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Article(id=1322607985361276965, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1322607837742747790, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202506121, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1749312000000, receivedDateStr=2025-06-08, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793263916578, onlineDateStr=2026-10-29, pubDate=1761321600000, pubDateStr=2025-10-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793263916578, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-29, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793263916578, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793263916578, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322607837742747790, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2025', volume='52', issue='20', pageStart='3649', pageEnd='3840', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1761321600000', pubDateStr='2025-10-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793263881383, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793264238791, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322609336933794638, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1322607837742747790, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322609336933794639, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1322607837742747790, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=3807, endPage=3813, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322607985726181414, articleId=1322607985361276965, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Empirical study on regional disparities in National Immunization Program vaccination based on birth cohorts from eastern-western collaborative regions, 2017-2023, columnId=1228016573156360233, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Disease Control and Prevention, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To analyze the regional differences in the vaccination coverage of China’s National Immunization Program (NIP) between the eastern and western regions (Changxing Town in Shanghai and Gengma Town in Gengma County, Yunnan Province), to identify weak links in implementation, and to provide a basis for optimizing cross-regional public health collaboration.

Methods

Based on the National Immunization Program Vaccination Coverage Monitoring Plan (2023 edition), a retrospective cohort study was conducted to systematically analyze the vaccination data of children born between 2017 and 2023 in the two regions (Changxing Town, n=3 749; Gengma Town, n=5 456). Chi-square tests were used to compare differences in vaccination rates, full-course rates, compliance rates, and timeliness rates.

Results

Both regions achieved vaccination and compliance rates exceeding 90%. The full-course vaccination rate in Gengma Town (96.9%) was significantly higher than that in Changxing Town (94.2%, χ2=40.64, P<0.001). The impact of household registration type on full-course vaccination rates showed regional heterogeneity (Gengma Town OR=3.65; Changxing Town OR=1.89). The overall timeliness rate in Changxing Town was higher (92.5%-99.2%), but the timeliness rates for the first doses of measles and Japanese encephalitis vaccines among children born in 2018 and 2021 were significantly lower (P<0.001). In Gengma Town, delays in the primary immunization (DTaP1-3) and booster immunization (DTaP4) for diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis were prominent among children aged 5-7. The timeliness rates for DTaP1-3 and DTaP4 among children born in 2018 were only 41.1% and 50.2%, respectively.

Conclusion

Significant spatial heterogeneity exists in the implementation of the NIP between the eastern and western regions.

, authors=Tian-zhu ZHU1, Wei-cong CHEN2, Sha JIAO1, Yan-bin SHEN2, Li-bo SHI1, Xue-gui TIAN1, Hui-xiang SUN1, authorsList=Tian-zhu ZHU, Wei-cong CHEN, Sha JIAO, Yan-bin SHEN, Li-bo SHI, Xue-gui TIAN, Hui-xiang SUN, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Li-bo SHI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322607988376981547, articleId=1322607985361276965, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=CN, title=基于东西部协作地区出生队列的国家免疫规划疫苗接种区域差异实证研究, columnId=1228016573844226129, journalTitle=现代预防医学, columnName=疾病预防控制, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

分析中国东西部地区（上海市崇明区长兴镇与云南省耿马县耿马镇）国家免疫规划疫苗接种的区域差异特征，识别实施薄弱环节，为优化跨区域公卫协作提供依据。

方法

依据国家免疫规划疫苗接种率监测方案（2023年版），采用回顾性队列研究，系统分析两地2017—2023年出生儿童接种数据（长兴镇n=3 749，耿马镇n=5 456）。运用卡方检验比较接种率、全程率、规范率及及时率差异。

结果

两地接种率及规范率均超90%。耿马镇全程接种率（96.9%）显著高于长兴镇（94.2%，χ2=40.64，P<0.001）。户籍类型对全程接种率的影响存在区域异质性（耿马镇OR=3.65；长兴镇OR=1.89）。长兴镇及时率整体较高（92.5%~99.2%），但2018、2021年出生儿童的麻疹及乙脑首剂及时率显著偏低（P<0.001）。耿马镇5~7岁儿童百白破基础免疫（DTaP1~3）及加强免疫（DTaP4）延迟突出，2018年出生儿童DTaP1~3和DTaP4及时率分别仅为41.1%和50.2%。

结论

东西部免疫规划实施存在显著空间异质性。

, authors=朱田柱1, 陈卫聪2, 焦莎1, 沈彦斌2, 施利波1, 田学贵1, 孙慧响1, authorsList=朱田柱, 陈卫聪, 焦莎, 沈彦斌, 施利波, 田学贵, 孙慧响, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=施利波, authorNote=

