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Article(id=1322608052176540117, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1322608013010120712, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202505120, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1746806400000, receivedDateStr=2025-05-10, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793263932508, onlineDateStr=2026-10-29, pubDate=1762704000000, pubDateStr=2025-11-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793263932508, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-29, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793263932508, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793263932508, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322608013010120712, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2025', volume='52', issue='21', pageStart='3841', pageEnd='4032', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1762704000000', pubDateStr='2025-11-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793263923169, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793264266929, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322609454932149086, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1322608013010120712, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322609454932149087, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1322608013010120712, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=3957, endPage=3962, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322608052386255319, articleId=1322608052176540117, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Mechanism of the influence of family sports behavior environment on adolescent internet addiction, columnId=1228016568949474136, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Child and Adolescent Health, Maternal and Child Health, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To explore the influence of family sports behavior environment on adolescent internet addiction behavior, and to explore the role of parent-child and peer relationships at the interpersonal relationship level.

Methods

Convenience sampling was used to survey 909 junior high school students using the Family Sports Behavior Environment Scale, 10 item Internet Addiction Scale, Parent-Child Intimacy Scale, and Children and Adolescents Peer Relationship Scale.

Results

The chain mediation effect analysis showed that parent-child relationship and peer relationship played a mediating role between family sports behavior environment and internet addiction, respectively. The mediating effects of the three paths in the father-child relationship accounted for 24.9%, 11.4%, and 9% of the total effect, respectively. The mediating effects of the three paths in the mother-child relationship accounted for 25%, 8.3%, and 8.3% of the total effect, respectively.

Conclusion

Family sports behavior environment can directly predict the degree of internet addiction among junior high school students, and at the same time, family sports behavior environment can indirectly influence the internet addiction behavior of junior high school students through the chain mediation effect of parent-child and peer relationships.

, authors=Jing-song WANG, Shen WANG, authorsList=Jing-song WANG, Shen WANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Shen WANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322608057578803708, articleId=1322608052176540117, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=CN, title=家庭体育行为环境对青少年网络成瘾的影响机制研究, columnId=1228016570031604578, journalTitle=现代预防医学, columnName=儿少卫生与妇幼保健, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

探讨家庭体育行为环境对青少年网络成瘾行为的影响，并以人际关系层面为切入口探究亲子关系与同伴关系在其中的作用。

方法

采用方便抽样法对909名初中生进行家庭体育行为环境量表、10条目网络成瘾量表、亲子亲密度量表、儿童青少年同伴关系量表测评。

结果

链式中介效应分析显示，亲子关系与同伴关系分别在家庭体育行为环境和网络成瘾之间起中介作用，父子关系中三条路径的中介效应分别占总效应的24.9%、11.4%、9%；母子关系中三条路径的中介效应分别占总效应的25%、8.3%、8.3%。

结论

家庭体育行为环境能够直接预测初中生网络成瘾的程度，同时家庭体育行为环境能够通过亲子关系和同伴关系的链式中介作用间接影响初中生的网络成瘾行为。

, authors=王静松, 王深, authorsList=王静松, 王深, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=王深, authorNote=

王静松（1994—），男，博士在读，研究方向：运动心理学

, correspAuthorsNote=
王深，E-mail：
, copyrightStatement=本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点，除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=iYPlzY7PaHUzjL5fZK0o2w==, magXml=2fH0q+NxFzjCnHUwk1X5Sg==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=auFql9/f4RQyZI6eYD8dwg==, pdfFileSize=812723, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=fBtyiRScb+K8y/bdOlHUTw==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=c0BXR5np9JMW8yiea/0KCw==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1322608059503989250, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608052176540117, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322608059613041157, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608052176540117, authorId=1322608059503989250, language=EN, stringName=Jing-song WANG, firstName=Jing-song, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350000, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322608059684344326, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608052176540117, authorId=1322608059503989250, language=CN, stringName=王静松, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=福建师范大学体育科学学院，福建　福州　350000, bio={"content":"

