, 魏绍峰1, 梁一1, 2
作者信息
  • 1.贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院,环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州 贵阳 561113
  • 2.贵州医科大学附属医院临床营养科,贵州 贵阳 550004
通讯作者:
梁一,E-mail:
作者简介:

姚天华(2000—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:营养与健康

Dietary quality of Miao pregnant women in Guizhou and its relationship with neonatal birth outcomes: a prospective cohort study
Tian-hua YAO1, Xiao-rong NI1, Chen-yu LIU1, Tian QIAO2, Shao-feng WEI1, Yi LIANG1, 2
Affiliations
  • School of Public Health and Health, Guizhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Disease Monitoring, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China
出版时间: 2025-11-10 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202505437
文章导航
收藏切换
目的

评估贵州苗族孕妇孕前一年及孕早期膳食质量,探讨不同膳食摄入水平与新生儿不良出生结局的关联性。

方法

采用前瞻性队列研究设计,2022年6月—2023年3月在贵州省黔东南苗族侗族自治州纳入511名研究对象,利用食物频率问卷收集孕前一年及孕早期膳食数据,应用中国膳食平衡指数和中国孕期膳食平衡指数评估膳食质量。采用χ2检验分析不同食物摄入水平组间新生儿不良出生结局发生率的差异,采用二元logistic回归分析不同食物摄入水平组间与新生儿不良出生结局的关联。

结果

孕前一年和孕早期超过90.0%的孕妇存在膳食失衡,孕早期膳食质量略高于孕前一年。两个阶段均主要表现为谷类和畜禽肉类摄入过量,奶类、大豆及坚果类、水产品类、蛋类及食物种类数摄入不足。与摄入不足或过量者相比,孕前一年水果及孕早期谷类、蔬菜和大豆及坚果类摄入适宜者新生儿不良出生结局发生率较低(P<0.05)。孕前一年谷类摄入过量(OR=2.261,95% CI:1.035~4.938)和水果摄入不足(OR=2.036,95% CI:1.354~3.061)、孕早期谷类(OR= 2.814,95% CI:1.429~5.544)和水果(OR=1.988,95% CI:1.112~3.555)摄入过量、蔬菜(OR=2.059,95% CI:1.305~3.249)和大豆及坚果类(OR=2.367,95% CI:1.412~3.969)摄入不足为新生儿不良出生结局的危险因素。

结论

贵州苗族孕妇在孕前至孕早期普遍存在膳食结构失衡,膳食摄入水平与新生儿不良出生结局风险密切相关,加强备孕及孕期营养干预有助于降低新生儿不良出生结局的发生。

苗族孕妇  /  贵州  /  膳食质量  /  新生儿出生结局  /  前瞻性研究
Objective

To evaluate the dietary quality of Miao pregnant women in Guizhou in the year before pregnancy and early pregnancy, and to explore the correlation between different dietary intake levels and neonatal adverse birth outcomes.

Methods

A prospective cohort study was conducted in Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture of Guizhou Province from June 2022 to March 2023. A total of 511 subjects were included in the study. A food frequency questionnaire was used to collect dietary data of 1 year before pregnancy and early pregnancy, and diet balance index 2022(DBI-22) and diet balance index for pregnancy(DBI-P) were used to evaluate dietary quality. χ2 test was used to analyze the difference in the incidence of neonatal adverse birth outcomes between different food intake levels, and binary logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between different food intake levels and neonatal adverse birth outcomes.