朱田柱（1993—），男，硕士，主管医师，研究方向：免疫规划

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施利波，E-mail:
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Analysis of the current status and influencing factors of vaccine hesitancy among guardians of children in China’s National immunization program [J]. China Preventive Medicine, 2023, 24 (12): 1303-1308. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Analysis of the current status and influencing factors of vaccine hesitancy among guardians of children in China’s National immunization program, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322607999584161941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322607985361276965, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=9, issue=7, pageStart=683, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=34, authorNames=Uthman OA, Ndwandwe D, Uthman M, journalName=Vaccines（Basel）, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Uthman OA, Ndwandwe D, Uthman M, et al. Multilevel analysis of individual and contextual factors associated with polio Non-Vaccination in Africa: further analyses to enhance policy and opportunity to save more lives [J]. Vaccines（Basel）, 2021, 9 (7): 683., articleTitle=Multilevel analysis of individual and contextual factors associated with polio Non-Vaccination in Africa: further analyses to enhance policy and opportunity to save more lives, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1322607994467111022, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322607985361276965, awardId=CKY2023-50, language=CN, fundingSource=上海市崇明区科学技术委员会课题项目(CKY2023-50), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322607988670582830, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322607985361276965, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322607988683165743, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322607985361276965, companyId=1322607988670582830, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Changxing Town Community Health Service Center, Chongming District, Shanghai 201913, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322607988691554352, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322607985361276965, companyId=1322607988670582830, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.上海市崇明区长兴镇社区卫生服务中心，上海　201913)]), AuthorCompany(id=1322607988750274609, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322607985361276965, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322607988758663218, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322607985361276965, companyId=1322607988750274609, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.云南省临沧市耿马傣族佤族自治县中医医院)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1322607993036853346, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322607985361276965, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Changes in timely vaccination rates for various NIP vaccines by birth cohort among Children in Changxing Town, figureFileSmall=f4YSuhPfmbjQPwNRDrD1hQ==, figureFileBig=CDuM6Zo5Ln3nXafdSIiYrg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322607993124933731, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322607985361276965, language=CN, label=图1, caption=长兴镇儿童各NIP疫苗不同出生队列及时接种率变化, figureFileSmall=f4YSuhPfmbjQPwNRDrD1hQ==, figureFileBig=CDuM6Zo5Ln3nXafdSIiYrg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322607993359814756, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322607985361276965, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Changes in timely vaccination rates for various NIP vaccines by birth cohort among children in Gengma Town, figureFileSmall=gC/llw2glWg6ujyfb1dsMg==, figureFileBig=4u+s7LoWE3TGHh3YD+GySw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322607993468866661, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322607985361276965, language=CN, label=图2, caption=耿马镇儿童各NIP疫苗不同出生队列及时接种率变化, figureFileSmall=gC/llw2glWg6ujyfb1dsMg==, figureFileBig=4u+s7LoWE3TGHh3YD+GySw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322607993527586918, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322607985361276965, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Demographic characteristics of birth cohort children in two regions (2017—2023)n(%)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
人口特征崇明长兴（n=3 749）临沧耿马（n=5 456）总计（n=9 205）χ2P
出生队列43.14<0.001
1岁组502(13.4)586(10.7)1 088(11.8)
2岁组532(14.2)627(11.5)1 159(12.6)
3岁组465(12.4)688(12.6)1 153(12.5)
4岁组490(13.1)729(13.4)1 219(13.2)
5岁组585(15.6)806(14.8)1 391(15.1)
6岁组585(15.6)930(17.0)1 515(16.5)
7岁组590(15.7)1 090(20.0)1 680(18.3)
性别0.000 80.977
男童1 951(52.0)2 841(52.1)4 792(52.1)
女童1 798(48.0)2 615(47.9)4 413(47.9)
户籍类型450.49<0.001
本地856(22.8)4 968(91.1)5 824(63.3)
外来2 893(77.2)488(8.9)3 381(36.7)
), ArticleFig(id=1322607993624055911, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322607985361276965, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

两地区2017—2023年出生队列儿童人口学特征n(%)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
人口特征崇明长兴（n=3 749）临沧耿马（n=5 456）总计（n=9 205）χ2P
出生队列43.14<0.001
1岁组502(13.4)586(10.7)1 088(11.8)
2岁组532(14.2)627(11.5)1 159(12.6)
3岁组465(12.4)688(12.6)1 153(12.5)
4岁组490(13.1)729(13.4)1 219(13.2)
5岁组585(15.6)806(14.8)1 391(15.1)
6岁组585(15.6)930(17.0)1 515(16.5)
7岁组590(15.7)1 090(20.0)1 680(18.3)
性别0.000 80.977
男童1 951(52.0)2 841(52.1)4 792(52.1)
女童1 798(48.0)2 615(47.9)4 413(47.9)
户籍类型450.49<0.001
本地856(22.8)4 968(91.1)5 824(63.3)
外来2 893(77.2)488(8.9)3 381(36.7)
), ArticleFig(id=1322607993703747688, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322607985361276965, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

NIP vaccination rate of birth cohort children in Changxing town (2017-2023)(n%)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
疫苗剂次1岁组（n=502）2岁组（n=532）3岁组（n=465）4岁组（n=490）5岁组（n=585）6岁组（n=585）7岁组（n=590）
BCG488(97.2)523(98.3)460(98.9)483(98.6)583(99.7)578(98.8)575(97.5)
HepB1502(100.0)532(100.0)465(100.0)490(100.0)585(100.0)585(100.0)590(100.0)
HepB2502(100.0)532(100.0)465(100.0)490(100.0)585(100.0)585(100.0)590(100.0)
HepB3497(99.0)532(100.0)464(99.8)490(100.0)585(100.0)585(100.0)588(99.7)
PV1502(100.0)532(100.0)465(100.0)490(100.0)585(100.0)585(100.0)590(100.0)
PV2500(99.6)532(100.0)465(100.0)490(100.0)585(100.0)585(100.0)590(100.0)
PV3496(98.8)532(100.0)464(99.8)490(100.0)585(100.0)585(100.0)590(100.0)
DTaP1502(100.0)532(100.0)465(100.0)490(100.0)585(100.0)585(100.0)590(100.0)
DTaP2498(99.2)532(100.0)464(99.8)490(100.0)585(100.0)585(100.0)590(100.0)
DTaP3492(98.0)532(100.0)463(99.6)490(100.0)585(100.0)585(100.0)590(100.0)
DTaP4-514(96.6)460(98.9)489(99.8)585(100.0)583(99.7)589(99.8)
DT------583(98.8)
MCV1495(98.6)530(99.6)465(100.0)490(100.0)585(100.0)585(100.0)590(100.0)
MCV2-519(97.6)462(99.4)490(100.0)585(100.0)585(100.0)589(99.8)
MPSV-A1499(99.4)531(99.8)462(99.4)487(99.4)584(99.8)584(99.8)588(99.7)
MPSV-A2469(93.4)528(99.2)459(98.7)482(98.4)576(98.5)577(98.6)588(99.7)
MPSV-AC1---486(99.2)582(99.5)583(99.7)588(99.7)
MPSV-AC2------560(94.9)
JEV1493(98.2)530(99.6)462(99.4)490(100.0)585(100.0)585(100.0)590(100.0)
JEV2--452(97.2)489(99.8)582(99.5)580(99.1)590(100.0)
HepA1-515(96.8)463(99.6)489(99.8)585(100.0)584(99.8)590(100.0)
), ArticleFig(id=1322607993783439465, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322607985361276965, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