王静松（1994—），男，博士在读，研究方向：运动心理学

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(In Chinese), articleTitle=The correlation of family sports, parent-child relationship and Internet addiction——a case study on middle school students in Guangdong, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322608058308612605, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608052176540117, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322608058317001214, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608052176540117, companyId=1322608058308612605, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322608058329584127, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608052176540117, companyId=1322608058308612605, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=福建师范大学体育科学学院，福建　福州　350000)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1322608060787446295, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608052176540117, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Chain mediated model of parent-child relationship and peer relationship, figureFileSmall=YASSb7WPOE4n3HqsFYn7pg==, figureFileBig=fBtyiRScb+K8y/bdOlHUTw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322608060896498200, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608052176540117, language=CN, label=图1, caption=亲子关系与同伴关系的链式中介模型, figureFileSmall=YASSb7WPOE4n3HqsFYn7pg==, figureFileBig=fBtyiRScb+K8y/bdOlHUTw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322608061290762778, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608052176540117, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=The impact path of family sports behavior environment on internet addiction in the father-child relationship model system, figureFileSmall=8BQO69GakF49NW0BeoZlvg==, figureFileBig=csGjQZgpcObn/pDCVZ6Smg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322608061362065948, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608052176540117, language=CN, label=图2, caption=父子关系模型体系中家庭体育行为环境对网络成瘾的影响路径, figureFileSmall=8BQO69GakF49NW0BeoZlvg==, figureFileBig=csGjQZgpcObn/pDCVZ6Smg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322608061630501405, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608052176540117, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=The impact path of family sports behavior environment on internet addiction in the mother-child relationship model system, figureFileSmall=qawhjPUbMpboKz1VI2yz/w==, figureFileBig=QBDjCH2lmrrLX3eoxMbw/A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322608061693415966, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608052176540117, language=CN, label=图3, caption=母子关系模型体系中家庭体育行为环境对网络成瘾的影响路径, figureFileSmall=qawhjPUbMpboKz1VI2yz/w==, figureFileBig=QBDjCH2lmrrLX3eoxMbw/A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322608061764719135, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608052176540117, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Basic information statistics of survey subjects

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
人口学变量人数百分比（%）
性别男42146.3
女48853.7
年级七年级26429.0
八年级29732.7
九年级34838.3
体重指数（BMI）消瘦34337.7
正常36940.6
超重12714.0
肥胖707.7
父亲文化程度高中及以下34137.5
大专或本科48753.6
硕士研究生及以上818.9
母亲文化程度高中及以下43547.9
大专或本科37641.4
硕士研究生及以上9810.8
出生排行独生子女19721.7
老大32435.6
老二27229.9
老三或更小11612.8
留守情况没有74281.6
父亲外出717.8
母亲外出586.4
父母均外出283.1
), ArticleFig(id=1322608061831828000, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608052176540117, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

调查对象基本情况统计表

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
人口学变量人数百分比（%）
性别男42146.3
女48853.7
年级七年级26429.0
八年级29732.7
九年级34838.3
体重指数（BMI）消瘦34337.7
正常36940.6
超重12714.0
肥胖707.7
父亲文化程度高中及以下34137.5
大专或本科48753.6
硕士研究生及以上818.9
母亲文化程度高中及以下43547.9
大专或本科37641.4
硕士研究生及以上9810.8
出生排行独生子女19721.7
老大32435.6
老二27229.9
老三或更小11612.8
留守情况没有74281.6
父亲外出717.8
母亲外出586.4
父母均外出283.1
), ArticleFig(id=1322608062003794465, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608052176540117, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Correlation analysis of family sports behavior environment with father-child relationships, peer relationships, and internet addiction（r）

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
xdbar（）家庭体育行为环境父子关系同伴关系网络成瘾
家庭体育行为环境3.04±0.851
父子关系3.23±1.010.513**1
同伴关系43.86±9.120.339**0.329**1
网络成瘾2.52±2.86-0.363**-0.409**-0.207**1
), ArticleFig(id=1322608062096069154, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608052176540117, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

家庭体育行为环境与父子关系、同伴关系和网络成瘾的相关性分析（r）

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
xdbar（）家庭体育行为环境父子关系同伴关系网络成瘾
家庭体育行为环境3.04±0.851
父子关系3.23±1.010.513**1
同伴关系43.86±9.120.339**0.329**1
网络成瘾2.52±2.86-0.363**-0.409**-0.207**1
), ArticleFig(id=1322608062184149539, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608052176540117, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Correlation analysis of family sports behavior environment with mother-child relationships, peer relationships, and internet addiction（r）

