Article(id=1311350625602986380, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1311350363295417204, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202512218, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1765468800000, receivedDateStr=2025-12-12, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1790579952859, onlineDateStr=2026-09-28, pubDate=1787587200000, pubDateStr=2026-08-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1790579952859, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-09-28, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1790579952859, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1790579952859, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1311350363295417204, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2026', volume='53', issue='16', pageStart='2881', pageEnd='3072', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1787587200000', pubDateStr='2026-08-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1790579890321, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1790584112451, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1311368072267653663, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1311350363295417204, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1311368072267653664, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1311350363295417204, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=3050, endPage=3055, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1311350625833673101, articleId=1311350625602986380, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Independent risk factors for early postoperative recurrence in patients with primary liver cancer under the one-stop integrated management mode from hepatopathy to liver cancer, columnId=1228016569138213037, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Clinical Medicine and Prevention, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To analyze the independent risk factors for early postoperative recurrence in patients with primary liver cancer under the one-stop integrated management mode from hepatopathy to liver cancer, and to provide basis for optimizing clinical diagnosis, treatment, and integrated management strategies.

Methods

From June 2023 to October 2023, 184 patients with primary liver cancer who treated in West China Hospital of Sichuan University and enrolled in the one-stop integrated management mode. All patients were followed up for 2 years after operation, and their early recurrence status was analyzed. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to estimate recurrence-free survival time and recurrence-free survival rates, with the Log-rank test employed for comparison. To identify independent risk factors, Cox proportional hazards regression was performed.

Results

The early recurrence rate was 40.76% among the 184 patients. Cox proportional hazards regression model analysis revealed that preoperative living alone for nearly one year (HR=3.661, 95%CI: 1.475-9.089), total hepatic portal occlusion time exceeding 15 minutes (HR=1.874, 95%CI: 1.047 -3.354), and positive microvascular invasion (HR=1.787, 95%CI: 1.011-3.158) were independent risk factors for early postoperative recurrence in patients with primary liver cancer.

Conclusion

Preoperative living alone for nearly one year, a total hepatic portal occlusion time exceeding 15 minutes, and positive microvascular invasion are independent risk factors for early postoperative recurrence in patients with primary liver cancer. Future integrated management from hepatopathy to liver cancer should prioritize these factors, implementing risk stratification and intensified management strategies to improve patient prognosis.

, authors=Jia-lin DING1, Kun-lin XIE2, Yong-zhao ZHOU1, Yi DENG1, Yun-shi CAI2, Ying DENG1, authorsList=Jia-lin DING, Kun-lin XIE, Yong-zhao ZHOU, Yi DENG, Yun-shi CAI, Ying DENG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Kun-lin XIE, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1311350626618007954, articleId=1311350625602986380, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=CN, title=一站式肝病-肝癌全程管理模式下原发性肝癌患者术后早期复发的独立危险因素分析, columnId=1228016570119680182, journalTitle=现代预防医学, columnName=临床与预防, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

分析一站式肝病-肝癌全程管理模式下原发性肝癌患者术后早期复发的独立危险因素,为临床诊疗及全程管理策略的优化提供依据。

方法

纳入2023年6月至10月四川大学华西医院收治且签约全程管理的原发性肝癌患者184例。术后随访2年,分析早期复发现况。采用Kaplan-Meier法估计无复发生存时间及无复发生存率,Log-rank法进行检验,Cox比例风险回归筛选独立危险因素。

结果

184例患者中,早期复发率为40.76%。Cox比例风险回归模型显示,术前近一年独居状态(HR=3.661,95%CI:1.475~9.089)、肝门总阻断时间>15 min(HR=1.874,95%CI:1.047~3.354)、微血管侵犯阳性(HR=1.787,95%CI:1.011~3.158)是术后早期复发的独立危险因素。

结论

术前近一年独居状态、肝门总阻断时间>15 min、微血管侵犯阳性是肝癌患者术后早期复发的独立危险因素,全程管理应予以重视并实施风险分层与强化管理,改善预后。

, authors=丁嘉琳1, 谢坤林2, 周永召1, 邓懿1, 蔡云石2, 邓颖1, authorsList=丁嘉琳, 谢坤林, 周永召, 邓懿, 蔡云石, 邓颖, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=谢坤林, authorNote=

丁嘉琳(1995—),女,硕士,研究实习员,研究方向:慢病全程管理、慢病专病数据库

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谢坤林,E-mail:
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丁嘉琳(1995—),女,硕士,研究实习员,研究方向:慢病全程管理、慢病专病数据库