Results

More than 90.0% of pregnant women had dietary imbalance one year before pregnancy and early pregnancy, and the dietary quality in early pregnancy was slightly higher than that in one year before pregnancy. The two stages were mainly characterized by excessive intake of cereals and livestock and poultry meat, and insufficient intake of milk, soybeans and nuts, aquatic products, eggs and food types.Compared with insufficient or excessive intake, women with appropriate intake of fruits in the year before pregnancy and of cereals, vegetables, and soybeans and nuts in early pregnancy had a lower incidence of neonatal adverse birth outcomes(P<0.05). Risk factors for neonatal adverse birth outcomes included excessive intake of cereals (OR=2.261, 95% CI: 1.035-4.938) and insufficient intake of fruits (OR=2.036, 95% CI: 1.354-3.061) in the year before pregnancy. In early pregnancy, excessive intake of cereals (OR=2.814, 95% CI: 1.429-5.544) and fruits (OR=1.988, 95% CI: 1.112-3.555), as well as insufficient intake of vegetables (OR=2.059, 95% CI: 1.305-3.249), and soybeans and nuts (OR=2.367, 95% CI: 1.412-3.969), were risk factors for neonatal adverse birth outcomes.

Conclusion

Pregnant women of Miao nationality in Guizhou generally have unbalanced dietary structure from pre-pregnancy to early pregnancy. Dietary intake level is closely related to the risk of neonatal adverse birth outcomes. Strengthening pregnancy preparation and nutritional intervention during pregnancy can help reduce the incidence of neonatal adverse birth outcomes.