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
xdbar（）家庭体育行为环境母子关系同伴关系网络成瘾
家庭体育行为环境3.04±0.851
母子关系3.53±0.960.455**1
同伴关系43.86±9.120.339**0.401**1
网络成瘾2.52±2.86-0.363**-0.428**-0.207**1
), ArticleFig(id=1322608062247064100, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608052176540117, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

家庭体育行为环境与母子关系、同伴关系和网络成瘾的相关性分析（r）

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
xdbar（）家庭体育行为环境母子关系同伴关系网络成瘾
家庭体育行为环境3.04±0.851
母子关系3.53±0.960.455**1
同伴关系43.86±9.120.339**0.401**1
网络成瘾2.52±2.86-0.363**-0.428**-0.207**1
), ArticleFig(id=1322608062309978661, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608052176540117, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Analysis of the mediating effect of parent-child and peer relationships between family sports behavior environment and internet addiction: standardized regression coefficients

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
效应类型中介路径95% CI效应值效应量(%)
直接效应X→Y（父）-0.91～-0.44-0.670***54.7
X→Y（母）-0.94～-0.50-0.714**58.4
X→M1.1→Y（父）-0.65～-0.37-0.300***24.9
X→M1.2→Y（母）-0.45～-0.19-0.306**25.0
中介效应X→M2→Y（父）-0.27～-0.11-0.140***11.4
X→M2→Y（母）-0.25～-0.07-0.102**8.3
X→M1.1→M2→Y（父）-0.23～ -0.07-0.110***9.0
X→M1.2→M2→Y（母）-0.21～-0.04-0.101**8.3
总中介效应（父）-0.71～-0.41-0.55045.3
（母）-0.65～-0.38-0.50841.6
总效应（父）-1.43～ -1.02-1.220100
（母）-1.43～-1.02-1.223100
), ArticleFig(id=1322608062385476134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322608052176540117, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

亲子关系和同伴关系在家庭体育行为环境和网络成瘾之间的中介效应分析（标准化回归系数）

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
效应类型中介路径95% CI效应值效应量(%)
直接效应X→Y（父）-0.91～-0.44-0.670***54.7
X→Y（母）-0.94～-0.50-0.714**58.4
X→M1.1→Y（父）-0.65～-0.37-0.300***24.9
X→M1.2→Y（母）-0.45～-0.19-0.306**25.0
中介效应X→M2→Y（父）-0.27～-0.11-0.140***11.4
X→M2→Y（母）-0.25～-0.07-0.102**8.3
X→M1.1→M2→Y（父）-0.23～ -0.07-0.110***9.0
X→M1.2→M2→Y（母）-0.21～-0.04-0.101**8.3
总中介效应（父）-0.71～-0.41-0.55045.3
（母）-0.65～-0.38-0.50841.6
总效应（父）-1.43～ -1.02-1.220100
（母）-1.43～-1.02-1.223100
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家庭体育行为环境对青少年网络成瘾的影响机制研究
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王静松 , 王深
现代预防医学 | 儿少卫生与妇幼保健 2025,52(21): 3957-3962
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现代预防医学 |儿少卫生与妇幼保健 2025 , 52 (21) : 3957 -3962
家庭体育行为环境对青少年网络成瘾的影响机制研究
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王静松, 王深
作者信息
  • 福建师范大学体育科学学院，福建　福州　350000
通讯作者:
王深，E-mail：
作者简介:

王静松（1994—），男，博士在读，研究方向：运动心理学

Mechanism of the influence of family sports behavior environment on adolescent internet addiction
Jing-song WANG, Shen WANG
Affiliations
  • School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350000, China
出版时间: 2025-11-10 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202505120
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摘要
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目的

探讨家庭体育行为环境对青少年网络成瘾行为的影响，并以人际关系层面为切入口探究亲子关系与同伴关系在其中的作用。

方法

采用方便抽样法对909名初中生进行家庭体育行为环境量表、10条目网络成瘾量表、亲子亲密度量表、儿童青少年同伴关系量表测评。

结果

链式中介效应分析显示，亲子关系与同伴关系分别在家庭体育行为环境和网络成瘾之间起中介作用，父子关系中三条路径的中介效应分别占总效应的24.9%、11.4%、9%；母子关系中三条路径的中介效应分别占总效应的25%、8.3%、8.3%。

