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Article(id=1311350526688718941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1311350363295417204, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202602132, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1770739200000, receivedDateStr=2026-02-11, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1790579929276, onlineDateStr=2026-09-28, pubDate=1787587200000, pubDateStr=2026-08-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1790579929276, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-09-28, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1790579929276, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1790579929276, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1311350363295417204, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2026', volume='53', issue='16', pageStart='2881', pageEnd='3072', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1787587200000', pubDateStr='2026-08-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1790579890321, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1790584112451, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1311368072267653663, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1311350363295417204, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1311368072267653664, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1311350363295417204, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=3017, endPage=3023, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1311350526894239838, articleId=1311350526688718941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Epidemiological characteristics and related influencing factors of motor cognitive risk syndrome in older adults, columnId=1228016572451718132, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Health and Social Behavior, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To investigate the prevalence characteristics of motor-cognitive risk syndrome (MCR) among community-dwelling elderly aged ≥65 and analyze its related factors, providing evidence forMCR early prevention and intervention.

Methods

A total of 5 659 community-dwelling elderly aged ≥65 years were selected from the HMACS cohort. MCR was assessed through questionnaires, physical examinations, and neuropsychological evaluations. The epidemiological characteristics were described, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify influencing factors, with stratified analysis by sex and age.

Results

Among the 5 659 older adults, 719 were diagnosed with MCR, with a crude prevalence rate of 12.71%. After standardization based on the data of the 7th National Population Census in 2020, the total standardized prevalence rate was 18.52%. The prevalence rate of MCR increased with age, which was higher in females (14.13%) than in males (11.32%), and higher in rural areas (30.17%) than in urban areas (6.72%). After adjusting for confounding factors,multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that medium SES (OR=0.371, 95%CI: 0.289-0.474), high SES (OR=0.361, 95%CI: 0.279-0.464), close neighborhood relationships (OR=0.648, 95%CI: 0.538-0.780), a balanced diet (OR=0.709, 95%CI: 0.569-0.887), and intellectual activities (OR=0.671, 95%CI: 0.551-0.817) were associated with a lower prevalence of MCR. Advanced age, female gender, living alone, and cardiometabolic comorbidities were associated with a higher prevalence of MCR (P<0.05). Stratified analysis showed that cardiovascular metabolic comorbidities were only associated with a high MCR prevalence in men (OR=1.523, 95%CI: 1.167-1.987), while living alone was only associated with a high MCR prevalence in women (OR=1.515, 95%CI: 1.085-2.059).

Conclusion

This cross-sectional study shows that the prevalence of MCR among community-dwelling elderly aged 65 and above is relatively high. Its occurrence is independently associated with various social, lifestyle, and health factors, and exhibits significant differences across gender and age strata. Therefore, early screening should be conducted for high-risk populations, and comprehensive interventions should be implemented to slow the progression of MCR and maintain the physical and mental health of the elderly.

, authors=Fei-bo ZHAO1, Gui-rong CHENG1, 2, Zhi-chao HE1, Hai-shi FEI1, Qiu-cheng GUO3, authorsList=Fei-bo ZHAO, Gui-rong CHENG, Zhi-chao HE, Hai-shi FEI, Qiu-cheng GUO, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Qiu-cheng GUO, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1311350527590494307, articleId=1311350526688718941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=CN, title=老年人运动认知风险综合征流行特征及影响因素, columnId=1228016572640461823, journalTitle=现代预防医学, columnName=健康与社会行为, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

调查社区≥65岁老年人运动认知风险综合征(MCR)的流行特征并分析其相关因素，为MCR早期防控提供依据。

方法

选取HMACS队列中≥65岁的5 659名社区老年人，经问卷调查、体格检查及神经心理评估判定MCR，描述其流行病学特征，多因素logistic回归分析其影响因素并进行性别、年龄分层分析。

结果

5 659名老年人中719人确诊MCR，患病率为12.71%；标化患病率为18.52%(2020年第七次人口普查)。MCR患病率随年龄增长呈上升趋势，女性(14.13%)高于男性(11.32%)，农村(30.17%)高于城市(6.72%)。校正混杂因素后，多因素logistic回归分析显示：中SES(OR=0.371，95%CI：0.289~0.474)、高SES(OR=0.361，95%CI：0.279~0.464)、邻里关系密切(OR=0.648，95%CI：0.538~0.780)、平衡饮食(OR=0.709，95%CI：0.569~0.887)及智力活动(OR=0.671，95%CI：0.551~0.817)与低MCR患病率相关。高龄、女性、独居、心血管代谢性共病与高MCR患病率相关(均P<0.05)。分层分析显示，心血管代谢性共病仅与男性高MCR患病率相关(OR=1.523，95%CI：1.167~1.987)；独居仅与女性高MCR患病率相关(OR=1.515，95%CI：1.085~2.059)。