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Chinese Journal of Bases and Clinics in General Surgery, 2023, 30(6): 653-659.(In Chinese), articleTitle=Whole process management of hepatocellular carcinoma patients with high-risk of recurrence and metastasis based on multidisciplinary team mode, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311350639083479531, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350625602986380, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=32, issue=14, pageStart=876, pageEnd=884, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=32, authorNames=王青青, 谢琴芬, 郑树森, journalName=中华肿瘤防治杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王青青,谢琴芬,郑树森.肝细胞癌根治性切除术后复发的预测因素[J].中华肿瘤防治杂志,2025,32(14):876-884., articleTitle=肝细胞癌根治性切除术后复发的预测因素, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311350639167365612, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350625602986380, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=32, issue=14, pageStart=876, pageEnd=884, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=33, authorNames=Wang QQ, Xie QF, Zheng SS, journalName=Chinese Journal of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang QQ, Xie QF, Zheng SS. Predictors of recurrence after curative resection of hepatocellular carcinoma[J]. Chinese Journal of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, 2025, 32(14): 876-884.(In Chinese), articleTitle=Predictors of recurrence after curative resection of hepatocellular carcinoma, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311350639284806125, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350625602986380, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=34, authorNames=杨崟, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=杨崟.肝细胞癌微血管侵犯术前列线图预测模型的构建与验证[D].长春:吉林大学,2025., articleTitle=肝细胞癌微血管侵犯术前列线图预测模型的构建与验证, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311350639356109294, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350625602986380, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=35, authorNames=Yang Y, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yang Y. Construction and verification of preoperative nomogram prediction model for microvascular invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma[D]. Changchun: Jilin University, 2025.(In Chinese), articleTitle=Construction and verification of preoperative nomogram prediction model for microvascular invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311350639435801071, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350625602986380, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=12, issue=2, pageStart=155, pageEnd=168, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=36, authorNames=Yan WT, Li C, Yao LQ, journalName=Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yan WT, Li C, Yao LQ, et al. Predictors and long-term prognosis of early and late recurrence for patients undergoing hepatic resection of hepatocellular carcinoma: a large-scale multicenter study[J]. Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition, 2023, 12(2): 155-168., articleTitle=Predictors and long-term prognosis of early and late recurrence for patients undergoing hepatic resection of hepatocellular carcinoma: a large-scale multicenter study, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1311350634016760266, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350625602986380, awardId=82303220, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(82303220), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1311350626995495315, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350625602986380, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311350627003883924, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350625602986380, companyId=1311350626995495315, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Integrated Care and Comorbidity Management Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311350627012272533, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350625602986380, companyId=1311350626995495315, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.四川大学华西医院全程与共病管理中心,四川 成都 610041)]), AuthorCompany(id=1311350627100352918, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350625602986380, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311350627226182039, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350625602986380, companyId=1311350627100352918, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.四川大学华西医院器官移植中心,肝移植中心)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1311350631483400640, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350625602986380, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Comparison of recurrence free survival time between negative and positive microvascular invasion, figureFileSmall=TGoglalNMeINDXyj7ko4Og==, figureFileBig=oEmAHARxihbPg9trak/V+A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311350631542120897, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350625602986380, language=CN, label=图1, caption=微血管侵犯阴性与阳性的无复发生存时间比较, figureFileSmall=TGoglalNMeINDXyj7ko4Og==, figureFileBig=oEmAHARxihbPg9trak/V+A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311350631714087362, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350625602986380, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Comparison of recurrence free survival time between living alone and living with family members, figureFileSmall=cGdhsyPdLv97ck4wTjG07Q==, figureFileBig=ofLtVheTF3GlhcYm5PDntA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311350631844110787, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350625602986380, language=CN, label=图2, caption=独居和与家人同住的无复发生存时间比较, figureFileSmall=cGdhsyPdLv97ck4wTjG07Q==, figureFileBig=ofLtVheTF3GlhcYm5PDntA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311350631923802564, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350625602986380, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Comparison of clinical data between the early non-recurrence group and the recurrence group after primary liver cancer surgery [n (%) ]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量分组调查人数
(n=184)
未复发组
(n=109)
复发组
(n=75)
χ2值P值
性别男158(85.87)92(58.2)66(41.8)0.4740.491
女26(14.13)17(65.4)9(34.6)
年龄(岁)≤4029(15.76)12(41.4)17(58.6)4.5480.033
>40155(84.24)97(62.6)58(37.4)
学历大专及本科以上56(30.43)35(62.5)21(37.5)0.3540.552
高中及中专以下128(69.57)74(57.8)54(42.2)
家庭月人均收入(元)<3 00061(33.15)31(50.8)30(49.2)2.6790.102
≥3 000123(66.85)78(63.4)45(36.6)
近一年居住状态独居11(5.98)4(36.4)7(63.6)-a0.126a
与家人同住173(94.02)105(60.7)68(39.3)
饮酒史无100(54.35)59(59.0)41(41.0)0.0050.943
有84(45.65)50(59.5)34(40.5)
吸烟史无81(44.02)48(59.3)33(40.7)0.0000.996
有103(55.98)61(59.2)42(40.8)
乙肝无17(9.24)11(64.7)6(35.3)0.2320.630
有167(90.76)98(58.7)69(41.3)
肝硬化有149(80.98)87(58.4)62(41.6)0.2340.628
无35(19.02)22(62.9)13(37.1)
糖尿病有20(10.87)15(75.0)5(25.0)2.3080.129
无164(89.13)94(57.3)70(42.7)
高血压有25(13.59)21(84.0)4(16.0)7.3460.007
无159(86.41)88(55.3)71(44.7)
恶性肿瘤家族史否119(64.67)74(62.2)45(37.8)1.2110.271
是65(35.33)35(53.8)30(46.2)
手术时长(h)<362(33.70)30(48.4)32(51.6)4.5610.033
≥3122(66.30)79(64.8)43(35.2)
出血量(ml)<40092(50.0)49(53.3)43(46.7)2.7230.099
≥40092(50.0)60(65.2)32(34.8)
肝门总阻断时间(min)≤15102(55.43)65(63.7)37(36.3)1.9080.167
>1582(44.57)44(53.7)38(46.3)
肿瘤数目单发155(84.24)93(60.0)62(40.0)0.2360.627
多发29(15.76)16(55.2)13(44.8)
肿瘤最大直径(cm)≤5124(67.39)80(64.5)44(35.5)4.3850.036
>560(32.61)29(48.3)31(51.7)
门脉癌栓无174(94.57)104(59.8)70(40.2)-a0.742a
有10(5.43)5(50.0)5(50.0)
血管侵犯无167(90.76)102(61.1)65(38.9)2.5310.112
有17(9.24)7(41.2)10(58.8)
微血管侵犯无131(71.20)88(67.2)43(32.8)11.8640.001
有53(28.80)21(39.6)32(60.4)
分化程度低分化59(32.07)25(42.4)34(57.6)10.2320.001
中/高分化125(67.93)84(67.2)41(32.8)
甲胎蛋白(ng/ml)≤400146(79.35)91(62.3)55(37.7)2.7950.095
>40038(20.65)18(47.4)20(52.6)
丙氨酸氨基转移酶(U/L)≤60156(84.78)100(64.1)56(35.9)10.0420.002
>6028(15.22)9(32.1)19(67.9)
门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(U/L)≤60151(82.07)94(62.3)57(37.7)3.1640.075
>6033(17.93)15(45.5)18(54.5)
), ArticleFig(id=1311350632024465861, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350625602986380, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