Miao pregnant women  /  Guizhou  /  Dietary quality  /  Neonatal birth outcome  /  Prospective study
姚天华, 倪晓绒, 刘宸毓, 乔田, 魏绍峰, 梁一. 贵州苗族孕妇膳食质量及其与新生儿出生结局的关系——一项前瞻性队列研究. 现代预防医学, 2025 , 52 (21) : 3916 -3921 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202505437
Tian-hua YAO, Xiao-rong NI, Chen-yu LIU, Tian QIAO, Shao-feng WEI, Yi LIANG. Dietary quality of Miao pregnant women in Guizhou and its relationship with neonatal birth outcomes: a prospective cohort study[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2025 , 52 (21) : 3916 -3921 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202505437
新生儿不良出生结局是全球关注的重要公共卫生问题,其不仅会增加新生儿期的患病与死亡风险[1],还可能对儿童生长发育、认知功能及成年期慢性疾病的发生产生深远影响[2]。研究显示,中国新生儿不良出生结局的总体发生率相对较高,其中小于胎龄儿(small for gestational age, SGA)和大于胎龄儿(large for gestational age, LGA)的发生率分别约为5.4%和10.7%[3],高出生体重(high birthweight, HBW)和低出生体重(low birthweight, LBW)分别约为7.3%和5.4%[4-5],早产(preterm birth)率约为5.0%[6]。同时有研究表明,中国少数民族孕妇所产新生儿的LBW发生率高于汉族人群[7]。孕期膳食质量是影响胎儿宫内发育的重要因素,研究表明孕期摄入足量水果和奶制品可降低SGA和LBW的发生风险[8],而过量摄入蛋类则可能增加HBW的发生率[9]。此外,有研究证实,孕前膳食质量失衡也与HBW及LGA的发生风险升高相关[10]。因此,有效识别孕妇在不同阶段的膳食失衡问题,对于制定个性化营养干预措施、降低新生儿不良出生结局的发生风险具有重要意义。中国膳食平衡指数(diet balance index, DBI)是一种广泛应用的膳食质量评估工具,能系统反映个体膳食摄入的合理性与失衡程度[11],其中,DBI_22适用于一般人群[12],而中国孕期膳食平衡指数(diet balance index for pregnancy, DBI_P)则适用于孕妇人群[13]。本研究基于贵州苗族地区前瞻性孕妇队列,首次联合应用DBI_22和DBI_P评估苗族孕妇孕前及孕早期的膳食质量,并探讨其与新生儿出生结局之间的关系,旨在揭示膳食质量及其对新生儿出生结局的潜在影响,为苗族孕妇不同时期营养干预策略的精准化制定及膳食指导提供理论依据。
本研究基于贵州省黔东南苗族侗族自治州的三家医院建立前瞻性队列研究中心,于2022 年 6 月—2023 年 3 月共收集有效样本511例。纳入标准:苗族单胎孕妇;孕8~12 周;表达和理解能力正常;自愿参与该研究并签署知情同意书。排除标准:妊娠前已确诊恶性疾病或慢性病;需严格控制饮食或接受药物治疗者;异常妊娠、死胎及死产。研究已获得贵州医科大学附属医院医学伦理委员会批准(2021伦理第065-01号),所有参与者均已签署知情同意书。
本研究由经过统一培训的调查员采用面对面询问的方式对孕妇进行调查,内容包括基本信息和膳食信息。基本信息在首次调查时收集,包括孕妇孕周、年龄、身高、孕前体重、文化程度、职业及家庭人均月收入等。膳食信息通过经信效度验证的食物频率问卷(the food frequency questionnaire,FFQ)收集[14],在孕早期(孕8~12周)首次调查时收集孕前一年的膳食情况,并于孕中期(孕12+0~23+6 周)进行随访收集孕早期(孕 0~11+6周)的膳食情况。
新生儿出生情况数据来源于医院病历系统,主要包括分娩孕周、胎儿性别及出生体重等信息。本研究评估的新生儿出生结局包括以下五项指标:SGA、LGA、LBW、HBW及早产。若新生儿出现上述异常指标,即判定为不良出生结局;若上述五项指标均未出现,则判定为正常出生结局。
本研究采用的DBI体系包括九类食物组:谷类、蔬菜、水果、奶类、大豆及坚果类、畜禽肉类、水产品、蛋类及食物种类。孕前一年膳食质量评估采用DBI_22[12],孕早期采用DBI_P[13],具体取值方法已在相应文献中发表。食物组DBI得分反映各类食物摄入量相较推荐摄入量的偏离程度:得分为0表示摄入量符合推荐标准,正分表示摄入过量,负分表示摄入不足。根据评分原则,谷类、畜禽肉类及蛋类设有正、负向评分;蔬菜、奶类、大豆及坚果类、水产品类和食物种类仅设负向评分;水果评分因时期而异,孕前仅设负向评分,而在孕期则设有正、负向评分。
整体膳食质量通过三项指标评估:负端分(low bound score)、正端分(high bound score)及膳食质量距(dietary quality distance,DQD)。参考DBI_22[12]和DBI_P[13],分值判定标准为:<20%总分值为较适宜,20%~40%总分值为低度,41%~60%总分值为中度,>60%总分值为高度。
(1)负端分:各食物组负分绝对值总和,反映摄入不足程度;孕前和孕早期总分范围均为0~60 分。0~12 分为较适宜,13~24分为低度不足,25~36 分为中度不足,>36分为高度不足。
(2)正端分:各食物组正分总和,反映摄入过量程度;孕前和孕早期总分范围分别为0~20分、0~26分。其中,孕前0~4 分为较适宜,5~8分为低度过量,9~12 分为中度过量,>12分为高度过量;孕早期0~5 分为较适宜,6~10 分为低度过量,11~16 分为中度过量,>16分为高度过量。
