Article(id=1322608124519887508, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1322608013010120712, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202506401, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1750694400000, receivedDateStr=2025-06-24, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793263949756, onlineDateStr=2026-10-29, pubDate=1762704000000, pubDateStr=2025-11-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793263949756, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-29, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793263949755, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793263949755, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322608013010120712, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2025', volume='52', issue='21', pageStart='3841', pageEnd='4032', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1762704000000', pubDateStr='2025-11-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793263923169, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793264266929, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322609454932149086, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1322608013010120712, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322609454932149087, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1322608013010120712, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=3886, endPage=3892, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322608126340215445, articleId=1322608124519887508, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Spatio-temporal distribution patterns of colorectal cancer incidence in the Chinese cancer registry regions, columnId=1240413921954295836, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Epidemiology and Statistical Methods, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To describe the spatio-temporal distribution of the incidence of colorectal cancer(CRC) in China and provide epidemiological evidence for prevention and treatment.

Methods

Based on the data of CRC incidence in the Chinese Cancer Registry Annual Report from 2008 to 2021, the temporal trend was analyzed by the Joinpoint regression model, the spatial autocorrelation analysis was conducted to examine spatial distribution patterns, and the influencing factors were analyzed by the age-period-cohort model.

Results

From 2005 to 2018, the age standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of CRC in China was 23.77/100 000, showing a downward trend (AAPC=-1.1%). The ASIR of males and urban areas was higher than that of females and rural areas. The incidence of CRC exhibited a spatial clustering pattern in the eastern region. The eastern region was identified as a high-risk hotspot area. The age effect indicated that the risk of developing CRC increased with age. Time effect showed that the incidence of CRC in China was on the decline, but the incidence of CRC in rural areas was on the rise. In terms of the cohort effect, the population born between 1925 and 1929 had the highest risk of developing CRC.

Conclusion

From 2005 to 2018, the ASIR of CRC had decreased, but there were population and regional differences. The eastern region had been identified as a hotspot area.

, authors=Jian-jiang SHAO1, Wen-hui LI1, Yu ZHANG1, Qiang NIU1, 2, 3, 4, Guan-ling SONG1, 2, 3, 4, Huai-miao JIA5, Yun-hua HU1, 2, 3, 4, Yi-zhong YAN1, 2, 3, 4, authorsList=Jian-jiang SHAO, Wen-hui LI, Yu ZHANG, Qiang NIU, Guan-ling SONG, Huai-miao JIA, Yun-hua HU, Yi-zhong YAN, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Yun-hua HU, Yi-zhong YAN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322608127808221858, articleId=1322608124519887508, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=CN, title=中国肿瘤登记地区结直肠癌发病的时空分布模式分析, columnId=1228016567632462653, journalTitle=现代预防医学, columnName=流行病与统计方法, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

描述中国结直肠癌发病率的时空分布特征,为预防和治疗提供流行病学依据。

方法

基于2008—2021年《中国肿瘤登记年报》中结直肠癌发病率数据,运用joinpoint回归模型分析时间趋势,利用空间自相关方法揭示空间分布特征,通过年龄-时期-队列模型分析影响因素。

结果

2005—2018年,中国结直肠癌的年龄标准化发病率(age standardized incidence rate,ASIR)为23.77/10万,呈下降趋势(AAPC=-1.1%)。男性和城市的ASIR高于女性和农村地区。结直肠癌发病率在东部地区呈现空间聚集特征。东部地区被识别为高发热点区域。年龄效应表明,结直肠癌发病的风险随着年龄的增长而增加。时间效应显示,全国结直肠癌发病率呈下降趋势,但农村地区的发病率有所上升。在队列效应方面,1925—1929年出生的人群患结直肠癌的风险最高。