长兴镇2017—2023年出生队列儿童NIP疫苗接种率（n%）

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
疫苗剂次1岁组（n=502）2岁组（n=532）3岁组（n=465）4岁组（n=490）5岁组（n=585）6岁组（n=585）7岁组（n=590）
BCG488(97.2)523(98.3)460(98.9)483(98.6)583(99.7)578(98.8)575(97.5)
HepB1502(100.0)532(100.0)465(100.0)490(100.0)585(100.0)585(100.0)590(100.0)
HepB2502(100.0)532(100.0)465(100.0)490(100.0)585(100.0)585(100.0)590(100.0)
HepB3497(99.0)532(100.0)464(99.8)490(100.0)585(100.0)585(100.0)588(99.7)
PV1502(100.0)532(100.0)465(100.0)490(100.0)585(100.0)585(100.0)590(100.0)
PV2500(99.6)532(100.0)465(100.0)490(100.0)585(100.0)585(100.0)590(100.0)
PV3496(98.8)532(100.0)464(99.8)490(100.0)585(100.0)585(100.0)590(100.0)
DTaP1502(100.0)532(100.0)465(100.0)490(100.0)585(100.0)585(100.0)590(100.0)
DTaP2498(99.2)532(100.0)464(99.8)490(100.0)585(100.0)585(100.0)590(100.0)
DTaP3492(98.0)532(100.0)463(99.6)490(100.0)585(100.0)585(100.0)590(100.0)
DTaP4-514(96.6)460(98.9)489(99.8)585(100.0)583(99.7)589(99.8)
DT------583(98.8)
MCV1495(98.6)530(99.6)465(100.0)490(100.0)585(100.0)585(100.0)590(100.0)
MCV2-519(97.6)462(99.4)490(100.0)585(100.0)585(100.0)589(99.8)
MPSV-A1499(99.4)531(99.8)462(99.4)487(99.4)584(99.8)584(99.8)588(99.7)
MPSV-A2469(93.4)528(99.2)459(98.7)482(98.4)576(98.5)577(98.6)588(99.7)
MPSV-AC1---486(99.2)582(99.5)583(99.7)588(99.7)
MPSV-AC2------560(94.9)
JEV1493(98.2)530(99.6)462(99.4)490(100.0)585(100.0)585(100.0)590(100.0)
JEV2--452(97.2)489(99.8)582(99.5)580(99.1)590(100.0)
HepA1-515(96.8)463(99.6)489(99.8)585(100.0)584(99.8)590(100.0)
), ArticleFig(id=1322607994056069226, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322607985361276965, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

NIP vaccination rate of birth cohort children in Gengma town (2017—2023)(n%)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
疫苗剂次1岁组（n=586）2岁组（n=627）3岁组（n=688）4岁组（n=729）5岁组（n=806）6岁组（n=930）7岁组（n=1 090）
BCG586(100.0)627(100.0)687(99.9)729(100.0)805(99.9)910(97.8)1 081(99.2)
HepB1586(100.0)627(100.0)688(100.0)729(100.0)806(100.0)930(100.0)1 090(100.0)
HepB2585(99.8)627(100.0)688(100.0)729(100.0)806(100.0)929(99.9)1 090(100.0)
HepB3581(99.1)627(100.0)688(100.0)727(99.7)806(100.0)929(99.9)1 089(99.9)
PV1585(99.8)627(100.0)688(100.0)729(100.0)806(100.0)930(100.0)1 090(100.0)
PV2583(99.5)627(100.0)688(100.0)728(99.9)806(100.0)930(100.0)1 090(100.0)
PV3583(99.5)627(100.0)688(100.0)729(100.0)806(100.0)930(100.0)1 090(100.0)
DTaP1584(99.7)627(100.0)688(100.0)729(100.0)806(100.0)930(100.0)1 090(100.0)
DTaP2582(99.3)627(100.0)688(100.0)729(100.0)806(100.0)929(99.9)1 090(100.0)
DTaP3575(98.1)625(99.7)688(100.0)729(100.0)806(100.0)929(99.9)1 090(100.0)
DTaP4-613(97.8)687(99.9)727(99.7)806(100.0)926(99.6)1 085(99.5)
DT------1 077(98.8)
MCV1582(99.3)627(100.0)688(100.0)729(100.0)806(100.0)930(100.0)1 088(99.8)
MCV2-627(100.0)688(100.0)729(100.0)806(100.0)930(100.0)1 087(99.7)
MPSV-A1586(100.0)625(99.7)688(100.0)728(99.9)806(100.0)924(99.4)1 088(99.8)
MPSV-A2570(97.3)623(99.4)688(100.0)727(99.7)798(99.0)913(98.2)1 075(98.6)
MPSV-AC1---726(99.6)806(100.0)930(100.0)1 090(100.0)
MPSV-AC2------1 045(95.9)
JEV1582(99.3)627(100.0)688(100.0)729(100.0)806(100.0)930(100.0)1 090(100.0)
JEV2--686(99.7)728(99.9)803(99.6)927(99.7)1 088(99.8)
HepA1-626(99.8)688(100.0)729(100.0)806(100.0)929(99.9)1 089(99.9)
), ArticleFig(id=1322607994177704043, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322607985361276965, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