(3)DQD:各食物组正负分绝对值总和,反映整体膳食失衡程度;孕前和孕早期总分范围均为 0~60分。0~12 分为较适宜,13~24 分为低度失衡,25~36 分为中度失衡,>36 分为高度失衡。
研究表明,社会人口学特征与孕妇膳食质量及新生儿出生结局密切相关,所以本研究将孕妇年龄、职业、文化程度、孕前体质指数、家庭人均月收入及是否为经产妇作为混杂因素纳入分析。问卷数据采用 EpiData 3.1 软件双人双录入,数据分析使用 SPSS 26.0 进行。分类变量以例数及构成比表示。将各类食物DBI 评分分为三组:Q1组为摄入适宜(DBI分值=0),Q2组为摄入不足(DBI分值<0),Q3组为摄入过量(DBI分值>0)。采用χ2检验分析各食物DBI评分组间新生儿不良出生结局发生情况。以Q1组作为参考,将各类食物DBI评分分组作为自变量,新生儿是否发生不良出生结局作为因变量,采用二元 logistic 回归分析各食物DBI评分组与新生儿不良出生结局的关系。双侧检验,检验水准α=0.05。
共纳入研究对象511名,其中≥35岁的高龄孕妇86人(16.8%),大专/本科及以上学历348人(68.1 %),家庭主妇187人(36.6%),孕前体质指数正常332人(65.0%),家庭人均月收入大于3 000元者342人(66.9 %),经产妇231人(45.2%)。共149名新生儿发生不良出生结局,占比29.2%,HBW、LBW、LGA、SGA和早产的发生率分别为6.3%、5.7%、15.7%、9.4%、4.7%。见表1。
孕前一年及孕早期,谷类和畜禽肉类主要表现为摄入过量,而奶类、大豆及坚果类、水产品类、蛋类及食物种类则主要表现为摄入不足。其中,奶类、水产品类及食物种类的摄入不足较为严重,奶类和水产品类摄入不足比例均超过80%,食物种类摄入不足比例超过90%。孕前一年蔬菜和蛋类摄入不足比例分别为54.4%和71.6%,孕早期该比例均有所下降。水果在孕前一年摄入适宜比例最高,为60.7%,但孕早期显著下降至20.9%。见表2。
孕前一年和孕早期分别有73.6%和62.2%的孕妇存在膳食摄入不足问题,78.2%和55.4%的孕妇存在摄入过量问题,整体膳食失衡比例分别为97.5%和94.9%。见表3。
孕前一年水果Q1组及孕早期谷类、蔬菜、大豆及坚果类Q1组和蛋类Q2组中,新生儿不良出生结局发生率均较低(P<0.05)。见表4。
二元logistic回归分析结果显示,与Q1组相比,孕前一年及孕早期谷类Q3组(OR=2.261,95% CI:1.035~4.938;OR=2.814,95% CI:1.429~5.544)、孕前一年水果Q2组(OR=2.036,95% CI:1.354~3.061)、孕早期水果Q3组(OR=1.988,95% CI:1.112~3.555)以及孕早期蔬菜和大豆及坚果类Q2组(OR=2.059,95% CI:1.305~3.249;OR=2.367,95% CI:1.412~3.969) 均与新生儿不良出生结局风险增加相关(P<0.05)。见表5。
本研究评估了贵州苗族孕妇在孕前一年及孕早期的膳食质量,并探讨其与新生儿出生结局之间的关联。结果显示,该人群中新生儿HBW、LBW、LGA、SGA和早产的发生率分别为6.3%、5.7%、15.7%、9.4%和4.7%。除HBW和早产外,其余结局的发生率均略高于国内其他地区[3-6]。苗族孕妇孕早期膳食质量高于孕前一年,但两个时期均存在谷类与畜禽肉类摄入过量,奶类、大豆及坚果类、水产品类和蛋类摄入不足的膳食结构性失衡。该结果与成都[13] 、陕西[15] 两地研究部分一致,而在一项南、北方孕妇人群的调查中则显示谷类与畜禽肉类普遍摄入不足[16]。这些差异可能受地域饮食结构、文化习惯及生活方式等因素影响。本研究显示苗族孕妇蔬菜摄入从孕前一年摄入不足趋于孕早期的适宜水平,水果摄入则由孕前一年的适宜水平趋于孕早期的摄入过量,这一变化可能与孕早期常见的妊娠反应有关,孕妇更倾向选择易消化的蔬果类食物以缓解不适。蛋类摄入不足比例由孕前一年的71.6%下降至孕早期的57.1%,这可能与孕期营养意识的增强相关。此外,在本研究中90.0%以上的孕妇每日摄入食物种类数不足12种,这一结果与江苏太仓地区[13]和北京通州地区[8]的研究结果一致,提示食物种类摄入不足可能为各地区孕妇所存在的共性问题。
本研究发现,在孕早期蛋类摄入不足者中新生儿不良出生结局的发生率相对较低。类似地,上海地区一项研究指出,孕妇蛋类摄入过多可能会增加HBW的发生风险[9]。进一步分析显示,孕前一年水果摄入适宜者以及孕早期谷类、蔬菜和大豆及坚果类摄入适宜者,其新生儿不良出生结局发生率相对较低。相反,孕前一年谷类摄入过量与水果摄入不足者以及孕早期谷类和水果摄入过量、蔬菜和大豆及坚果类摄入不足者,其新生儿不良出生结局发生风险相对较高。这些结果与已有研究基本一致,如日本一项研究表明,以小麦制品为主的膳食模式会增加新生儿发生SGA的风险[17];兰州出生队列研究亦发现,孕前水果摄入与LBW风险呈负相关[18];上海市的一项队列研究显示,孕期谷薯类食物摄入量与HBW风险呈正相关[19];一项系统评价分析亦表明,富含蔬菜、水果、谷类、大豆及坚果类的地中海饮食模式对SGA、LBW及早产具有积极影响[20]。尽管不同研究结果间存在一定差异,但多数研究均支持孕前及孕期膳食结构与新生儿出生结局密切相关的观点。
本研究存在一定局限性。一是,膳食数据通过FFQ进行收集,在回顾孕前一年膳食时可能存在较大回忆偏倚。二是,样本来源于特定少数民族地区,受限于样本量及人群地域特征,研究结论的外推性尚待进一步验证。此外,尚可能存在未纳入的混杂变量。未来研究应结合膳食生物标志物,扩大样本量与地域范围,并引入更多协变量,以增强结论的稳健性与推广性。
综上,本研究揭示了贵州苗族孕妇从孕前一年至孕早期存在的膳食摄入失衡问题,主要表现为奶类、水产品、大豆及坚果类以及食物种类摄入不足,谷类和畜禽肉类摄入过量。研究提示,孕前阶段应控制谷类摄入过量、增加水果摄入;孕早期则应控制谷类和水果的过量摄入,增加蔬菜及大豆坚果类食物的摄入,以降低新生儿不良出生结局的发生风险。
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(82160616)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