原发性肝癌术后早期未复发组与复发组临床资料比较[n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量分组调查人数
(n=184)
未复发组
(n=109)
复发组
(n=75)
χ2值P值
性别男158(85.87)92(58.2)66(41.8)0.4740.491
女26(14.13)17(65.4)9(34.6)
年龄(岁)≤4029(15.76)12(41.4)17(58.6)4.5480.033
>40155(84.24)97(62.6)58(37.4)
学历大专及本科以上56(30.43)35(62.5)21(37.5)0.3540.552
高中及中专以下128(69.57)74(57.8)54(42.2)
家庭月人均收入(元)<3 00061(33.15)31(50.8)30(49.2)2.6790.102
≥3 000123(66.85)78(63.4)45(36.6)
近一年居住状态独居11(5.98)4(36.4)7(63.6)-a0.126a
与家人同住173(94.02)105(60.7)68(39.3)
饮酒史无100(54.35)59(59.0)41(41.0)0.0050.943
有84(45.65)50(59.5)34(40.5)
吸烟史无81(44.02)48(59.3)33(40.7)0.0000.996
有103(55.98)61(59.2)42(40.8)
乙肝无17(9.24)11(64.7)6(35.3)0.2320.630
有167(90.76)98(58.7)69(41.3)
肝硬化有149(80.98)87(58.4)62(41.6)0.2340.628
无35(19.02)22(62.9)13(37.1)
糖尿病有20(10.87)15(75.0)5(25.0)2.3080.129
无164(89.13)94(57.3)70(42.7)
高血压有25(13.59)21(84.0)4(16.0)7.3460.007
无159(86.41)88(55.3)71(44.7)
恶性肿瘤家族史否119(64.67)74(62.2)45(37.8)1.2110.271
是65(35.33)35(53.8)30(46.2)
手术时长(h)<362(33.70)30(48.4)32(51.6)4.5610.033
≥3122(66.30)79(64.8)43(35.2)
出血量(ml)<40092(50.0)49(53.3)43(46.7)2.7230.099
≥40092(50.0)60(65.2)32(34.8)
肝门总阻断时间(min)≤15102(55.43)65(63.7)37(36.3)1.9080.167
>1582(44.57)44(53.7)38(46.3)
肿瘤数目单发155(84.24)93(60.0)62(40.0)0.2360.627
多发29(15.76)16(55.2)13(44.8)
肿瘤最大直径(cm)≤5124(67.39)80(64.5)44(35.5)4.3850.036
>560(32.61)29(48.3)31(51.7)
门脉癌栓无174(94.57)104(59.8)70(40.2)-a0.742a
有10(5.43)5(50.0)5(50.0)
血管侵犯无167(90.76)102(61.1)65(38.9)2.5310.112
有17(9.24)7(41.2)10(58.8)
微血管侵犯无131(71.20)88(67.2)43(32.8)11.8640.001
有53(28.80)21(39.6)32(60.4)
分化程度低分化59(32.07)25(42.4)34(57.6)10.2320.001
中/高分化125(67.93)84(67.2)41(32.8)
甲胎蛋白(ng/ml)≤400146(79.35)91(62.3)55(37.7)2.7950.095
>40038(20.65)18(47.4)20(52.6)
丙氨酸氨基转移酶(U/L)≤60156(84.78)100(64.1)56(35.9)10.0420.002
>6028(15.22)9(32.1)19(67.9)
门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(U/L)≤60151(82.07)94(62.3)57(37.7)3.1640.075
>6033(17.93)15(45.5)18(54.5)
), ArticleFig(id=1311350632104157638, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350625602986380, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Univariate analysis of factors affecting early postoperative recurrence of primary liver cancer