耿马镇2017—2023年出生队列儿童NIP疫苗接种率(n%)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
疫苗剂次1岁组（n=586）2岁组（n=627）3岁组（n=688）4岁组（n=729）5岁组（n=806）6岁组（n=930）7岁组（n=1 090）
BCG586(100.0)627(100.0)687(99.9)729(100.0)805(99.9)910(97.8)1 081(99.2)
HepB1586(100.0)627(100.0)688(100.0)729(100.0)806(100.0)930(100.0)1 090(100.0)
HepB2585(99.8)627(100.0)688(100.0)729(100.0)806(100.0)929(99.9)1 090(100.0)
HepB3581(99.1)627(100.0)688(100.0)727(99.7)806(100.0)929(99.9)1 089(99.9)
PV1585(99.8)627(100.0)688(100.0)729(100.0)806(100.0)930(100.0)1 090(100.0)
PV2583(99.5)627(100.0)688(100.0)728(99.9)806(100.0)930(100.0)1 090(100.0)
PV3583(99.5)627(100.0)688(100.0)729(100.0)806(100.0)930(100.0)1 090(100.0)
DTaP1584(99.7)627(100.0)688(100.0)729(100.0)806(100.0)930(100.0)1 090(100.0)
DTaP2582(99.3)627(100.0)688(100.0)729(100.0)806(100.0)929(99.9)1 090(100.0)
DTaP3575(98.1)625(99.7)688(100.0)729(100.0)806(100.0)929(99.9)1 090(100.0)
DTaP4-613(97.8)687(99.9)727(99.7)806(100.0)926(99.6)1 085(99.5)
DT------1 077(98.8)
MCV1582(99.3)627(100.0)688(100.0)729(100.0)806(100.0)930(100.0)1 088(99.8)
MCV2-627(100.0)688(100.0)729(100.0)806(100.0)930(100.0)1 087(99.7)
MPSV-A1586(100.0)625(99.7)688(100.0)728(99.9)806(100.0)924(99.4)1 088(99.8)
MPSV-A2570(97.3)623(99.4)688(100.0)727(99.7)798(99.0)913(98.2)1 075(98.6)
MPSV-AC1---726(99.6)806(100.0)930(100.0)1 090(100.0)
MPSV-AC2------1 045(95.9)
JEV1582(99.3)627(100.0)688(100.0)729(100.0)806(100.0)930(100.0)1 090(100.0)
JEV2--686(99.7)728(99.9)803(99.6)927(99.7)1 088(99.8)
HepA1-626(99.8)688(100.0)729(100.0)806(100.0)929(99.9)1 089(99.9)
), ArticleFig(id=1322607994261590124, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322607985361276965, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Comparison of full-course vaccination rates for birth cohort children in two regions (2017—2023)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
地区出生队列所有类型儿童户籍类型
户籍儿童外来儿童
样本例数接种人数（接种率,%）样本例数接种人数（接种率,%）样本例数接种人数（接种率,%）
长兴1岁组502453(90.2)7976(96.2)423377(89.1)
2岁组532502(94.4)10499(95.2)428403(94.2)
3岁组465443(95.3)7574(98.7)390369(94.6)
4岁组490471(96.1)109105(96.3)381366(96.1)
5岁组585562(96.1)180178(98.9)405384(94.8)
6岁组585562(96.1)155152(98.1)430410(95.3)
7岁组590540(91.5)154142(92.2)436398(91.3)
合计3 7493 533(94.2)856826(96.5)2 8932 707(93.6)
χ234.1210.41
P<0.0010.001
耿马1岁组586566(96.6)554536(96.8)3230(93.8)
2岁组627613(97.8)588574(97.6)3939(100)
3岁组688685(99.6)638636(99.7)5049(98.0)
4岁组729723(99.2)672668(99.4)5755(96.5)
5岁组806792(98.3)748737(98.5)5855(94.8)
6岁组930894(96.1)856825(96.4)7469(93.2)
7岁组1 0901 016(93.2)912867(95.1)178149(83.7)
合计5 4565 289(96.9)4 9684 843(97.5)488446(91.4)
χ287.8355.55
P<0.001<0.001
地区出生队列性别
男童女童
样本例数接种人数（接种率,%）样本例数接种人数（接种率,%）
长兴1岁组258228(88.4)244225(92.2)
2岁组286268(93.7)246234(95.1)
3岁组236224(94.9)229219(95.6)
4岁组261253(96.9)229218(95.2)
5岁组321306(95.3)264256(97.0)
6岁组315304(96.5)270258(95.6)
7岁组274249(90.9)316291(92.1)
合计1 9511 832(93.9)1 7981 701(94.6)
χ21.74
P0.19
耿马1岁组315305(96.8)271261(96.3)
2岁组338330(97.6)289283(97.9)
3岁组356356(100)332329(99.1)
4岁组392391(99.7)337332(98.5)
5岁组399393(98.5)407399(98.0)
6岁组481461(95.8)449433(96.4)
7岁组560519(92.7)530497(93.8)
合计2 8412 755(97.0)2 6152 534(96.9)
χ20.02
P0.88
), ArticleFig(id=1322607994345476205, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322607985361276965, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