结论

家庭体育行为环境能够直接预测初中生网络成瘾的程度，同时家庭体育行为环境能够通过亲子关系和同伴关系的链式中介作用间接影响初中生的网络成瘾行为。

家庭体育行为环境  /  网络成瘾  /  父子关系  /  母子关系  /  同伴关系
Objective

To explore the influence of family sports behavior environment on adolescent internet addiction behavior, and to explore the role of parent-child and peer relationships at the interpersonal relationship level.

Methods

Convenience sampling was used to survey 909 junior high school students using the Family Sports Behavior Environment Scale, 10 item Internet Addiction Scale, Parent-Child Intimacy Scale, and Children and Adolescents Peer Relationship Scale.

Results

The chain mediation effect analysis showed that parent-child relationship and peer relationship played a mediating role between family sports behavior environment and internet addiction, respectively. The mediating effects of the three paths in the father-child relationship accounted for 24.9%, 11.4%, and 9% of the total effect, respectively. The mediating effects of the three paths in the mother-child relationship accounted for 25%, 8.3%, and 8.3% of the total effect, respectively.

Conclusion

Family sports behavior environment can directly predict the degree of internet addiction among junior high school students, and at the same time, family sports behavior environment can indirectly influence the internet addiction behavior of junior high school students through the chain mediation effect of parent-child and peer relationships.