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量分组平均无复发生存时间
(月)
中位无复发生存时间
(月)
2年无复发生存率
(%)
Log-rank
χ2值
P值
性别男105.38-65.80.2600.610
女103.54-72.1
年龄(岁)≤4075.62-50.15.3000.021
>40111.31-69.9
学历大专及本科以上108.80-68.40.0560.813
高中及中专以下96.32-65.9
家庭月人均收入(元)<3 00071.63-60.01.9890.158
≥3 000111.48-70.2
近一年居住状态独居16.5014.8036.49.3960.002
与家人同住109.57-68.8
饮酒史无93.71-64.00.9670.325
有111.42-70.1
吸烟史无99.92-62.21.6260.202
有82.40-70.4
乙肝无63.07-66.90.0200.888
有106.49-66.7
肝硬化有104.81-65.50.3210.571
无103.24-71.4
糖尿病有55.91-83.62.4590.117
无103.71-64.7
高血压有72.91-86.44.8700.027
无101.99-63.6
恶性肿瘤家族史否78.08-66.30.0070.931
是108.01-67.8
手术时长(h)<3103.20-64.00.0760.783
≥361.48-68.7
出血量(ml)<40065.61-65.00.1300.719
≥400109.37-68.8
肝门总阻断时间(min)≤15116.36-73.84.2310.040
>1541.26-55.9
肿瘤数目单发108.73-68.31.0300.310
多发55.92-58.2
肿瘤最大直径(cm)≤5112.80-70.84.3890.036
>559.27-58.5
门脉癌栓无107.98-67.71.9910.158
有30.0416.770.5
血管侵犯无109.52-68.75.1170.024
有49.1716.7747.1
微血管侵犯无106.41-73.810.0510.002
有82.63-50.0
分化程度低分化91.33-56.65.3880.020
中/高分化103.73-71.5
甲胎蛋白(ng/ml)≤40081.54-69.63.4520.063
>40091.02-56.3
丙氨酸氨基转移酶(U/L)≤60113.30-71.411.9520.001
>6052.7416.8041.6
门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(U/L)≤60111.12-69.84.8390.028
>6063.55-52.5
), ArticleFig(id=1311350632284512711, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350625602986380, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

影响原发性肝癌术后早期复发的单因素分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量分组平均无复发生存时间
(月)
中位无复发生存时间
(月)
2年无复发生存率
(%)
Log-rank
χ2值
P值
性别男105.38-65.80.2600.610
女103.54-72.1
年龄(岁)≤4075.62-50.15.3000.021
>40111.31-69.9
学历大专及本科以上108.80-68.40.0560.813
高中及中专以下96.32-65.9
家庭月人均收入(元)<3 00071.63-60.01.9890.158
≥3 000111.48-70.2
近一年居住状态独居16.5014.8036.49.3960.002
与家人同住109.57-68.8
饮酒史无93.71-64.00.9670.325
有111.42-70.1
吸烟史无99.92-62.21.6260.202
有82.40-70.4
乙肝无63.07-66.90.0200.888
有106.49-66.7
肝硬化有104.81-65.50.3210.571
无103.24-71.4
糖尿病有55.91-83.62.4590.117
无103.71-64.7
高血压有72.91-86.44.8700.027
无101.99-63.6
恶性肿瘤家族史否78.08-66.30.0070.931
是108.01-67.8
手术时长(h)<3103.20-64.00.0760.783
≥361.48-68.7
出血量(ml)<40065.61-65.00.1300.719
≥400109.37-68.8
肝门总阻断时间(min)≤15116.36-73.84.2310.040
>1541.26-55.9
肿瘤数目单发108.73-68.31.0300.310
多发55.92-58.2
肿瘤最大直径(cm)≤5112.80-70.84.3890.036
>559.27-58.5
门脉癌栓无107.98-67.71.9910.158
有30.0416.770.5
血管侵犯无109.52-68.75.1170.024
有49.1716.7747.1
微血管侵犯无106.41-73.810.0510.002
有82.63-50.0
分化程度低分化91.33-56.65.3880.020
中/高分化103.73-71.5
甲胎蛋白(ng/ml)≤40081.54-69.63.4520.063
>40091.02-56.3
丙氨酸氨基转移酶(U/L)≤60113.30-71.411.9520.001
>6052.7416.8041.6
门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(U/L)≤60111.12-69.84.8390.028
>6063.55-52.5
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Multivariate analysis of factors affecting early postoperative recurrence of primary liver cancer