结论

2005—2018年,结直肠癌的ASIR有所下降,但存在人群和地区差异。东部地区被确定为热点区域。

, authors=邵健将1, 李文慧1, 张雨1, 牛强1, 2, 3, 4, 宋关玲1, 2, 3, 4, 贾怀妙5, 胡云华1, 2, 3, 4, 闫贻忠1, 2, 3, 4, authorsList=邵健将, 李文慧, 张雨, 牛强, 宋关玲, 贾怀妙, 胡云华, 闫贻忠, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=胡云华, 闫贻忠, authorNote=

邵健将(1999—),男,硕士在读,研究方向:肿瘤流行病学

, correspAuthorsNote=
闫贻忠,E-mail:;
胡云华,E-mail:;闫贻忠与胡云华为共同通信作者
, copyrightStatement=本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=nPr9eN3ZR9nw59lo/ud3rQ==, magXml=olYlsYswBtZSUNbyi7sMoQ==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=jR7c6STx5pi0oQT9l3oK5g==, pdfFileSize=1507909, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=vp6ieSHOQ+TBTP2vzEHIfQ==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=igul9hlRcheUHDC+RbLCjA==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1322608128559002287, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608124519887508, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322608128647082673, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608124519887508, authorId=1322608128559002287, language=EN, stringName=Jian-jiang SHAO, firstName=Jian-jiang, middleName=null, lastName=SHAO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322608128735163058, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608124519887508, authorId=1322608128559002287, language=CN, stringName=邵健将, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.石河子大学医学院预防医学系,新疆 石河子 832000, bio={"content":"

邵健将(1999—),男,硕士在读,研究方向:肿瘤流行病学

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邵健将(1999—),男,硕士在读,研究方向:肿瘤流行病学

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2. 新疆生产建设兵团重大新发传染病防控与公共卫生安全重点实验室,新疆 石河子 832000
3. 石河子大学预防医学重点实验室,新疆 石河子 832000
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2. 新疆生产建设兵团重大新发传染病防控与公共卫生安全重点实验室,新疆 石河子 832000
3. 石河子大学预防医学重点实验室,新疆 石河子 832000
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Oncologist, 2018, 23 (8): 928-935., articleTitle=The implementation and First- Round results of a Community-Based colorectal cancer screening program in Shanghai, China, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322608144346362674, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608124519887508, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=13, issue=5, pageStart=443, pageEnd=448, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[31], rfOrder=52, authorNames=Piscitello A, Edwards DK5, journalName=Cancer Prevention Research(Philadelphia, Pa.), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Piscitello A, Edwards DK5. Estimating the Screening-Eligible population size, Ages 45-74, at average risk to develop colorectal cancer in the United States [J]. 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Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging, 2023, 27 (7): 550-558., articleTitle=Famine exposure during early Life and risk of cancer in adulthood: a systematic review and Meta-Analysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322608144535106356, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608124519887508, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=13, issue=5, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[33], rfOrder=54, authorNames=Long D, Mao CH, Zhang ZS, journalName=Frontiers in Oncology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Long D, Mao CH, Zhang ZS, et al. Long-term trends in the burden of colorectal cancer in Europe over three decades: a joinpoint regression and age-period-cohort analysis [J]. 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注:审图号GS(2019)1822号。

, figureFileSmall=VHUTlXcxjk2Gh9Q3AfIFqg==, figureFileBig=vg+dWwMKlAf44nzu9WukTg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322608133550224112, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608124519887508, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=Local spatial autocorrelation analysis of CRC incidence in China from 2010 to 2016, figureFileSmall=qE++nU6LQxnLO4S2ibmKcA==, figureFileBig=m4q+gKK8VLgBpqElj0/MBA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322608133621527281, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608124519887508, language=CN, label=图3, caption=2010—2016年中国结直肠癌发病率的局部空间自相关分析

注:审图号GS(2019)1822号。

, figureFileSmall=qE++nU6LQxnLO4S2ibmKcA==, figureFileBig=m4q+gKK8VLgBpqElj0/MBA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322608135290860274, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608124519887508, language=EN, label=Figure 4, caption=Age-period-cohort analysis of CRC incidence in China from 2005 to 2018, figureFileSmall=w8RXMA/K+mClP9sZm2qgqQ==, figureFileBig=34eiPYEt5OectmSB1FXccA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322608135362163443, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608124519887508, language=CN, label=图4, caption=2005—2018年中国结直肠癌发病率的年龄-时期-队列分析