Hazel EA, Erchick DJ, Katz J, et al. Neonatal mortality risk of vulnerable newborns: A descriptive analysis of subnational, population-based birth cohorts for 238?203 live births in low-and middle-income settings from 2000 to 2017 [J]. BJOG : an International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2023, 28: 1-12.
[2]
Kim HY, Cho GJ, Ahn KH, et al. Short-term neonatal and long-term neurodevelopmental outcome of children born term low birth weight [J]. Scientific Reports, 2024, 14 (1): 2274.
[3]
Guo TL, Yang Y, Jia JJ, et al. Preconception paternal/maternal BMI and risk of small/large for gestational age infant in over 4·7 million Chinese women aged 20-49 years: a population-based cohort study in China [J]. British Journal of Nutrition, 2023, 129 (9): 1645-1655.
[4]
Li GH, Kong LJ, Li ZW, et al. Prevalence of macrosomia and its risk factors in China: a multicentre survey based on birth data involving 101,723 singleton term infants [J]. Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology, 2014, 28 (4): 345-350.
[5]
Tang W, Mu Y, Li XH, et al. Low birthweight in China: evidence from 441 health facilities between 2012 and 2014 [J]. The Journal of Maternal-fetal & Neonatal Medicine: the Official Journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians, 2017, 30 (16): 1997-2002.
[6]
Song QF, Chen JX, Zhou YB, et al. Preterm delivery rate in China:a systematic review and meta-analysis [J]. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 2022, 22 (1): 383.
[7]
Shen LP, Wang J, Duan YF, et al. Prevalence of low birth weight and macrosomia estimates based on heaping adjustment method in China [J]. Scientific Reports, 2021, 11 (1): 15016.
[8]
Yang WX, Han N, Jiao MY, et al. Maternal diet quality during pregnancy and its influence on low birth weight and small for gestational age: a birth cohort in Beijing, China [J]. British Journal of Nutrition, 2023, 129 (8): 1-10.
[9]
Qian ZM, Guo XM, Gu JH, et al. Effects of dietary structure on the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus and macrosomia [J]. Ginekologia Polska, 2022, 93 (7): 564-569.
[10]
Zhang YM, Zhao YL, Duan YF, et al. Effects of prepregnancy dietary patterns on infant birth weight: a prospective cohort study [J]. The Journal of Maternal-fetal & Neonatal Medicine: the Official Journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians, 2023, 36 (2): 2273216.
[11]
严靖,周骏,丁媛媛, 等. 中国膳食平衡指数及其应用的研究进展 [J]. 现代预防医学, 2023, 50 (20): 3702-3705, 3718.
Yan J, Zhou J, Ding YY, et al. Research progress on Chinese dietary balance index and its application [J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2023, 50 (20): 3702-3705, 3718. (In Chinese)