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变量分组βSEWaldHR(95%CI)P值
年龄(岁)≤400.0630.3650.0301.065(0.521~2.176)0.863
>40(ref)
近一年居住状态独居1.2980.4647.8233.661(1.475~9.089)0.005
与家人同住(ref)
高血压无0.9250.6102.2992.522(0.763~8.338)0.129
有(ref)
肝门总阻断时间(min)>150.6280.2974.4751.874(1.047~3.354)0.034
≤15(ref)
肿瘤最大直径(cm)>50.3740.3111.4481.454(0.790~2.676)0.229
≤5(ref)
血管侵犯有0.1640.4010.1671.178(0.536~2.589)0.683
无(ref)
微血管侵犯有0.5810.2903.9951.787(1.011~3.158)0.046
无(ref)
分化程度低分化0.3540.3041.3581.425(0.785~2.585)0.244
中/高分化(ref)
丙氨酸氨基转移酶(U/L)>600.8270.4243.8062.286(0.996~5.246)0.051
≤60(ref)
门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(U/L)>600.4720.4331.1881.603(0.686~3.748)0.276
≤60(ref)
甲胎蛋白(ng/ml)>4000.5460.3332.6851.726(0.898~3.317)0.101
≤400(ref)
), ArticleFig(id=1311350633895125449, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350625602986380, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

影响原发性肝癌术后早期复发的多因素分析

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变量分组βSEWaldHR(95%CI)P值
年龄(岁)≤400.0630.3650.0301.065(0.521~2.176)0.863
>40(ref)
近一年居住状态独居1.2980.4647.8233.661(1.475~9.089)0.005
与家人同住(ref)
高血压无0.9250.6102.2992.522(0.763~8.338)0.129
有(ref)
肝门总阻断时间(min)>150.6280.2974.4751.874(1.047~3.354)0.034
≤15(ref)
肿瘤最大直径(cm)>50.3740.3111.4481.454(0.790~2.676)0.229
≤5(ref)
血管侵犯有0.1640.4010.1671.178(0.536~2.589)0.683
无(ref)
微血管侵犯有0.5810.2903.9951.787(1.011~3.158)0.046
无(ref)
分化程度低分化0.3540.3041.3581.425(0.785~2.585)0.244
中/高分化(ref)
丙氨酸氨基转移酶(U/L)>600.8270.4243.8062.286(0.996~5.246)0.051
≤60(ref)
门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(U/L)>600.4720.4331.1881.603(0.686~3.748)0.276
≤60(ref)
甲胎蛋白(ng/ml)>4000.5460.3332.6851.726(0.898~3.317)0.101
≤400(ref)
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一站式肝病-肝癌全程管理模式下原发性肝癌患者术后早期复发的独立危险因素分析
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丁嘉琳 1 , 谢坤林 2 , 周永召 1 , 邓懿 1 , 蔡云石 2 , 邓颖 1
现代预防医学 | 临床与预防 2026,53(16): 3050-3055
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现代预防医学 |临床与预防 2026 , 53 (16) : 3050 -3055
一站式肝病-肝癌全程管理模式下原发性肝癌患者术后早期复发的独立危险因素分析
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丁嘉琳1, 谢坤林2 , 周永召1, 邓懿1, 蔡云石2, 邓颖1
作者信息
  • 1.四川大学华西医院全程与共病管理中心,四川 成都 610041
  • 2.四川大学华西医院器官移植中心,肝移植中心
通讯作者:
谢坤林,E-mail:
作者简介:

丁嘉琳(1995—),女,硕士,研究实习员,研究方向:慢病全程管理、慢病专病数据库

Independent risk factors for early postoperative recurrence in patients with primary liver cancer under the one-stop integrated management mode from hepatopathy to liver cancer
Jia-lin DING1, Kun-lin XIE2 , Yong-zhao ZHOU1, Yi DENG1, Yun-shi CAI2, Ying DENG1
Affiliations
  • Integrated Care and Comorbidity Management Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
出版时间: 2026-08-25 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202512218
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目的

分析一站式肝病-肝癌全程管理模式下原发性肝癌患者术后早期复发的独立危险因素,为临床诊疗及全程管理策略的优化提供依据。

方法

纳入2023年6月至10月四川大学华西医院收治且签约全程管理的原发性肝癌患者184例。术后随访2年,分析早期复发现况。采用Kaplan-Meier法估计无复发生存时间及无复发生存率,Log-rank法进行检验,Cox比例风险回归筛选独立危险因素。

结果

184例患者中,早期复发率为40.76%。Cox比例风险回归模型显示,术前近一年独居状态(HR=3.661,95%CI:1.475~9.089)、肝门总阻断时间>15 min(HR=1.874,95%CI:1.047~3.354)、微血管侵犯阳性(HR=1.787,95%CI:1.011~3.158)是术后早期复发的独立危险因素。

结论

术前近一年独居状态、肝门总阻断时间>15 min、微血管侵犯阳性是肝癌患者术后早期复发的独立危险因素,全程管理应予以重视并实施风险分层与强化管理,改善预后。

原发性肝癌  /  早期复发  /  独立危险因素  /  全程管理  /  一站式
Objective

To analyze the independent risk factors for early postoperative recurrence in patients with primary liver cancer under the one-stop integrated management mode from hepatopathy to liver cancer, and to provide basis for optimizing clinical diagnosis, treatment, and integrated management strategies.

Methods

From June 2023 to October 2023, 184 patients with primary liver cancer who treated in West China Hospital of Sichuan University and enrolled in the one-stop integrated management mode. All patients were followed up for 2 years after operation, and their early recurrence status was analyzed. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to estimate recurrence-free survival time and recurrence-free survival rates, with the Log-rank test employed for comparison. To identify independent risk factors, Cox proportional hazards regression was performed.

Results

The early recurrence rate was 40.76% among the 184 patients. Cox proportional hazards regression model analysis revealed that preoperative living alone for nearly one year (HR=3.661, 95%CI: 1.475-9.089), total hepatic portal occlusion time exceeding 15 minutes (HR=1.874, 95%CI: 1.047 -3.354), and positive microvascular invasion (HR=1.787, 95%CI: 1.011-3.158) were independent risk factors for early postoperative recurrence in patients with primary liver cancer.

Conclusion

Preoperative living alone for nearly one year, a total hepatic portal occlusion time exceeding 15 minutes, and positive microvascular invasion are independent risk factors for early postoperative recurrence in patients with primary liver cancer. Future integrated management from hepatopathy to liver cancer should prioritize these factors, implementing risk stratification and intensified management strategies to improve patient prognosis.