注:图A为全国;图B为男性;图C为女性;图D为城市地区;图E农村地区。

, figureFileSmall=w8RXMA/K+mClP9sZm2qgqQ==, figureFileBig=34eiPYEt5OectmSB1FXccA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322608135433466612, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608124519887508, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Incidence of CRC in China from 2005 to 2018 (1/100 000)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份
(年)
全国男性女性城市农村
发病数发病率ASIR发病数发病率ASIR发病数发病率ASIR发病数发病率ASIR发病数发病率ASIR
200514 71126.8924.318 06628.9927.786 70524.7421.3612 83331.5527.211 93813.6014.30
200617 31729.0725.919 45631.5127.757 86126.6022.6215 34132.9528.131 97615.1916.80
200717 71529.6226.019 82432.5027.677 89126.6823.1015 44734.6328.812 26814.9215.70
200820 76031.3925.9211 31433.9327.619 44628.8022.5918 53435.5328.372 22615.9215.18
200925 15929.4425.2614 00032.3827.6111 15926.4221.6920 57035.7929.354 58916.4015.48
201033 80427.1223.5218 87829.9327.2714 92624.2419.6626 18832.7427.337 61617.0515.90
201140 14727.5523.5422 78730.9427.0317 36024.0819.8029 12333.2726.9411 02418.9417.76
201252 04626.2822.3729 54029.4326.9522 50623.0418.8233 18933.0426.3218 85719.3217.68
201360 93426.9022.3834 80430.3026.8826 13023.4118.7038 05934.1026.4922 85719.9117.77
201479 18027.4722.5045 55731.1626.5533 62323.6718.6249 22334.1726.3729 95720.7818.11
201589 99328.0422.3852 08632.0026.1637 90723.9718.4253 35934.6226.2136 63421.9618.46
2016110 54628.9722.7564 51533.3226.1646 03124.4918.5266 68934.6226.0943 85723.2119.03
2017126 35628.9622.5473 97433.4526.1252 38224.3418.2573 89634.6525.9352 64023.5219.03
2018159 63530.5123.4293 76535.3226.1365 87025.5618.9084 96736.0026.5774 66826.0120.63
合计848 30328.5523.77488 56632.4526.86359 79724.5620.08537 41834.4227.15311 10722.0117.27
), ArticleFig(id=1322608135508964085, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608124519887508, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

2005—2018年中国结直肠癌发病情况(1/10万)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份
(年)
全国男性女性城市农村
发病数发病率ASIR发病数发病率ASIR发病数发病率ASIR发病数发病率ASIR发病数发病率ASIR
200514 71126.8924.318 06628.9927.786 70524.7421.3612 83331.5527.211 93813.6014.30
200617 31729.0725.919 45631.5127.757 86126.6022.6215 34132.9528.131 97615.1916.80
200717 71529.6226.019 82432.5027.677 89126.6823.1015 44734.6328.812 26814.9215.70
200820 76031.3925.9211 31433.9327.619 44628.8022.5918 53435.5328.372 22615.9215.18
200925 15929.4425.2614 00032.3827.6111 15926.4221.6920 57035.7929.354 58916.4015.48
201033 80427.1223.5218 87829.9327.2714 92624.2419.6626 18832.7427.337 61617.0515.90
201140 14727.5523.5422 78730.9427.0317 36024.0819.8029 12333.2726.9411 02418.9417.76
201252 04626.2822.3729 54029.4326.9522 50623.0418.8233 18933.0426.3218 85719.3217.68
201360 93426.9022.3834 80430.3026.8826 13023.4118.7038 05934.1026.4922 85719.9117.77
201479 18027.4722.5045 55731.1626.5533 62323.6718.6249 22334.1726.3729 95720.7818.11
201589 99328.0422.3852 08632.0026.1637 90723.9718.4253 35934.6226.2136 63421.9618.46
2016110 54628.9722.7564 51533.3226.1646 03124.4918.5266 68934.6226.0943 85723.2119.03
2017126 35628.9622.5473 97433.4526.1252 38224.3418.2573 89634.6525.9352 64023.5219.03
2018159 63530.5123.4293 76535.3226.1365 87025.5618.9084 96736.0026.5774 66826.0120.63
合计848 30328.5523.77488 56632.4526.86359 79724.5620.08537 41834.4227.15311 10722.0117.27
), ArticleFig(id=1322608135584461558, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608124519887508, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Joinpoint regression analysis results of CRC incidence in China from 2005 to 2018 (%)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标全国男性女性城市农村
APC (95% CI)-1.1*(-1.7~-0.5)-0.7*(-1.2~-0.1)-1.8*(-2.5~-1.2)-0.7*(-1.1~-0.3)2.3(1.7~2.9)
t值-4.311-2.660-6.320-4.0388.088
P值0.0010.023<0.0010.002<0.001
AAPC (95% CI)-1.1*(-1.7~-0.5)-0.7*(-1.2~-0.1)-1.8*(-2.5~-1.2)-0.7*(-1.1~-0.3)2.3*(1.7~2.9)
t值-4.311-2.660-6.320-4.0388.088
P值0.0010.023<0.0010.002<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1322608135672541943, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608124519887508, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