两地区2017—2023年出生队列儿童全程接种率比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
地区出生队列所有类型儿童户籍类型
户籍儿童外来儿童
样本例数接种人数（接种率,%）样本例数接种人数（接种率,%）样本例数接种人数（接种率,%）
长兴1岁组502453(90.2)7976(96.2)423377(89.1)
2岁组532502(94.4)10499(95.2)428403(94.2)
3岁组465443(95.3)7574(98.7)390369(94.6)
4岁组490471(96.1)109105(96.3)381366(96.1)
5岁组585562(96.1)180178(98.9)405384(94.8)
6岁组585562(96.1)155152(98.1)430410(95.3)
7岁组590540(91.5)154142(92.2)436398(91.3)
合计3 7493 533(94.2)856826(96.5)2 8932 707(93.6)
χ234.1210.41
P<0.0010.001
耿马1岁组586566(96.6)554536(96.8)3230(93.8)
2岁组627613(97.8)588574(97.6)3939(100)
3岁组688685(99.6)638636(99.7)5049(98.0)
4岁组729723(99.2)672668(99.4)5755(96.5)
5岁组806792(98.3)748737(98.5)5855(94.8)
6岁组930894(96.1)856825(96.4)7469(93.2)
7岁组1 0901 016(93.2)912867(95.1)178149(83.7)
合计5 4565 289(96.9)4 9684 843(97.5)488446(91.4)
χ287.8355.55
P<0.001<0.001
地区出生队列性别
男童女童
样本例数接种人数（接种率,%）样本例数接种人数（接种率,%）
长兴1岁组258228(88.4)244225(92.2)
2岁组286268(93.7)246234(95.1)
3岁组236224(94.9)229219(95.6)
4岁组261253(96.9)229218(95.2)
5岁组321306(95.3)264256(97.0)
6岁组315304(96.5)270258(95.6)
7岁组274249(90.9)316291(92.1)
合计1 9511 832(93.9)1 7981 701(94.6)
χ21.74
P0.19
耿马1岁组315305(96.8)271261(96.3)
2岁组338330(97.6)289283(97.9)
3岁组356356(100)332329(99.1)
4岁组392391(99.7)337332(98.5)
5岁组399393(98.5)407399(98.0)
6岁组481461(95.8)449433(96.4)
7岁组560519(92.7)530497(93.8)
合计2 8412 755(97.0)2 6152 534(96.9)
χ20.02
P0.88
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朱田柱 1 , 陈卫聪 2 , 焦莎 1 , 沈彦斌 2 , 施利波 1 , 田学贵 1 , 孙慧响 1
现代预防医学 | 疾病预防控制 2025,52(20): 3807-3813
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现代预防医学 |疾病预防控制 2025 , 52 (20) : 3807 -3813
基于东西部协作地区出生队列的国家免疫规划疫苗接种区域差异实证研究
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朱田柱（1993—），男，硕士，主管医师，研究方向：免疫规划

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朱田柱1, 陈卫聪2, 焦莎1, 沈彦斌2, 施利波1 , 田学贵1, 孙慧响1
作者信息
  • 1.上海市崇明区长兴镇社区卫生服务中心，上海　201913
  • 2.云南省临沧市耿马傣族佤族自治县中医医院
通讯作者:
施利波，E-mail:
作者简介:

朱田柱（1993—），男，硕士，主管医师，研究方向：免疫规划

Empirical study on regional disparities in National Immunization Program vaccination based on birth cohorts from eastern-western collaborative regions, 2017-2023
Tian-zhu ZHU1, Wei-cong CHEN2, Sha JIAO1, Yan-bin SHEN2, Li-bo SHI1 , Xue-gui TIAN1, Hui-xiang SUN1
Affiliations
  • Changxing Town Community Health Service Center, Chongming District, Shanghai 201913, China
出版时间: 2025-10-25 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202506121
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摘要
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目的

分析中国东西部地区（上海市崇明区长兴镇与云南省耿马县耿马镇）国家免疫规划疫苗接种的区域差异特征，识别实施薄弱环节，为优化跨区域公卫协作提供依据。

方法

依据国家免疫规划疫苗接种率监测方案（2023年版），采用回顾性队列研究，系统分析两地2017—2023年出生儿童接种数据（长兴镇n=3 749，耿马镇n=5 456）。运用卡方检验比较接种率、全程率、规范率及及时率差异。

结果

两地接种率及规范率均超90%。耿马镇全程接种率（96.9%）显著高于长兴镇（94.2%，χ2=40.64，P<0.001）。户籍类型对全程接种率的影响存在区域异质性（耿马镇OR=3.65；长兴镇OR=1.89）。长兴镇及时率整体较高（92.5%~99.2%），但2018、2021年出生儿童的麻疹及乙脑首剂及时率显著偏低（P<0.001）。耿马镇5~7岁儿童百白破基础免疫（DTaP1~3）及加强免疫（DTaP4）延迟突出，2018年出生儿童DTaP1~3和DTaP4及时率分别仅为41.1%和50.2%。

结论

东西部免疫规划实施存在显著空间异质性。

国家免疫规划  /  区域公卫协作  /  疫苗接种率  /  队列研究  /  及时率
Objective

To analyze the regional differences in the vaccination coverage of China’s National Immunization Program (NIP) between the eastern and western regions (Changxing Town in Shanghai and Gengma Town in Gengma County, Yunnan Province), to identify weak links in implementation, and to provide a basis for optimizing cross-regional public health collaboration.