Family sports behavior environment  /  Internet addiction  /  Father-child relationship  /  Mother-child relationship  /  Peer relationship
王静松, 王深. 家庭体育行为环境对青少年网络成瘾的影响机制研究. 现代预防医学, 2025 , 52 (21) : 3957 -3962 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202505120
Jing-song WANG, Shen WANG. Mechanism of the influence of family sports behavior environment on adolescent internet addiction[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2025 , 52 (21) : 3957 -3962 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202505120
正文
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根据中国青少年网络协会第四次网络成瘾调查显示，我国青少年网民中网络成瘾者约占9.72%[1]，这一居高不下的成瘾率已引起社会公众的广泛关注。网络成瘾指的是个体在无外界成瘾物质影响下，难以对自己的上网行为进行控制，并由沉迷网络而导致个体生理和心理社会功能损伤的状态[2]。这在一定程度上严重危害了青少年的心理健康、情绪健康和人格发育[3-4]，因此有针对性的分析青少年网络成瘾的影响因素并探讨其预防和治疗措施具有重要的实践意义。
生态系统理论强调家庭是青少年社会化发展的核心微环境[5]。家庭体育作为家庭功能的重要组成部分，对培养青少年锻炼行为和促成终身体育具有先行意义[6]，并为增进亲子关系搭建桥梁。基于体育锻炼改善网络成瘾的实证基础[7]，家庭体育能够通过家庭成员集体参与运动来增强体魄、改善家庭和社会功能、提升人际交往能力[8]，在消除焦虑抑郁等消极情绪的同时减少网络使用频率[9]。基于此，本研究以家庭体育行为环境（父母对体育活动的支持和限制以及亲子运动的互动形式）作为家庭体育的观测指标，提出本研究的假设H1：家庭体育行为环境与网络成瘾呈显著负相关。
亲子关系作为青少年最早建立的亲密关系，能够显著预测网络成瘾严重程度[10]。不良亲子关系导致青少年情感需求缺失，继而转向网络使用寻求代偿[10]。家庭体育行为环境通过提供鼓励支持与父母榜样[11]，成为构建良好亲子关系（增强情感联结与问题解决导向[12]）的关键载体。由此提出假设H2：亲子关系在家庭体育行为环境与网络成瘾间起中介作用。
学校是仅次于家庭的微系统，同伴关系因而成为青少年的主要人际关系。消极同伴关系（如被拒绝）易使青少年转向网络使用逃避[13]，同时同伴的网络沉迷行为也增加了青少年的模仿风险[14]。体育锻炼能够通过提升自尊和自我效能感来增强人际交往能力[15]，同时有研究显示同伴关系质量良好者也更倾向参与锻炼[16]。基于此，提出假设H3：同伴关系在家庭体育行为环境与网络成瘾中起中介作用。
亲子关系是同伴关系发展的基础，二者协同缓冲青少年心理行为问题[17]。袁媛[17]学者在研究中指出良好亲子关系能够满足青少年心理需求并将积极的情感联结泛化到同伴关系，但家庭体育行为环境是否能通过直接增强亲子关系，提高社会适应继而降低网络成瘾则不得而知。因此，本研究提出假设H4：亲子关系和同伴关系在家庭体育行为环境和网络成瘾之间起链式中介作用。本研究的假设模型如图1所示。
1　对象与方法
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1.1　研究对象
本研究采用方便抽样法对福州市1 097名初中生进行施测，采集过程于2024年6月开始，在福建省福州市选取4所位于不同行政区域的中学（福州第三中学、福州第十八中学、清华大学附属中学福州学校、福州三牧中学），在每所学校的七、八、九年级各随机选取1～2个常规教学班级。在获得福建师范大学伦理委员会批准（FNV-2025004）及家长和学生书面知情同意后，利用自习课和班会时间，由经培训的研究人员或班主任组织学生进行集中现场纸质问卷填写，强调匿名、保密及自愿原则，填写完毕后当场回收。
1.2　研究方法
1.2.1　测量工具
1.2.1.1　基本情况调查问卷
采用自编的《基本情况调查问卷》用于调查受试者的基本情况，主要包括学生姓名、年级班级、性别、身高、体重、父母文化程度、出生排行、留守情况等。
1.2.1.2　家庭体育行为环境量表
该量表由阳家鹏修订[11]，由于本研究主要调查亲子关系，因此主要节选该问卷中与亲子关系相关的维度：父母监控、父母参与、父母鼓励。3个维度共包括9各项目，分别为：父母监控3个项目；父母参与3个项目；父母鼓励3个项目。该量表为李克特五级量表，每个题项（1=很不同意～5=很同意）按照1～5计分。本研究对该量表进行信效度检验，克隆巴赫系数为0.909，KMO值为0.898，大于0.7，且 Bartlett 球形检验值（P<0.001）显著，3个维度旋转载荷平方和累积达到 79.70%，大于50%，说明《家庭体育行为环境量表》所筛选的题目用三个维度（父母监控、父母参与、父母鼓励）来测量同样具有良好的效度。