2005—2018年中国结直肠癌发病率的joinpoint回归分析结果 (%)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标全国男性女性城市农村
APC (95% CI)-1.1*(-1.7~-0.5)-0.7*(-1.2~-0.1)-1.8*(-2.5~-1.2)-0.7*(-1.1~-0.3)2.3(1.7~2.9)
t值-4.311-2.660-6.320-4.0388.088
P值0.0010.023<0.0010.002<0.001
AAPC (95% CI)-1.1*(-1.7~-0.5)-0.7*(-1.2~-0.1)-1.8*(-2.5~-1.2)-0.7*(-1.1~-0.3)2.3*(1.7~2.9)
t值-4.311-2.660-6.320-4.0388.088
P值0.0010.023<0.0010.002<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1322608135743845112, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608124519887508, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Global Moran’s I index of CRC incidence in China from 2010 to 2016

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年份(年)Moran I 指数预期指数方差Z值P值
20100.364-0.0310.0055.407<0.001
20110.359-0.0310.0055.282<0.001
20120.341-0.0310.0055.141<0.001
20130.367-0.0310.0055.414<0.001
20140.388-0.0310.0055.665<0.001
20150.436-0.0310.0056.324<0.001
20160.369-0.0310.0055.461<0.001
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2010—2016年中国结直肠癌发病率全局 Moran I 指数

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年份(年)Moran I 指数预期指数方差Z值P值
20100.364-0.0310.0055.407<0.001
20110.359-0.0310.0055.282<0.001
20120.341-0.0310.0055.141<0.001
20130.367-0.0310.0055.414<0.001
20140.388-0.0310.0055.665<0.001
20150.436-0.0310.0056.324<0.001
20160.369-0.0310.0055.461<0.001
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中国肿瘤登记地区结直肠癌发病的时空分布模式分析
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邵健将 1 , 李文慧 1 , 张雨 1 , 牛强 1, 2, 3, 4 , 宋关玲 1, 2, 3, 4 , 贾怀妙 5 , 胡云华 1, 2, 3, 4 , 闫贻忠 1, 2, 3, 4
现代预防医学 | 流行病与统计方法 2025,52(21): 3886-3892
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现代预防医学 |流行病与统计方法 2025 , 52 (21) : 3886 -3892
中国肿瘤登记地区结直肠癌发病的时空分布模式分析
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邵健将1, 李文慧1, 张雨1, 牛强1, 2, 3, 4, 宋关玲1, 2, 3, 4, 贾怀妙5, 胡云华1, 2, 3, 4 , 闫贻忠1, 2, 3, 4
作者信息
  • 1.石河子大学医学院预防医学系,新疆 石河子 832000
  • 2. 新疆生产建设兵团重大新发传染病防控与公共卫生安全重点实验室,新疆 石河子 832000
  • 3. 石河子大学预防医学重点实验室,新疆 石河子 832000
  • 4.新疆地方与民族疾病教育部重点实验室,新疆 石河子 832000
  • 5.新疆生产建设兵团第八师石河子市疾病预防控制中心
通讯作者:
闫贻忠,E-mail:;
胡云华,E-mail:;闫贻忠与胡云华为共同通信作者
作者简介:

邵健将(1999—),男,硕士在读,研究方向:肿瘤流行病学

Spatio-temporal distribution patterns of colorectal cancer incidence in the Chinese cancer registry regions
Jian-jiang SHAO1, Wen-hui LI1, Yu ZHANG1, Qiang NIU1, 2, 3, 4, Guan-ling SONG1, 2, 3, 4, Huai-miao JIA5, Yun-hua HU1, 2, 3, 4 , Yi-zhong YAN1, 2, 3, 4
Affiliations
  • Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, China
出版时间: 2025-11-10 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202506401
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目的

描述中国结直肠癌发病率的时空分布特征,为预防和治疗提供流行病学依据。

方法

基于2008—2021年《中国肿瘤登记年报》中结直肠癌发病率数据,运用joinpoint回归模型分析时间趋势,利用空间自相关方法揭示空间分布特征,通过年龄-时期-队列模型分析影响因素。

结果

2005—2018年,中国结直肠癌的年龄标准化发病率(age standardized incidence rate,ASIR)为23.77/10万,呈下降趋势(AAPC=-1.1%)。男性和城市的ASIR高于女性和农村地区。结直肠癌发病率在东部地区呈现空间聚集特征。东部地区被识别为高发热点区域。年龄效应表明,结直肠癌发病的风险随着年龄的增长而增加。时间效应显示,全国结直肠癌发病率呈下降趋势,但农村地区的发病率有所上升。在队列效应方面,1925—1929年出生的人群患结直肠癌的风险最高。

结论

2005—2018年,结直肠癌的ASIR有所下降,但存在人群和地区差异。东部地区被确定为热点区域。

结直肠癌  /  发病率  /  Joinpoint回归模型  /  年龄-时期-队列模型  /  空间自相关分析
Objective

To describe the spatio-temporal distribution of the incidence of colorectal cancer(CRC) in China and provide epidemiological evidence for prevention and treatment.

Methods

Based on the data of CRC incidence in the Chinese Cancer Registry Annual Report from 2008 to 2021, the temporal trend was analyzed by the Joinpoint regression model, the spatial autocorrelation analysis was conducted to examine spatial distribution patterns, and the influencing factors were analyzed by the age-period-cohort model.

Results

From 2005 to 2018, the age standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of CRC in China was 23.77/100 000, showing a downward trend (AAPC=-1.1%). The ASIR of males and urban areas was higher than that of females and rural areas. The incidence of CRC exhibited a spatial clustering pattern in the eastern region. The eastern region was identified as a high-risk hotspot area. The age effect indicated that the risk of developing CRC increased with age. Time effect showed that the incidence of CRC in China was on the decline, but the incidence of CRC in rural areas was on the rise. In terms of the cohort effect, the population born between 1925 and 1929 had the highest risk of developing CRC.

Conclusion

From 2005 to 2018, the ASIR of CRC had decreased, but there were population and regional differences. The eastern region had been identified as a hotspot area.