Methods

Based on the National Immunization Program Vaccination Coverage Monitoring Plan (2023 edition), a retrospective cohort study was conducted to systematically analyze the vaccination data of children born between 2017 and 2023 in the two regions (Changxing Town, n=3 749; Gengma Town, n=5 456). Chi-square tests were used to compare differences in vaccination rates, full-course rates, compliance rates, and timeliness rates.

Results

Both regions achieved vaccination and compliance rates exceeding 90%. The full-course vaccination rate in Gengma Town (96.9%) was significantly higher than that in Changxing Town (94.2%, χ2=40.64, P<0.001). The impact of household registration type on full-course vaccination rates showed regional heterogeneity (Gengma Town OR=3.65; Changxing Town OR=1.89). The overall timeliness rate in Changxing Town was higher (92.5%-99.2%), but the timeliness rates for the first doses of measles and Japanese encephalitis vaccines among children born in 2018 and 2021 were significantly lower (P<0.001). In Gengma Town, delays in the primary immunization (DTaP1-3) and booster immunization (DTaP4) for diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis were prominent among children aged 5-7. The timeliness rates for DTaP1-3 and DTaP4 among children born in 2018 were only 41.1% and 50.2%, respectively.

Conclusion

Significant spatial heterogeneity exists in the implementation of the NIP between the eastern and western regions.