结论

本项横断面研究显示，社区≥65岁老年人MCR患病率较高，其患病与多种社会因素、生活方式及健康因素独立相关，并呈现显著性别与年龄分层差异。因此，需对高危人群开展早期筛查，通过综合干预措施延缓MCR进展，维持老年人身心健康。

, authors=赵菲博1, 程桂荣1, 2, 何智超1, 费海诗1, 郭秋成3, authorsList=赵菲博, 程桂荣, 何智超, 费海诗, 郭秋成, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=郭秋成, authorNote=

赵菲博（2001—），男，硕士在读，研究方向：老年认知功能障碍

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郭秋成，E-mail：
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Clin Nutr, 2025, 51(1): 278-286., articleTitle=The moderating effect of dietary patterns on the association of depression and anxiety with cognitive function, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1311350532049039509, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350526688718941, awardId=2022ZD0211600, language=CN, fundingSource=脑科学与类脑研究国家科技重大专项(2022ZD0211600), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1311350527829569636, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350526688718941, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311350527842152549, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350526688718941, companyId=1311350527829569636, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311350527850541158, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350526688718941, companyId=1311350527829569636, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.武汉科技大学医学部，湖北 武汉 430065)]), AuthorCompany(id=1311350527909261415, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350526688718941, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311350527917650024, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350526688718941, companyId=1311350527909261415, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.武汉科技大学脑科学先进技术研究院)]), AuthorCompany(id=1311350527993147497, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350526688718941, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311350528001536106, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350526688718941, companyId=1311350527993147497, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.湖北省肿瘤医院)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1311350531377950863, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350526688718941, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Survey population flowchart, figureFileSmall=7tnZDAJl8QjQO/Iz9cAaLw==, figureFileBig=VqszUCFZCEdvU5JIsAuAZA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311350531449254032, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350526688718941, language=CN, label=图1, caption=调查人群流程图

注：MCR为运动认知风险综合征；SES为社会经济地位；CMM为心血管代谢性共病。

, figureFileSmall=7tnZDAJl8QjQO/Iz9cAaLw==, figureFileBig=VqszUCFZCEdvU5JIsAuAZA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311350531646386321, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350526688718941, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Basic characteristics of the study population ［n(%)］

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标类别总体
n=5 659(n，%)		有MCR
n=719(n，%)		无MCR
n=4 940(n，%)		χ2值P值
年龄分段65~692 320(41.0)218(9.4)2 102(90.6)68.61<0.001
70~741 807(31.9)220(12.2)1 587(87.8)
75~79952(16.8)182(19.1)770(80.9)
≥80580(10.3)99(17.1)481(82.9)
性别男2 870(50.7)325(11.3)2 545(88.7)9.770.002
女2 789(49.3)394(14.1)2 395(85.9)
调查阶段2018—2021年2 744(48.5)235(8.6)2 509(91.4)93.38<0.001
2022—2025年2 683(47.4)467(17.4)2 216(82.6)
居住地农村1 445(25.5)436(30.2)1 009(69.8)531.72<0.001
城市4 214(74.5)283(6.7)3 931(93.3)
SES低1 887(33.4)444(23.5)1 443(76.5)299.05<0.001
中1 919(33.9)139(7.2)1 780(92.8)
高1 853(32.7)136(7.3)1 717(92.7)
独居否4 226(74.7)509(12.0)3 717(88.0)95.79<0.001
是705(12.5)183(26.0)522(74.0)
配偶无1 224(21.6)252(20.6)972(79.4)88.79<0.001
有4 396(77.7)458(10.4)3 938(89.6)
邻里关系一般2 344(41.4)404(17.2)1 940(82.8)76.95<0.001
密切3 229(57.1)300(9.3)2 929(90.7)
性格特征中性2 158(38.1)237(11.0)1 921(89.0)14.17<0.001
外向2 383(42.1)306(12.8)2 077(87.2)
内向976(17.3)154(15.8)822(84.2)
吸烟否3 903(69.0)473(12.1)3 430(87.9)4.200.040
是1 741(30.8)246(14.1)1 495(85.9)
饮酒否3 790(67.0)462(12.2)3 328(87.8)3.140.076
是1 848(32.7)257(13.9)1 591(86.1)
饮食偏好素食为主878(15.5)181(20.6)697(79.4)61.86<0.001
肉食为主149(2.6)23(15.4)126(84.6)
荤素搭配4 551(80.4)503(11.1)4 048(88.9)
体育锻炼无811(14.3)184(22.7)627(77.3)84.44<0.001
有4 832(85.4)532(11.0)4 300(89.0)
智力活动无2 171(38.4)420(19.3)1 751(80.7)145.38<0.001
有3 459(61.1)289(8.4)3 170(91.6)
抑郁或焦虑无5 253(92.8)657(12.5)4 596(87.5)16.86<0.001
有198(3.5)45(22.7)153(77.3)
高血压无2 714(48.0)324(11.9)2 390(88.1)2.390.122
有2 938(52.0)392(13.3)2 546(86.7)
糖尿病无4 618(81.6)565(12.2)4 053(87.8)3.090.079
有1 020(18.0)146(14.3)874(85.7)
冠心病无4 694(83.0)575(12.2)4 119(87.8)3.320.068
有932(16.5)135(14.5)797(85.5)
高血脂无4 149(73.3)526(12.7)3 623(87.3)0.030.869
有1 484(26.2)185(12.5)1 299(87.5)
脑血管病无4 605(81.4)557(12.1)4 048(87.9)6.130.013
有1 020(18.0)153(15.0)867(85.0)
心血管代谢性共病无3 576(63.2)428(12.0)3 148(88.0)4.580.032
有2 083(36.8)291(14.0)1 792(86.0)
), ArticleFig(id=1311350531726078098, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350526688718941, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