Colorectal cancer  /  Incidence  /  Joinpoint regression model  /  Age-period-cohort model  /  Spatial autocorrelation analysis
邵健将, 李文慧, 张雨, 牛强, 宋关玲, 贾怀妙, 胡云华, 闫贻忠. 中国肿瘤登记地区结直肠癌发病的时空分布模式分析. 现代预防医学, 2025 , 52 (21) : 3886 -3892 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202506401
Jian-jiang SHAO, Wen-hui LI, Yu ZHANG, Qiang NIU, Guan-ling SONG, Huai-miao JIA, Yun-hua HU, Yi-zhong YAN. Spatio-temporal distribution patterns of colorectal cancer incidence in the Chinese cancer registry regions[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2025 , 52 (21) : 3886 -3892 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202506401
结直肠癌(colorectal cancer)是全球重大公共卫生问题之一。国际癌症研究机构(International Agency for Research on Cancer, IARC)数据显示,2022年全球结直肠癌新发和死亡病例分别达199和104万,分别位列恶性肿瘤第三位和第二位[1]。《中国癌症统计报告2020》显示,结直肠癌在中国所有癌症中的发病率排名第二,死亡率排名第五[2],已成为中国不可忽视的主要疾病负担。目前针对结直肠癌的研究众多,但多数研究仅关注结直肠癌发病率的单一维度变化,缺乏对时间、空间聚集性以及年龄、时期、队列等多维度特征的综合分析。本研究构建了多维时空综合分析框架,通过joinpoint回归、空间自相关分析与年龄-时期-队列模型等方法,对中国结直肠癌发病率的时空特征及变化趋势进行分析,全面揭示结直肠癌的流行病学特征,为中国结直肠癌预防和控制措施的制定提供科学依据。
中国结直肠癌发病率数据来源于《中国肿瘤登记年报》(2008—2021年)[3-16]。标准人口数据来源于《第六次全国人口普查》[17]。结直肠癌病例的诊断基于《国际疾病分类第十版》(ICD-10/C18-21)[18]。城乡分类遵循《中国肿瘤登记年报》的标准。
采用joinpoint模型描述疾病发病率的连续趋势,识别发病率的关键转折点及分段趋势,采用对数线性模型,通过转折点数量和位置评估不同时期的趋势变化[19]。计算公式为:
式中e为自然对数底数,k是转折点的数量,τk为未知转折点的数量,β0表示为不变参数,β1为回归系数,δk表示第k段子函数的斜率。
以年度变化百分比(annual percentage change,APC)评估各分段区间内部趋势,以平均年度变化百分比(average annual percentage change, AAPC)评价整体的变化趋势,采取95%置信区间(95% confidence interval, 95% CI)判断变化趋势是否具有统计学意义。使用Joinpoint Regression Program 5.0.2软件进行joinpoint回归分析。
空间自相关分析是一种用于评估研究区域内变量值之间是否存在依赖关系的度量方法,常用的指数有Moran I、Geary C和G统计量[20]。Moran I统计量既可评估整体空间聚集性,又能通过局部Moran I精准识别热点与冷点区域。
全局Moran I指数反映全国范围内结直肠癌发病率的空间分布。范围从-1到1,大于0表示正空间自相关,小于0表示负空间自相关,局部Moran I统计量用于检查特定单元与其周围单元之间的相关性,接近0时,表示空间单元周围的分布趋于随机;正指数表示为高值聚集区;负指数表示为低值聚集区。使用Arc GIS 10.8软件分析中国2010—2016年结直肠癌发病率的空间分布特征。