Primary liver cancer  /  Early recurrence  /  Independent risk factors  /  Integrated management  /  One-stop
丁嘉琳, 谢坤林, 周永召, 邓懿, 蔡云石, 邓颖. 一站式肝病-肝癌全程管理模式下原发性肝癌患者术后早期复发的独立危险因素分析. 现代预防医学, 2026 , 53 (16) : 3050 -3055 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202512218
Jia-lin DING, Kun-lin XIE, Yong-zhao ZHOU, Yi DENG, Yun-shi CAI, Ying DENG. Independent risk factors for early postoperative recurrence in patients with primary liver cancer under the one-stop integrated management mode from hepatopathy to liver cancer[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2026 , 53 (16) : 3050 -3055 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202512218
原发性肝癌是全球第六大常见癌症,也是第三大癌症相关死亡原因[1]。我国每年有30万以上患者因肝癌死亡,约占全球的50%[2]。手术是肝癌患者根治的主要方法[3],但术后复发风险居高不下,复发后患者中位生存时间仅10~15个月[4],2年复发率高达45%[5],严重影响患者生存。
近年来,国内外关于肝癌术后早期复发危险因素的研究已取得重要进展。在患者因素方面,年龄、性别、肝脏储备功能、肝硬化、病毒性肝炎及基础疾病等被证实与复发显著相关[1,2,6]。在肿瘤因素方面,肿瘤大小、多发性肿瘤、分化程度、微血管侵犯、甲胎蛋白水平等也是重要预测指标[1,2,6]。然而,现有研究结论尚无一致定论,给临床风险评估和个体化决策带来挑战。此外,当前多数研究缺乏全程管理模式的整合视角,全程管理已被证实可降低患者复发风险,改善生存结局[7-8];其次,缺乏对独居等社会心理因素的关注,现有研究极少探讨居住状态对预后的影响,而其他肿瘤研究已表明独居与不良预后相关;最后,当前研究对手术相关因素探讨相对不足,尤其是肝门阻断时间与术后炎症微环境改变及复发风险的关联尚未得到充分阐明。
综上所述,目前缺乏基于全程管理模式的肝癌术后早期复发风险因素的系统性探索。本研究围绕上述关键问题展开,以期为优化全程管理策略、提升复发预警精准度提供科学依据。
选取2023年6月至10月四川大学华西医院收治且签约全程管理的184例原发性肝癌患者。纳入标准:①符合《原发性肝癌诊疗指南(2022年版)》[9]诊断标准;②术前未接受抗肿瘤治疗;③临床资料完整。排除标准:①合并其他恶性肿瘤;②重要脏器功能障碍或全身感染;③严重神经及精神疾病。患者均签署知情同意书。本研究经四川大学华西医院生物医学伦理审查委员会批准,审批号:2023年审2433号。
收集患者术前一周内临床资料,包含性别、年龄、学历、家庭月人均收入、近一年居住状态、饮酒史、吸烟史、乙肝、肝硬化、糖尿病、高血压、恶性肿瘤家族史、手术时长、出血量、肝门总阻断时间、肿瘤数目、肿瘤最大直径、门脉癌栓、血管侵犯、微血管侵犯、分化程度、甲胎蛋白、丙氨酸氨基转移酶、门冬氨酸氨基转移酶。参照既往文献,肝门总阻断时间以15 min为界(≤15 min vs. >15 min)[10];手术时长分为两组(<3 h vs. ≥3 h)[10];出血量分为两组(<400 ml vs. ≥400 ml)[10];肿瘤最大直径分为两组(≤5 cm vs. >5 cm)[11];甲胎蛋白分为两组(≤400 ng/ml vs. >400 ng/ml)[11];丙氨酸氨基转移酶分为两组(≤60 U/L vs. >60 U/L)[10];门冬氨酸氨基转移酶分为两组(≤60 U/L vs. >60 U/L)[10]。
患者均完成术后2年门诊随访,随访截至2025年10月15日。术后早期复发以影像学检查证实存在肿块为判定依据。无复发生存时间:从手术之日起,至复发日期或随访截止日期。
采用SPSS 23.0进行统计分析。分类变量以频数(百分比)表示,组间比较通过χ2检验或Fisher确切概率法进行。Kaplan-Meier生存分析用于估计无复发生存时间及无复发生存率,并用Log-rank法进行检验;将Log-rank检验中P<0.10的变量纳入多因素Cox比例风险回归模型,筛选独立危险因素。使用GraphPad Prism 10.6绘制生存曲线。检验水准α=0.05。
184例患者中,75例(40.76%)术后2年内复发。两组在性别、学历、家庭月人均收入、近一年居住状态、饮酒史、吸烟史、乙肝、肝硬化、糖尿病、恶性肿瘤家族史、出血量、肝门总阻断时间、肿瘤数目、门脉癌栓、血管侵犯、甲胎蛋白、门冬氨酸氨基转移酶上均无显著性差异;而在年龄、高血压、手术时长、肿瘤最大直径、微血管侵犯、分化程度、丙氨酸氨基转移酶的分布上差异具有统计学意义,见表1。此外,独居患者复发率虽高于与家人同住者,但组间差异无统计学意义,可能与样本量相对有限导致检验效能不足有关。
结果表明,年龄、近一年居住状态、高血压、肝门总阻断时间、肿瘤最大直径、血管侵犯、微血管侵犯、分化程度、甲胎蛋白、丙氨酸氨基转移酶、门冬氨酸氨基转移酶与无复发生存时间显著相关,见表2。
模型比例风险假定成立(χ2=10.151,P=0.517)。结果显示,术前近一年独居状态、肝门总阻断时间>15 min、微血管侵犯阳性是术后早期复发的独立危险因素,丙氨酸氨基转移酶呈边缘显著,见表3。
患者整体2年无复发生存率为66.8%。微血管侵犯阴性组和阳性组的2年无复发生存率分别为73.8%和50.0%,见图1。独居组与家人同住组分别为36.4%和68.8%,见图2。