1.2.1.3　10条目网络成瘾量表
调查采用Young编制的10条目网络成瘾量表[18]，该量表的中文版在中国青少年群体已确认具有良好的信效度[19]。该量表共包含10个网络成瘾症状, 被试对象根据其网络使用情况回答“是”和“否”,其中“是”计1分,“否”计0分,共10个题目。以往的研究建议将4分作为该量表的临界值, 即得分等于或大于4分的个体被认为有网络成瘾。该量表的Cronbach α值为0.768。
1.2.1.4　亲子亲密度量表
采用Buchnan，Maccoby和Dornbush（1991）[20]编制的亲子亲密度量表，分别对父子和母子的关系进行评述，分为亲子亲密度量表（父亲）与亲子亲密度量表（母亲）两部分，每部分各9个项目，为单维度量表，该量表为李克特五级量表，每个题项（很不同意、不同意、一般、同意、很同意）按照1～5计分。本研究使用平均分来反映亲子关系，得分越高，表示青少年与父亲（或母亲）的关系越紧密。父子和母子亲密度量表的Cronbach α值分别为0.82和0.81。
1.2.1.5　儿童青少年同伴关系量表
本量表是郭伯良和张雷（2003）编制的《儿童青少年同伴关系量表》[21]，该量表不21分维度，共计 22 个条目，采用 4 点计分（1=不是这样，4=总是这样），总分为22～88分，内含反向计分题，总分越高代表被试的同伴关系越好。该量表的Cronbach α值为0.87。
1.2.2　数据分析
基本情况调查问卷数据采用频数和频率表示；采用内部一致性检验、Pearson相关性分析、回归分析、链式中介分析对有效数据进行分析处理；链式中介分析采用bootstrap法的Process插件进行统计分析，采用偏差校正百分位法bootstrap法，通过5 000次样本抽样估计中介效应95% CI。X=家庭体育行为环境，M1.1=父子关系，M1.2=母子关系，M2=心理健康，Y=网络成瘾。将有效问卷数据代入SPSS 22.0进行数据统计分析。检验水准α=0.05。
2　结果
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2.1　基本情况调查统计
对1 097名初中生进行基本情况调查，总共回收问卷974份，回收率为89%，其中有效问卷909份，有效率为93%。基本情况见表1。
2.2　共同方法偏差检验
Harmam单因子检验提取出12个特征根>1的因子，首因子解释率22.93%（<40%临界值），表明数据未受严重方法偏差影响。
2.3　各变量的描述性统计及相关性分析
909名青少年中网络成瘾检出率为26.3%（239人）。采用Pearson相关性分析对家庭体育行为环境、亲子关系、同伴关系、网络成瘾之间的关联性进行探讨。结果显示，家庭体育行为环境与父子关系、母子关系、同伴关系呈显著正相关，与网络成瘾呈显著负相关；父子关系、母子关系、同伴关系与网络成瘾呈显著负相关。同时，由于父子关系与母子关系相关性较高，存在多重共线性风险。因此在构建模型时进行分开建模。相关性分析结果见表2、3。
2.4　亲子关系、同伴关系在家庭体育行为环境与网络成瘾之间的链式中介效应检验
采用PROCESS宏程序中的Model 6对链式中介进行分析，通过bootstrap 5 000次重复抽样，并计算95% CI的中介作用，若区间内没有0，则代表中介变量的中介效应显著。
因父子关系与母子关系相关性较高r=0.688（P<0.01），存在多重共线性风险。因此在构建模型时进行分开建模。通过回归分析结果发现：X对M1.1（β=0.611，，t=17.98，R2=0.263，P<0.001）、M1.2（β=0.515，，t=15.36，R2=0.207，P<0.001）和M2（β=3.636，，t=10.84，R2=0.115，P<0.001）具有显著正向预测作用；M1.1对M2具有显著正向预测作用（β=2.963，，t=10.49，R2=0.108，P<0.001），M1.1对Y具有显著负向预测作用（β=-1.153，，t=-13.47，R2=0.167，P<0.001）；M1.2对M2具有显著正向预测作用（β=3.802，，t=13.19，R2=0.161，P<0.001），M1.2对Y具有显著负向预测作用（β=-1.272，，t=-14.26，R2=0.183，P<0.001）；M2对Y具有显著负向预测作用（β=-0.065，，t=-6.37，R2=0.043，P<0.001）；将亲子关系和同伴关系共同纳入回归方程后，X对Y具有显著负向预测作用（β=-1.223，，t=-11.74，R2=0.132，P<0.001）。见图2、3。
通过中介效应分析结果发现：M1.1和M2在X和Y之间起中介效应作用。其中中介效应总共包含三条间接路径：（1）通过“X→M1.1→Y”的途径产生间接效应；（2）通过“X→M2→Y”的途径产生间接效应；（3）通过“X→M1.1→M2→Y”的途径产生间接效应。中介效应值及95% CI见表4。基于表4数据显示，本研究在假设中提出的父子关系、同伴关系在家庭体育行为环境和网络成瘾之间的链式中介模型得到了验证。
通过中介效应分析结果发现：M1.2和M2在X和Y之间起中介效应作用。中介效应总共包含3条间接路径：（1）通过“X→M1.2→Y”的途径产生间接效应；（2）通过“X→M2→Y”的途径产生间接效应；（3）通过“X→M1.2→M2→Y”的途径产生间接效应。中介效应值及95% CI见表4。基于表4数据显示，本研究在假设中提出的母子关系、同伴关系在家庭体育行为环境和网络成瘾之间的链式中介模型得到了验证。