年龄-时期-队列模型能够量化年龄、时期和出生队列对发病率的独立影响,揭示人口结构变化驱动疾病趋势的机制,并估计各因素的效应强度[21-22]。该模型的公式为:
式中α、β和γ代表年龄、时期和队列的效应,而ε则表示残差。采用发病率的相对危险度(relative risk, RR)描述趋势变化。使用在线网络分析工具构建年龄-时期-队列模型,检验水准α=0.05。
2005—2018年,中国共有848 303例新发结直肠癌病例。总体发病率为28.55/10万。年龄标准化发病率(age-standardized incidence rate,ASIR)为23.77/10万。男性、城市地区的发病率和ASIR均高于女性和农村地区。
2005—2018年,中国结直肠癌的AAPC为-1.1%(95% CI: -1.7%~-0.5%)。男性(AAPC=-0.7%)降幅低于女性(AAPC=-1.8%),城市地区(AAPC=-0.7%)呈下降趋势,而农村呈显著上升趋势(AAPC=2.3%)。见表1、2,图1。
《中国癌症注册中心2013—2019年年度报告》提供了结直肠癌发病率的详细区域数据。分析结果显示,2010—2016年,中国结直肠癌发病率最高的地区主要集中在东部沿海省份,见图2。空间自相关分析显示,全局Moran I指数始终大于0(P<0.001),结直肠癌发病率存在显著的正空间自相关,存在聚集分布。2015年的Moran I值最高,结直肠癌发病率的空间聚集程度最强。见表3。
局部空间自相关分析结果显示,2010年中国结直肠癌发病率的热点主要集中在东南地区和华东地区。到2016年,高发地区向北扩展,包括华东地区和东北地区。同时,冷点区域从2010年的7个增加到2016年的11个。2010年,这些冷点主要位于中国的西部和西北地区。到2016年,低发地区扩展到中国的西南部和中部地区。见图3。
在年龄效应方面,2005—2018年,中国总体、男性和农村结直肠癌的发病模式基本一致;0~44岁的人群,结直肠癌的发病风险随年龄逐渐增加;45~79岁的人群,发病风险迅速增加,在80~84岁达到峰值。女性和城市结直肠癌发病风险趋势基本一致;0~34岁,发病风险随年龄缓慢增加;35~69岁,发病风险急剧增加,在70岁达到峰值。
2005—2018年,时期效应显示,全国范围内结直肠癌的发病风险总体呈下降趋势,但农村地区除外。
在队列效应方面,1925—1929年出生的人群患结直肠癌的风险最高。男性中,2000—2004年之后出生的队列开始显示出结直肠癌发病风险下降的趋势。女性、城市和农村人群的结直肠癌发病风险队列效应基本相似,1925—1929年出生的人群风险最高。见图4。
本研究构建了多维时空综合分析框架,分析了结直肠癌的时空分布特征与变化趋势。结果显示,2005—2018年,中国结直肠癌粗发病率与全球持续上升趋势一致,但ASIR却呈下降趋势,这与王红等人[23]的结论相吻合。数据显示,2020年60岁以上人口已达2.64亿,粗发病率因老年人口基数扩大而上升。此外,一项研究表明,城市地区结肠镜筛查覆盖率在2005—2017年提升15个百分点,促使早期病变检出率提高30%,35~54岁城市居民主动筛查率也实现18%的增长[24],早期病变检出率的提高有效遏制了ASIR的快速增长。男性结直肠癌的ASIR高于女性,数据显示,吸烟会使结肠癌和直肠癌风险分别增加9%和24%,且男性吸烟率为53.12%,高于女性吸烟率的3.02%[25];另外,饮酒会使饮酒者结直肠癌风险提升13%(RR=1.13;95% CI:1.09~1.17),而男性饮酒频率为女性16.5倍[26]。在生理层面,雌激素通过与结直肠细胞受体结合抑制肿瘤增殖,这种性别差异也被认为是女性结直肠癌风险低于男性的原因之一。城乡对比显示,农村ASIR增速显著高于城市,这进一步证实了曹毛毛等[27]关于农村筛查资源不足及医疗配置失衡的结论,凸显区域防控资源均等化的紧迫性。
空间分析结果显示,结直肠癌高发区主要集中于华东地区,呈现“西低东高”分布模式,与魏楚楚等[25]的研究部分一致。与西部地区相比,东部地区的老龄化程度更为显著。此外,东部地区的人均红肉消费量比西部地区高出37%,且肥胖率也明显高于全国平均水平[28]。在东部和中部地区的工业化进程中,产生了诸如多环芳烃(PAHs)等污染物,从而导致了环境污染,而这些危险因素均有可能增加结直肠癌的发病风险[29]。热点区域中上海市、浙江省等地区的结肠镜筛查覆盖率也远高于冷点区域[30]。这些因素共同形成高发区域的发病特征。