National Immunization Program  /  Regional public health collaboration  /  Vaccination coverage  /  Cohort  /  Timeliness rate
朱田柱, 陈卫聪, 焦莎, 沈彦斌, 施利波, 田学贵, 孙慧响. 基于东西部协作地区出生队列的国家免疫规划疫苗接种区域差异实证研究. 现代预防医学, 2025 , 52 (20) : 3807 -3813 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202506121
Tian-zhu ZHU, Wei-cong CHEN, Sha JIAO, Yan-bin SHEN, Li-bo SHI, Xue-gui TIAN, Hui-xiang SUN. Empirical study on regional disparities in National Immunization Program vaccination based on birth cohorts from eastern-western collaborative regions, 2017-2023[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2025 , 52 (20) : 3807 -3813 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202506121
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国家免疫规划（National Immunization Program, NIP）是中国防控疫苗可预防疾病的核心策略，显著提升了接种率并降低了相关疾病发病率[1]。在“健康中国2030”背景下，其公共卫生和健康公平作用日益重要[2]。然而，区域发展不平衡导致免疫服务呈现“东强西弱”格局[3]，流动及边远地区儿童接种延迟问题突出，制约了接种率与公平目标。现有研究常限于单一区域或静态覆盖分析，缺乏在国家东西部协作框架下对支援方与受援方进行跨区域、长周期、动态对比的实证研究，难以发现深层次的问题。以上海崇明区与云南临沧市的卫生健康对口协作为例：崇明区定期向临沧市派驻涵盖临床、护理、公卫、康复等多专业的支医团队，开展技术支援与能力建设。其中，针对基层预防接种领域的系统性帮扶在此类协作中尚属首次且少见。虽动态追踪出生队列是评估实施连续性的关键，但东西协作中免疫服务能力传递的效果、差异及演变规律研究不足，且多维接种指标（全程、规范、及时）缺乏系统整合与统一定义。本研究紧扣NIP监测核心目标，依托沪滇协作框架，选取支援方（上海崇明长兴镇）与受援方（云南耿马耿马镇），追踪分析2017—2023年出生队列疫苗接种数据，旨在：1）评价协作下工作进展与质量差异；2）揭示趋势，识别持续薄弱环节与目标人群；3）基于预防接种对口帮扶经验与数据对比，剖析政策落地阻滞因素及质量差异的深层矛盾，探讨对口帮扶重点及优化区域卫生健康协作策略。
1　材料与方法
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1.1　研究对象与资料来源
本研究采用回顾性队列设计，选取2017—2023年出生且2025年1月1日仍在上海、云南NIPIS系统登记的儿童为研究对象。数据来源于两地省级免疫规划信息系统，提取出生日期、性别、疫苗接种等核心字段，已去标识化处理。排除标准包括：（1）关键接种信息缺失；（2）两地区特定疫苗剂次（灰苗第4剂、甲肝第2剂）；（3）2025年后的接种记录，确保数据可比性和时点一致性。
1.2　研究内容与方法
本研究旨在系统比较上海市崇明区长兴镇与云南省耿马县耿马镇两地2017-2023年出生队列儿童的国家免疫规划疫苗（National Immunization Program Vaccines, NIPV）接种情况。重点分析的疫苗种类包括：乙型肝炎疫苗 (Hepatitis B Vaccine, HepB)、卡介苗 (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Vaccine, BCG)、脊髓灰质炎疫苗 (Poliomyelitis Vaccine, PV)、无细胞百白破疫苗 (Diphtheria, Tetanus and acellular Pertussis Combined Vaccine, DTaP)、白喉破伤风联合疫苗 (Diphtheria and Tetanus Combined Vaccine for Children, DT)、含麻疹成分疫苗 (Measles-containing Vaccine, MCV)、A群脑膜炎球菌多糖疫苗 (Group A Meningococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine, MPSV-A)、A群C群脑膜炎球菌多糖疫苗 (Group A and C Meningococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine, MPSV-AC)、乙型脑炎疫苗 (Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine, JEV) [包含减毒活疫苗(JEV-L)和灭活疫苗(JEV-I)]、甲型肝炎疫苗 (Hepatitis A Vaccine, HepA)。
1.3　评价指标和定义
依据中国疾控中心《国家免疫规划疫苗接种率监测方案（2023年版）》及附件定义评价指标：
1.3.1　出生队列接种率
统计时点（2025年1月1日0时）某出生队列中完成某疫苗特定剂次儿童的百分比。公式：特定剂次接种儿童数/适龄儿童数×100%。
1.3.2　出生队列全程接种率
统计时点某出生队列中按程序完成所有国家免疫规划疫苗规定剂次儿童的百分比（依附件8规定）。公式：全程接种儿童数 / 出生队列儿童数×100%。
1.3.3　出生队列规范接种率
统计时点某出生队列中依方案附件5要求完成某疫苗剂次规范接种儿童的百分比（指年龄、间隔、种类均合规）。公式：某剂次规范接种儿童数 / 出生队列儿童数×100%。
1.3.4　出生队列及时接种率
统计时点某出生队列中在推荐接种年龄前完成某疫苗剂次接种儿童的百分比（依附件5，忽略母亲HBsAg状态影响）。公式：推荐年龄前完成剂次儿童数 / 出生队列儿童数×100%。
1.4　统计学方法
使用 WPS Office 2023 和 Stata/SE 14.0 进行数据处理与统计分析。分类变量以 n (%) 表示。沪滇接种率比较用卡方/Fisher 精确检验并计算 OR (95% CI)；不同出生年份队列间比较用 Kruskal-Wallis H检验。年龄/月龄分别按365.5天/年、30.5天/月（含闰年校准）换算。所有检验均为双侧，检验水准α=0.05。
1.5　伦理
本研究依据中国国家卫生健康委员会、教育部、科学技术部等部门联合颁布的《涉及人的生命科学和医学研究伦理审查办法》（2023年），使用两社区日常工作收集的信息数据，不对人体造成伤害、不利用敏感个人信息或者涉及商业利益，所以不用进行伦理审查。
2　结果
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2.1　两地儿童基本特征
共纳入2017—2023年出生队列儿童9 205名（其中长兴镇3 749名，耿马镇5 456名）分析；两地性别比接近（长兴镇男∶女=1.09∶1，耿马镇男∶女=1.09∶1，χ2= 0.000 8，P= 0.977）；长兴镇外来儿童占比显著高于耿马镇（长兴镇77.2%，耿马镇8.9%，χ2=450.49，P<0.001）；长兴镇各出生队列的儿童数分布与耿马镇差异有统计学意义（χ2=43.14，P<0.001），耿马镇的出生队列儿童数随着年份呈下降趋势，耿马镇2017年到2023年出生队列人口下降了6.5%，各出生队列占比在10.7%~20.0%之间，而长兴镇各出生队列占比在12.4%~15.7%之间（表1）。
2.2　两地儿童NIP疫苗各出生队列接种率
截止2024年12月31日，长兴镇2017—2023年出生队列NIP疫苗接种率除1岁组MPSV-A第2剂次（93.4%）和7岁组MPSV-AC第2剂次（94.9%）低于95%，其余剂次接种率均在96%以上（表2）。而耿马镇各个出生队列各剂次NIP疫苗接种率均高于95%，且1岁组MPSV-A第2剂次（97.3%）和7岁组MPSV-AC第2剂次（95.9%）接种率与长兴镇同样相对其他出生队列疫苗剂次较低（表3）。