3　讨论
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本研究从人际关系层面（亲子关系和同伴关系）探讨了家庭体育行为环境对网络成瘾的作用机制。从结果显示来看，家庭体育行为环境不仅能够直接预测青少年网络成瘾行为的严重程度，同时家庭体育行为环境可以通过增强亲子关系，再经由增进同伴关系继而对青少年网络成瘾起到预防和改善的效果。
3.1　家庭体育行为环境可以预测网络成瘾严重程度
本研究发现家庭体育行为环境与青少年网络成瘾呈显著负相关，验证假设H1成立。体育锻炼已被证实具有良好的改善网络成瘾的功效[5]，同时团体训练的形式能够增强团队凝聚力并对网络成瘾具有良好的改善效果[22]。在此基础上，父母通过提供运动支持与鼓励，显著促进青少年身体活动水平提升，减少久坐及屏幕时间，转移网络使用注意力。这与其他学者关于家庭体育和网络成瘾之间的关联性研究具有相似的研究结果[23]。
3.2　亲子关系在家庭体育行为环境和网络成瘾之间的中介作用
本研究发现，良好的亲子关系不仅与积极的家庭体育行为环境紧密相连，更构成了抵御青少年网络成瘾的重要保护因素。通过回归与中介分析证实，积极的家庭体育环境不仅能显著提升父子和母子亲密度，且两类亲子关系均能有效降低网络成瘾风险，即亲子亲密度与网络成瘾呈剂量依赖性负相关，验证假设H2成立。该结果与刘芳梅关于“家庭体育-亲子关系-网络成瘾”链条的研究具有一致性[7]。其作用机制在于，父母通过鼓励支持增强青少年的运动自我效能感，促使其积极参与体育活动。同时家庭团体互动使得沟通无障碍[18]，既能调节情绪、舒缓压力、磨练意志，又通过时间替代效应减少上网时长，从而建立预防网络成瘾的双重防线。
3.3　同伴关系在家庭体育行为环境和网络成瘾之间的中介作用
通过Pearson相关性分析结果显示，同伴关系与家庭体育行为环境之间具有显著的正相关关系，与网络成瘾具有显著的负相关关系。后续进行回归分析和中介效应分析显示，家庭体育行为环境能够显著正向预测同伴关系，同时同伴关系均能够显著负向预测青少年网络成瘾的严重程度。即家庭体育行为环境越积极良好，同伴关系越好。同时同伴关系越好，青少年患网络成瘾的概率越低，这也验证了本研究提出的假设3。这可能是由于体育锻炼本身就具有提高青少年人际交往能力的良好功效[15]，在从事家庭体育的过程中，父母在一定程度上传授和培养孩子运动技能，其言语上沟通模式和情感上的支持鼓励都在潜移默化的影响着青少年与同伴的交往。良好的社会适应性在一定程度上降低了网络成瘾的程度，这与以往的研究具有相似的结果[17]。
3.4　亲子关系和同伴关系在家庭体育行为环境和网络成瘾之间起链式中介作用
本研究发现亲子关系与同伴关系存在显著正相关，且中介效应分析证实二者在家庭体育行为环境与网络成瘾间构成链式中介路径，验证假设H4成立。其作用机制在于：家庭体育互动中的情感交流不仅强化亲子联结，更通过关系模式迁移提升青少年同伴交往能力[17]，形成亲子关系改善→同伴关系优化→网络依赖降低的积极循环，使青少年在现实人际满足中减少虚拟逃避动机[7]。这与袁媛[17]关于亲子情感向同伴关系泛化的研究结论一致。本研究的创新性体现在：首次以家庭体育行为环境为自变量，从人际关系传导层面揭示网络成瘾的改善机制，突破了单一因素研究的局限，为开发通过亲子互动重建现实社交能力的干预模式提供了新路径，对青少年网络成瘾防治领域具有重要理论推进价值。
3.5　局限及未来设想
本研究存在一定的局限性，例如本研究样本量较小，未来加大样本量同时增加纵向研究以更全面的探讨和论证问题。同时，本研究的样本选取局限于中国福州，且仅采用了方便抽样法进行调查取样，可能在一定程度上限制了样本的代表性。未来可采用分层随机抽样等方法进一步提升样本的代表性，并加大样本的采集范围（各地区或性别）以增加对研究结果的佐证。
家庭体育行为环境能够直接预测初中生网络成瘾的程度，同时家庭体育行为环境能够通过亲子关系和同伴关系的链式中介作用间接影响初中生的网络成瘾行为。

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2025年第52卷第21期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202505120
  • 接收时间：2025-05-10
  • 首发时间：2026-10-29
  • 出版时间：2025-11-10
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  • 收稿日期：2025-05-10
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    福建师范大学体育科学学院，福建　福州　350000

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王深，E-mail：
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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