Article(id=1322608156249800990, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1322608013010120712, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202505216, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1747065600000, receivedDateStr=2025-05-13, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793263957320, onlineDateStr=2026-10-29, pubDate=1762704000000, pubDateStr=2025-11-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793263957320, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-29, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793263957320, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793263957320, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322608013010120712, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2025', volume='52', issue='21', pageStart='3841', pageEnd='4032', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1762704000000', pubDateStr='2025-11-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793263923169, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793264266929, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322609454932149086, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1322608013010120712, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322609454932149087, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1322608013010120712, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=3893, endPage=3899, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322608158338564387, articleId=1322608156249800990, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Application of LSTM-Informer model in the prediction of pulmonary tuberculosis incidence, columnId=1240413921954295836, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Epidemiology and Statistical Methods, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective To explore the application of the advanced LSTM-Informer model in predicting and early warning of pulmonary tuberculosis incidence, providing a reference for relevant authorities to formulate prevention and control measures, and offering new methodologies and insights for forecasting other infectious diseases.
Methods Pulmonary tuberculosis incidence data for Jining City from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2022, were obtained from the National Notifiable Disease Reporting System (NNDRS). Monthly incidence rates were calculated by integrating demographic data from the Jining Statistical Yearbook (2010—2022). The final 12, 18, and 24 months of data were used as test sets to evaluate model performance, with the remaining data constituting the training set. The LSTM-Informer model was constructed and its reliability assessed through comparison with standalone LSTM and Informer models.
Results The predictive performance of the three models across different forecast horizons was evaluated using error metrics: Mean Squared Error (MSE), Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), and the Coefficient of Determination(R2). Results demonstrated that the LSTM-Informer model consistently outperformed the single models. In the prediction of the 12-month length, the MSE of the model was 0.028, which was 59.4% lower than that of LSTM, the MAE value of 0.155 was 34.0% lower than that of LSTM, and the R2 value was 0.850. When the forecast horizon extended to 18 months, the model maintained a stable MAPE of 0.104 and an R2 of 0.808. Even at the 24-month horizon, the LSTM-Informer model retained significant advantages(R2=0.782).
Conclusion Compared to single models, the LSTM-Informer model, leveraging both local and global feature extraction, significantly enhances prediction accuracy for medium-to-long-term forecasts. It shows considerable promise for providing novel theoretical support and reference for developing pulmonary tuberculosis incidence early-warning systems locally.
, authors=Qing-lin LI
1, 2, Jin-ming SU
1, 2, Shu-yue YANG
1, 2, Yu-min LIANG
3, Wen-guo JIANG
3, Wei LIU
3, Ling XUE
1, Wen-jun WANG
2, authorsList=Qing-lin LI, Jin-ming SU, Shu-yue YANG, Yu-min LIANG, Wen-guo JIANG, Wei LIU, Ling XUE, Wen-jun WANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Wen-jun WANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322608169336029515, articleId=1322608156249800990, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=CN, title=LSTM-Informer模型在肺结核发病率预测中的应用, columnId=1228016567632462653, journalTitle=现代预防医学, columnName=流行病与统计方法, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的 探究前沿模型长短期记忆神经网络(long short-term memory,LSTM)-Informer在肺结核病率预测预警中的应用,为相关部门制定防治措施提供参考,同时为其他传染病的预测提供新的方法和思路。
方法 通过《国家传染病网络直报系统》获得济宁市2010年1月1日—2022年12月31日肺结核发病资料,并结合《济宁市统计年鉴2010—2022》计算月度发病率数据;分别以数据最后12、18和24个月为测试集用于模型效果评价,其余为训练集构建LSTM-Informer模型并与LSTM、Informer单一模型进行比较,测试组合模型的可靠性。
结果 使用均方误差(mean squared error,MSE)、均方根误差(root mean squared error,RMSE)、平均绝对误差(mean absolute error,MAE)、平均绝对百分比误差(mean absolute percentage error,MAPE)和决定系数(R2)误差指标对比三个模型在不同预测时间下肺结核发病趋势中的预测效能。结果显示,LSTM-Informer模型性能均优于单一模型,在12个月长度的预测中,该模型MSE为0.028,较LSTM降低了59.4%,MAE值0.155,较LSTM减少34.0%,R2值为0.850;当时间延长至18个月时,其MAPE指标稳定在0.104,R2值为0.808;在24个月预测长度下,LSTM-Informer模型仍可以保持较好的优势(R2=0.782)。
结论 对比单一模型来看,基于局部-全局特征提取的LSTM-Informer模型在中长期预测中明显提高了预测精度,有望为当地肺结核发病预警系统提供新的理论支持与参考。