肝癌术后早期复发是影响患者长期生存的主要挑战。本研究中术后早期复发率为40.76%,这与既往文献报道的30%~50%的复发率一致[12]。因此,系统识别早期复发的危险因素,对于构建精准防治策略、改善患者生存结局具有重要的临床价值。
本研究中,术前近一年独居状态是早期复发的独立危险因素,与既往研究一致[13],可能是由于独居引发的孤独、焦虑及抑郁情绪导致激素水平失衡,抑制免疫功能,削弱机体对癌细胞的免疫监视与清除[14]。同时不良情绪还可影响睡眠与饮食,进一步降低免疫功能[15];肝门总阻断时间>15 min是早期复发的独立危险因素,肝门阻断虽为术中控制出血的常规方法,但其引发的缺血再灌注损伤可致炎症因子及相关细胞因子的表达上调,与肿瘤复发和侵袭性进展密切相关[16-17]。研究证实,肝门单次阻断时间>15 min可进一步抑制免疫功能,加速复发进程[5];微血管侵犯已被多项研究证实是早期复发的危险因素[18],其通过为肿瘤细胞在肝内播散提供直接途径而增加复发风险[19]。
华西医院一站式肝病-肝癌全程管理是以“医护管”团队协同为核心、覆盖肝炎-肝硬化-肝癌全病程,依托规范化临床路径与多学科协作,实现肝癌的早期筛查、规范诊疗和终身随访[7]。该模式通过由专家牵头的多学科团队制定临床路径,专病管理师负责非诊疗事务性服务,建立动态化、标准化数据库实现数据治理与科研支持[20]。研究发现,全程管理可有效控制肝癌的复发转移,使患者获益最大化[21]。针对本研究识别的三类高危人群,可实施以下针对性策略:独居患者,该模式可通过AI全程健康管理随访平台的智能语音外呼功能提供用药指导、康复建议、医生提醒、随访提醒等,专病管理师定时通过短信、微信、华医通APP等提醒复查复诊并协助预约检查,增强治疗依从性。同时,通过个性化科普推送与“病友会”交流活动,缓解孤独情绪,强化社会支持与治疗信心。还可通过互联网医院实现线上问诊、开具检查、预约检查、送药到家,持续监测病情,一旦发现复发迹象及时启动多学科诊疗,争取根治性治疗,实现医疗支持与人文关怀的深度融合;肝门总阻断时间>15 min患者,可通过整合医疗技术、药物辅助、精细随访及患者参与等系统性、长期化的主动干预策略,将风险因素转化为可管理、可控制的长期健康管理目标。研究发现,避免使用肝门阻断技术,可使肝癌术后远期复发率及肿瘤相关死亡率可下降约20%~25%[17]。因而,在技术条件允许时,术中应尽量避免行肝门阻断,以改善长期预后[22];微血管侵犯阳性患者,由于微血管侵犯需术后病理确诊,诊断滞后性制约了术前治疗决策,可通过构建术前风险预测模型实现精准识别,为手术方案优化提供依据。术后提供精细化复发监测服务,对有复发倾向的高危患者实施强化综合治疗策略[23]。此外,术后规律随访对争取复发后的根治性治疗至关重要。一项多中心研究显示,规律随访并在复发后接受根治性治疗的患者长期预后更佳[24]。因而,可为全程管理的术后患者制定个体化随访方案,在术后前2年的关键随访期内实现精准、高效的复发监测。
年龄、高血压、肿瘤最大直径等在单因素分析中显著,但在多因素分析中未保持显著性,分析原因如下:①单因素分析未控制混杂因素,可能高估变量的真实效应;②变量间存在共线性,效应被微血管侵犯等更强因素所分散;③样本量有限,弱效应变量未能达到显著;④全程管理模式可能缩小了传统风险因素带来的预后差异。此外,丙氨酸氨基转移酶呈边缘显著,提示可能存在临床意义,其升高反映肝细胞损伤,可能与肝功能储备受损及肝脏微环境改变相关,进而增加复发风险。临床上可将丙氨酸氨基转移酶水平>60 U/L视为潜在危险因素,加强肝功能监测并提高随访频率,以便及时发现复发病灶,但该发现需在更大样本中进一步验证。
本研究存在以下局限性:①单中心设计,样本来源局限,结果外推需谨慎;②随访仅2年,未观察远期复发;③居住状态等依赖患者自报,可能存在信息偏倚,且仅采集了基线状态,未追踪术后变化,无法区分不同居住状态维度对复发的影响;④未纳入术后辅助治疗、免疫功能等潜在混杂因素;⑤样本量相对有限,可能存在过拟合风险,影响部分弱效应变量的检验效能。未来需开展多中心、大样本的前瞻性研究,进一步验证本研究的发现,并探索社会心理因素在肝癌术后全程管理中的干预价值。
综上所述,为降低肝癌术后早期复发率,肝病-肝癌全程管理模式须前移防治关口,重点识别高危人群并实施风险分层与强化管理,通过个体化随访方案降低早期复发风险,为复发者争取根治性治疗机会,从而改善患者长期预后。
  • 国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(82303220)
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2026年第53卷第16期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202512218
  • 接收时间:2025-12-12
  • 首发时间:2026-09-28
  • 出版时间:2026-08-25
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  • 收稿日期:2025-12-12
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国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(82303220)
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    1.四川大学华西医院全程与共病管理中心,四川 成都 610041
    2.四川大学华西医院器官移植中心,肝移植中心

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
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多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
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