研究人群的基本特征 ［n(%)］

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标类别总体
n=5 659(n，%)		有MCR
n=719(n，%)		无MCR
n=4 940(n，%)		χ2值P值
年龄分段65~692 320(41.0)218(9.4)2 102(90.6)68.61<0.001
70~741 807(31.9)220(12.2)1 587(87.8)
75~79952(16.8)182(19.1)770(80.9)
≥80580(10.3)99(17.1)481(82.9)
性别男2 870(50.7)325(11.3)2 545(88.7)9.770.002
女2 789(49.3)394(14.1)2 395(85.9)
调查阶段2018—2021年2 744(48.5)235(8.6)2 509(91.4)93.38<0.001
2022—2025年2 683(47.4)467(17.4)2 216(82.6)
居住地农村1 445(25.5)436(30.2)1 009(69.8)531.72<0.001
城市4 214(74.5)283(6.7)3 931(93.3)
SES低1 887(33.4)444(23.5)1 443(76.5)299.05<0.001
中1 919(33.9)139(7.2)1 780(92.8)
高1 853(32.7)136(7.3)1 717(92.7)
独居否4 226(74.7)509(12.0)3 717(88.0)95.79<0.001
是705(12.5)183(26.0)522(74.0)
配偶无1 224(21.6)252(20.6)972(79.4)88.79<0.001
有4 396(77.7)458(10.4)3 938(89.6)
邻里关系一般2 344(41.4)404(17.2)1 940(82.8)76.95<0.001
密切3 229(57.1)300(9.3)2 929(90.7)
性格特征中性2 158(38.1)237(11.0)1 921(89.0)14.17<0.001
外向2 383(42.1)306(12.8)2 077(87.2)
内向976(17.3)154(15.8)822(84.2)
吸烟否3 903(69.0)473(12.1)3 430(87.9)4.200.040
是1 741(30.8)246(14.1)1 495(85.9)
饮酒否3 790(67.0)462(12.2)3 328(87.8)3.140.076
是1 848(32.7)257(13.9)1 591(86.1)
饮食偏好素食为主878(15.5)181(20.6)697(79.4)61.86<0.001
肉食为主149(2.6)23(15.4)126(84.6)
荤素搭配4 551(80.4)503(11.1)4 048(88.9)
体育锻炼无811(14.3)184(22.7)627(77.3)84.44<0.001
有4 832(85.4)532(11.0)4 300(89.0)
智力活动无2 171(38.4)420(19.3)1 751(80.7)145.38<0.001
有3 459(61.1)289(8.4)3 170(91.6)
抑郁或焦虑无5 253(92.8)657(12.5)4 596(87.5)16.86<0.001
有198(3.5)45(22.7)153(77.3)
高血压无2 714(48.0)324(11.9)2 390(88.1)2.390.122
有2 938(52.0)392(13.3)2 546(86.7)
糖尿病无4 618(81.6)565(12.2)4 053(87.8)3.090.079
有1 020(18.0)146(14.3)874(85.7)
冠心病无4 694(83.0)575(12.2)4 119(87.8)3.320.068
有932(16.5)135(14.5)797(85.5)
高血脂无4 149(73.3)526(12.7)3 623(87.3)0.030.869
有1 484(26.2)185(12.5)1 299(87.5)
脑血管病无4 605(81.4)557(12.1)4 048(87.9)6.130.013
有1 020(18.0)153(15.0)867(85.0)
心血管代谢性共病无3 576(63.2)428(12.0)3 148(88.0)4.580.032
有2 083(36.8)291(14.0)1 792(86.0)
), ArticleFig(id=1311350531809964179, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350526688718941, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Logistic regression analysis results of factors influencing MCR in different populations