年龄效应显示,中国结直肠癌的发病率在45岁发病风险开始快速上升,这提示早发性结直肠癌应引起重视。几十年前,超过90%的结直肠癌患者年龄>50岁,而现在全球年轻人的结直肠癌发病率正在迅速增加。早发性结直肠癌的危险因素、发病机制、治疗和预后尚不清楚,这引起了研究者的广泛关注,一些国家已建议将筛查年龄降至45岁,以便早期发现病例。在美国,50岁以上人群结直肠癌发病率已经出现下降的趋势,主要归因于筛查参与率的不断提高[31]。时期效应显示,2005—2018年中国全国范围、城市以及不同性别的结直肠癌发病风险均显示出下降的趋势,而农村地区除外。农村由于筛查覆盖率不全面与生活方式改变等原因,结直肠癌标化发病率呈现上升趋势。因此,农村地区应当加强结直肠癌相关科普知识,提高当地人群对结直肠癌症状及风险的认知,继续扩大筛查范围,提高居民的依从性,以进一步凸显筛查效果。队列效应分析显示,较晚出生队列人群的结直肠癌发病风险较低,这可能与较早出生人群在战争、饥荒等因素影响下较差的营养状况有关。Zhou J等[32]研究发现,与未暴露于饥荒的人群相比,早期生活暴露于饥荒的人群在成年后患癌症的风险显著增加(RR=1.13, 95% CI: 1.04~1.22)。在女性中,这种风险增加更为明显(RR=1.09,95% CI: 1.00~1.18)。Long D等[33]分析结果也显示,早期出生队列因战争和饥荒等因素导致营养状况不佳,与结直肠癌发病风险密切相关。经历过严重饥荒的女性患结直肠癌风险显著高于未经历过饥荒的女性。此外,较早出生人群的文化程度较低,对结直肠癌的防病意识相对薄弱,更易暴露于结直肠癌相关危险因素。
本研究存在一些局限性。数据来源于全国肿瘤登记处,而非随机抽样,这可能会影响整个人群的代表性和结果的普遍性。在时效性方面也存在局限性,因为最新的肿瘤登记数据一般存在三年的时间延迟。而我国目前最新出版的肿瘤登记年报数据仅更新了2018年的肿瘤统计数据。另外只有《中国癌症注册中心2013—2019年年度报告》提供了结直肠癌发病率的详细区域数据,因此本研究从这些报告中选择31个省级行政区(22个省、5个自治区和4个直辖市)数据进行空间自相关分析。对结直肠癌发病率的全面评估还应包括经济、家庭和社会层面的评估。未来的研究应结合多维度分析,以提供更全面的结果。
综上,2005—2018年,中国结直肠癌的ASIR呈下降趋势。且发病年龄趋于年轻化。东部地区是结直肠癌发病率的热点区域。为减轻负担,应重点关注结直肠癌发病率的热点区域。积极加强对高危人群的癌症预防和筛查。
  • 新疆生产建设兵团重点领域科技攻关计划项目(2023AB049)
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2025年第52卷第21期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202506401
  • 接收时间:2025-06-24
  • 首发时间:2026-10-29
  • 出版时间:2025-11-10
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  • 收稿日期:2025-06-24
基金
新疆生产建设兵团重点领域科技攻关计划项目(2023AB049)
天山英才科技创新团队-中亚地区高发疾病防治应用研究创新团队(2023TSYCTD0020)
石河子大学高层次人才计划项目(RCZK2021B28)
石河子大学自主支持项目(ZZZC202125)
作者信息
    1.石河子大学医学院预防医学系,新疆 石河子 832000
    2. 新疆生产建设兵团重大新发传染病防控与公共卫生安全重点实验室,新疆 石河子 832000
    3. 石河子大学预防医学重点实验室,新疆 石河子 832000
    4.新疆地方与民族疾病教育部重点实验室,新疆 石河子 832000
    5.新疆生产建设兵团第八师石河子市疾病预防控制中心

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闫贻忠,E-mail:;
胡云华,E-mail:;闫贻忠与胡云华为共同通信作者
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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