[12]
何宇纳,叶晨,房玥晖, 等. 中国膳食平衡指数的修订:DBI_22 [J]. 营养学报, 2024, 46 (3): 209-214.
He YN, Ye C, Fang YH, et al. Update of the Chinese diet balance index:DBI_22 [J]. Acta Nutrimenta Sinica, 2024, 46 (3): 209-214. (In Chinese)
[13]
李梦媛,王杰,房玥晖, 等. 应用调整的孕期膳食平衡指数评价孕妇膳食质量 [J]. 卫生研究, 2023, 52 (2): 198-204.
Li MY, Wang J, Fang YH, et al. Evaluate the dietary quality of pregnant women using the adjusted diet balance index for pregnancy [J]. Journal of Hygiene Research, 2023, 52 (2): 198-204. (In Chinese)
[14]
Ni XR, Qiao T, Wang R, et al. Assessing the reproducibility and validity of a food frequency questionnaire for pregnant women from the Chinese Miao ethnic group [J]. Front Nutr, 2024, 11: 1322225.
[15]
常倩倩,党少农,颜虹, 等. 利用孕期膳食平衡指数评价陕西省孕妇膳食质量 [J]. 西安交通大学学报:医学版, 2022, 43 (5): 744-751.
Chang QQ, Dang SN, Yan H, et al. Evaluation of diet quality among pregnant women in Shaanxi Province by Diet Balance Index for Pregnancy [J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University(Medical Sciences), 2022, 43 (5): 744-751. (In Chinese)
[16]
钟无限,毛帅,蓝航莲, 等. 应用中国孕期膳食平衡指数评价10城市孕妇膳食质量 [J]. 营养学报, 2022, 44 (6): 544-548.
Zhong WX, Mao S, Lan HL, et al. Assessment of dietary quality of pregnant women in 10 cities of China by Chinese diet balance index for pregnancy [J]. Acta Nutrimenta Sinica, 2022, 44 (6): 544-548. (In Chinese)
[17]
Okubo H, Miyake Y, Sasaki S, et al. Maternal dietary patterns in pregnancy and fetal growth in Japan: the Osaka Maternal and Child Health Study [J]. British Journal of Nutrition, 2012, 107 (10): 1526-1533.
[18]
Xu RR, Liu YL, Cui HM, et al. The association between maternal fruit consumption before and during pregnancy and fetal growth: The Lanzhou birth cohort study [J]. Heliyon, 2024, 10 (15): e35628.
[19]
Li TT, He YS, Wang N, et al. Maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy and birth weight: a prospective cohort study [J]. Nutrition Journal, 2024, 23 (1): 100.
[20]
Xu JR, Wang HX, Bian JF, et al. Association between the Maternal Mediterranean Diet and Perinatal Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [J]. Advances in Nutrition, 2024, 15 (2): 100159.
2025年第52卷第21期
PDF下载
36
19
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202505437
  • 接收时间:2025-05-25
  • 首发时间:2026-10-29
  • 出版时间:2025-11-10
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-25
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(82160616)
作者信息
    1.贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院,环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州 贵阳 561113
    2.贵州医科大学附属医院临床营养科,贵州 贵阳 550004

通讯作者:

梁一,E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202505437
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