2.3　两地儿童NIP疫苗各出生队列全程接种率
按2017—2023年出生队列比较两地儿童全程接种率：耿马镇全程接种率（96.9%）显著高于长兴镇（94.2%）（P<0.001），两地男女童接种率均无显著差异。两地均表现为中间年龄组接种率高、两侧低（长兴镇4~6岁最高96.1%；耿马镇3岁最高99.6%），且组内差异显著（均P<0.001）。耿马镇外来儿童接种率（91.4%）显著低于户籍儿童（97.5%）（Δ=6.1%，P<0.001）。长兴镇差距较小（93.6% vs. 96.5%，Δ=2.9%，P=0.001）（表4）。
2.4　两地儿童NIP疫苗各出生队列规范接种率
分疫苗类型统计两地儿童各出生队列各疫苗剂次的规范接种率，暂不考虑PV4和JEV2规范接种率。结果显示，长兴镇和耿马镇各个疫苗剂次各出生队列规范接种率均在90%以上。长兴镇1岁年龄组MPSV-A2疫苗剂次和7岁年龄组MPSV-AC2、DT疫苗剂次规范接种率均低于95%，而耿马镇7岁年龄组MPSV-AC2、DT规范接种率同样低于95%，此外耿马镇5岁组和6岁组MPSV-AC1规范接种率均低于95%，6岁组DTaP4规范接种率低于95%。
2.5　两地儿童NIP疫苗各出生队列及时接种率
分疫苗类型统计两地儿童首针及后续剂次在推荐年龄范围内的及时接种比例，结果发现，长兴镇各个疫苗剂次各出生队列及时接种率均在91%以上，长兴镇不同出生队列儿童MCV、JEV和MPSV-AC首剂及时接种率差异有统计学意义，结合图1发现，长兴镇MCV首剂和JEV首剂在3岁组（94.8%，93.8%）和6岁组（95.4%，94.4%）年龄组及时接种率均显著低于其他年龄组（MCV1:χ2=15.60，P=0.016；JEV1:χ2=16.05，P=0.014），在4~7岁年龄组，随着出生队列的增加，MPSV-AC首剂及时接种率逐渐增加（图1）。
结合图2结果发现，耿马镇不同出生队列儿童除了HepB首剂外，多种疫苗及时接种率差异均有统计学意义（P<0.001），耿马镇本应在8月龄同时接种的MCV首剂和JEV首剂在3岁年龄组及时接种率分别为90.3%和94.5%，6岁组DTaP1~3、DTaP4、MCV1、HepA1及时接种率显著低于其他年龄组，及时接种率分别为41.1%、50.2%、77.2%和82.3%，7岁组DTaP4及时接种率仅有52.2%，5岁组MPSV-A1,2和DTaP4及时接种率也偏低，分别为66.5%、76.2%。
3　讨论
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本研究基于东西部对口协作框架下基层预防接种帮扶经验和数据对比，首次系统比较了长兴镇（东部沿海发达城市）与耿马镇（西部边疆少数民族地区）2017—2023年出生队列儿童的免疫规划疫苗接种率差异。结果显示，两地总接种全程接种率均超过90%，满足了《全球疫苗行动计划》和世卫组织《2030免疫议程》目标[4]，但特定疫苗剂次和年龄组存在显著分异，反映出区域发展、资源配置与卫生管理的差异影响。
研究发现，两地在1岁组MPSV-A2（A群流脑多糖疫苗第二剂）和7岁组MPSV-AC2（AC群流脑多糖疫苗第二剂）均出现接种低谷，与河南省研究结果一致[5]，揭示了明显的“年龄相关服务盲区”。分析表明，MPSV-A2处于基础向加强免疫过渡期，易因“接种疲劳”或流动（长兴镇流动人口占比77.2%）被忽视；推荐7岁前接种的MPSV-AC2及白破疫苗(DT)接种率偏低（<95%），与浦东新区[6]和新疆地区[7]的研究结果相似，暴露了卫生—教育系统入学查验协作漏洞[8]以及疫苗间隔时间有满3年的限制。耿马镇5~6岁组MPSV-AC1接种率略低（<95%）则可能与随迁进城或异地入园增加有关。为提升策略成本效用[9]，亟需加强协同与智能预警：(1)在免疫规划信息系统(NIPIS)中为MPSV关键剂次设置时效预警模块，定向推送提醒；(2)推动NIPIS与学籍系统对接，实现入学自动核查补种。
与“经济决定接种率”的传统观念相悖[10]，耿马镇全程接种率（96.9%）显著高于长兴镇（94.2%）。深入分析显示，这一“反超”源于人口结构和干预策略差异：耿马户籍儿童比例高（91.1%），基层可依托紧密村居可精准追踪；长兴外来儿童占比大（77.2%）[11]，高流动性极大增加了漏种风险，凸显国家级区域信息协同机制的紧迫性。流动儿童接种率普遍低于户籍儿童的核心症结在于“跨区域信息断层”与“基层追踪能力不足”[12]，亟需推动全国NIPIS数据实时联动，确保“一人一档”[13]。
耿马镇数据显示，其1~3岁组（2021—2023年出生）疫苗及时接种率多超90%，但4~7岁组关键剂次（如DTaP4、MCV2等）及时率急剧衰减，而全程接种率仍维持较高水平。此矛盾现象可能与2019年12月实施的《疫苗管理法》（法律第47条强制要求补种）对西部基层效率的影响相关。该法实施后（2020—2024年），补种机制以及云南省信息化建设支撑了全程率达标。具体剖析耿马镇及时接种率发现：其4~5岁组DTaP4在两周岁前接种延迟与美国队列相似，反映2020年新冠疫情影响[14]，北京的一项队列研究[15]和印度尼西亚研究[16]也印证了新冠疫情对接种率的影响。但其6~7岁组（2017—2018年出生）DTaP4在2周岁前及时率过低（约50%，远低于美国同队列）[17]，且6岁组DTaP1~3及时率仅41.1%，可能与2018年百白破疫苗事件在少数民族地区影响更甚相关[18]。DTaP及时率低下可能导致该群体抗体不足，成为百日咳传播“放大器”，这与云南边境散居儿童百日咳高发特征吻合[19]，凸显了及时接种的成本节省效益[20]。建议探索“血清学监测指导接种”模式优化高危疫苗（如DTaP）程序。此外，2020年出生儿童应在8月龄同时接种的MCV首剂和乙脑疫苗（JEV）首剂，在两地及时率亦有所不同，推测可能与同期（2020年6月1日）麻疹类疫苗策略调整及网络“苗王”（MMR）[21]不良反应信息引发的疫苗犹豫有关[22]，亟需加强舆情监管和科学宣教[2]。
本研究通过东西部协作地区对比揭示了免疫工作差异化特征，但也存在局限：1）依赖NIPIS在册数据，未纳入失管流动儿童，可能高估接种率；2）回顾性设计难以深挖接种不及时具体成因（如疫苗短缺、家长认知）；3）未定量区分《疫苗管理法》、疫情、疫苗事件各自影响。未来需结合混合方法（问卷、访谈）深挖行为学因素，前瞻性评估政策效果。
综上所述，东西部在免疫规划中展现互补性：耿马镇凭借基础覆盖和村居网络实现全程率反超，长兴镇则体现精细化管理的规范/及时率优势。破解区域差异需：利用智能化手段弥合年龄盲区；破除信息壁垒构建全国统一平台应对流动挑战；分离“及时接种”与“补种”指标以真实评估免疫质量；制定针对舆情和疫情的应急免疫预案与恢复计划[23]，确保持续性（尤其是少数民族边疆地区）。
基金
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  • 上海市崇明区科学技术委员会课题项目(CKY2023-50)
文献
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参考文献 引证文献
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2025年第52卷第20期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202506121
  • 接收时间：2025-06-08
  • 首发时间：2026-10-29
  • 出版时间：2025-10-25
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  • 收稿日期：2025-06-08
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上海市崇明区科学技术委员会课题项目(CKY2023-50)
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    1.上海市崇明区长兴镇社区卫生服务中心，上海　201913
    2.云南省临沧市耿马傣族佤族自治县中医医院

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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