, authors=李青林
1, 2, 苏金铭
1, 2, 杨舒越
1, 2, 梁玉民
3, 姜文国
3, 刘伟
3, 薛玲
1, 王文军
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李青林(1998—),男,硕士在读,研究方向:传染病流行病学,疾病预防与控制
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本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=iS0D90ibjWtKcEmL87uo3w==, magXml=gDqIEpszsuw2ATrvwe6zVQ==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=w8rScLBq2vPYPdzwVUTm6A==, pdfFileSize=1129540, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=5rbOgKyoKZujkRdbjQDDUg==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=qemXA5uz7FWoBk+704je6A==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1322608171479318868, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608156249800990, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322608171743560023, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608156249800990, authorId=1322608171479318868, language=EN, stringName=Qing-lin LI, firstName=Qing-lin, middleName=null, lastName=LI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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Principle framework of Informer model, figureFileSmall=/zdaPXycEpPuXrbDrUFsMw==, figureFileBig=5rbOgKyoKZujkRdbjQDDUg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322608176952885642, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608156249800990, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
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Time sequence diagram of pulmonary tuberculosis incidence in Jining City from 2010 to 2022, figureFileSmall=txO2SH13gb4tFE48C9VdRA==, figureFileBig=Uf4QXboHH9w9zcBxfGEEnQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322608177636557196, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608156249800990, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
2010—2022年济宁市肺结核发病率时序图, figureFileSmall=txO2SH13gb4tFE48C9VdRA==, figureFileBig=Uf4QXboHH9w9zcBxfGEEnQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322608177720443277, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608156249800990, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=
Comparison of prediction effects of various models, figureFileSmall=JkXFtUjPHqKxswkzuYcwyw==, figureFileBig=SEIwOeY2T/4prTy6gzIfYQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322608177795940750, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608156249800990, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
各模型预测效果对比注:A为预测12个月各模型效果对比,B为预测18个月各模型效果对比,C为预测24个月各模型效果对比。
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Introduction and settings of important parameters of Informer model
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| 名称 | 参数意义解释 | 常用取值 | 本研究取值 |
|---|
| batch_size | 批次大小,每次迭代中用于更新模型参数的样本数量 | 32~512 | 32 |
| d_model | 模型隐藏的特征,用于设置输入和输出的特征维度 | 32~128 | 32 |
| n_heads | 多头自注意力机制中注意力头的数量 | 2/4/6/8 | 4 |
| e_layers | 编码器层数 | 1/2/3 | 1 |
| d_layers | 解码器层数 | 1/2/3 | 1 |
| d_ff | 前馈网络维度,编码器/解码器内部全连接层的扩展维度 | 32~128 | 32 |
| learnin_rate | 学习率,模型控制参数更新步长的超参数 | 0.000 1~0.01 | 0.001 |
| dropout | 丢弃概率,在训练中以某种概率忽略部分神经元,防止过拟合 | 0.1~0.6 | 0.3 |
| train_epochs | 训练次数,整个数据集被模型用来训练的次数 | 50~1 000 | 500 |
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Informer 模型重要参数介绍及设置
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| 名称 | 参数意义解释 | 常用取值 | 本研究取值 |
|---|
| batch_size | 批次大小,每次迭代中用于更新模型参数的样本数量 | 32~512 | 32 |
| d_model | 模型隐藏的特征,用于设置输入和输出的特征维度 | 32~128 | 32 |
| n_heads | 多头自注意力机制中注意力头的数量 | 2/4/6/8 | 4 |
| e_layers | 编码器层数 | 1/2/3 | 1 |
| d_layers | 解码器层数 | 1/2/3 | 1 |
| d_ff | 前馈网络维度,编码器/解码器内部全连接层的扩展维度 | 32~128 | 32 |
| learnin_rate | 学习率,模型控制参数更新步长的超参数 | 0.000 1~0.01 | 0.001 |
| dropout | 丢弃概率,在训练中以某种概率忽略部分神经元,防止过拟合 | 0.1~0.6 | 0.3 |
| train_epochs | 训练次数,整个数据集被模型用来训练的次数 | 50~1 000 | 500 |
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Comparison of model performance under different prediction lengths
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| 时间(月) | 模型 | MSE | RMSE | MAE | MAPE | R2值 |
|---|
| 12 | LSTM | 0.069 | 0.264 | 0.235 | 0.187 | 0.623 |
| Informer | 0.044 | 0.211 | 0.179 | 0.125 | 0.759 |
| LSTM-Informer | 0.028 | 0.166 | 0.155 | 0.115 | 0.850 |
| 18 | LSTM | 0.077 | 0.278 | 0.236 | 0.178 | 0.437 |
| Informer | 0.032 | 0.179 | 0.147 | 0.103 | 0.767 |
| LSTM-Informer | 0.026 | 0.162 | 0.140 | 0.104 | 0.808 |
| 24 | LSTM | 0.113 | 0.336 | 0.268 | 0.195 | 0.001 |
| Informer | 0.031 | 0.177 | 0.145 | 0.093 | 0.722 |
| LSTM-Informer | 0.025 | 0.157 | 0.132 | 0.093 | 0.782 |
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不同预测长度下的模型性能比较
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| 时间(月) | 模型 | MSE | RMSE | MAE | MAPE | R2值 |
|---|
| 12 | LSTM | 0.069 | 0.264 | 0.235 | 0.187 | 0.623 |
| Informer | 0.044 | 0.211 | 0.179 | 0.125 | 0.759 |
| LSTM-Informer | 0.028 | 0.166 | 0.155 | 0.115 | 0.850 |
| 18 | LSTM | 0.077 | 0.278 | 0.236 | 0.178 | 0.437 |
| Informer | 0.032 | 0.179 | 0.147 | 0.103 | 0.767 |
| LSTM-Informer | 0.026 | 0.162 | 0.140 | 0.104 | 0.808 |
| 24 | LSTM | 0.113 | 0.336 | 0.268 | 0.195 | 0.001 |
| Informer | 0.031 | 0.177 | 0.145 | 0.093 | 0.722 |
| LSTM-Informer | 0.025 | 0.157 | 0.132 | 0.093 | 0.782 |
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