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标类别总人群性别分层
OR(95%CI)P值男性组女性组
OR(95%CI)P值OR(95%CI)P值
年龄65~69Reference
70~741.161(0.924~1.460)0.1991.038(0.745~1.448)0.8251.286(0.936~1.766)0.120
75~791.750(1.366~2.239)<0.0011.593(1.112~2.277)0.0111.930(1.366~2.723)<0.001
≥802.021(1.498~2.714)<0.0011.709(1.001~2.623)0.0152.390(1.577~3.591)<0.001
性别男Reference
女1.264(1.052~1.519)0.012--
性格特征中性Reference
外向1.149(0.935~1.412)0.1871.179(0.876~1.592)0.2801.138(0.855~1.520)0.376
内向1.089(0.847~1.397)0.5041.092(0.761~1.560)0.6291.106(0.774~1.570)0.576
SES低 SESReference
中 SES0.371(0.289~0.474)<0.0010.353(0.240~0.512)<0.0010.368(0.263~0.511)<0.001
高 SES0.361(0.279~0.464)<0.0010.417(0.287~0.598)<0.0010.308(0.215~0.438)<0.001
独居否Reference
是1.442(1.154~1.795)0.0011.353(0.977~1.859)0.0651.515(1.085~2.059)0.008
邻里关系一般Reference
密切0.648(0.538~0.780)<0.0010.669(0.512~0.875)0.0030.623(0.480~0.807)<0.001
吸烟否Reference
是1.163(0.915~1.478)0.2161.076(0.782~1.478)0.6501.315(0.908~1.898)0.146
饮酒否Reference
是0.927(0.730~1.176)0.5350.900(0.652~1.236)0.5150.930(0.645~1.334)0.700
饮食偏好素食为主Reference
肉食为主0.894(0.516~1.496)0.6781.079(0.544~2.048)0.8210.598(0.223~1.415)0.269
荤素搭配0.709(0.569~0.887)0.0020.668(0.487~0.923)0.0130.756(0.555~1.036)0.078
体育锻炼否Reference
是0.987(0.790~1.237)0.9090.872(0.636~1.203)0.4001.086(0.792~1.503)0.612
智力活动否Reference
是0.671(0.551~0.817)<0.0010.720(0.543~0.955)0.0220.623(0.471~0.823)<0.001
抑郁或焦虑否Reference
是1.057(0.706~1.554)0.7820.937(0.497~1.678)0.8331.202(0.698~2.010)0.494
心血管代谢性共病否Reference
是1.285(1.067~1.546)0.0081.523(1.167~1.987)0.0021.095(0.842~1.419)0.497
调查阶段2018—2021年Reference
2022—2025年1.605(1.328~1.943)<0.0011.394（1.062~1.836)0.0171.856(1.421~2.435)<0.001
指标类别年龄分层
≤70岁组70岁组
OR(95%CI)P值OR(95%CI)P值
年龄65~69
70~74--
75~79--
≥80--
性别男
女1.109(0.825~1.493)0.4951.361(1.078~1.720)0.010
性格特征中性
外向1.324(0.949~1.856)0.1001.075(0.827~1.400)0.587
内向1.310(0.865~1.971)0.1970.972(0.706~1.330)0.858
SES低 SES
中SES0.429(0.295~0.620)<0.0010.322(0.229~0.448)<0.001
高SES0.347(0.228~0.520)<0.0010.372(0.267~0.512)<0.001
独居否
是1.345(0.885~2.005）0.1551.544(1.183~2.009)0.001
邻里关系一般
密切0.634(0.470~0.853)0.0030.655(0.516~0.830)<0.001
吸烟否
是1.067(0.728~1.559)0.7371.248(0.915~1.701)0.161
饮酒否
是1.059(0.727~1.535)0.7630.807(0.591~1.097)0.174
饮食偏好素食为主
肉食为主0.806(0.325~1.798)0.6160.901(0.443~1.745)0.765
荤素搭配0.606(0.423~0.879)0.0070.770(0.584~1.020)0.066
体育锻炼否
是0.984(0.677~1.447)0.9320.988(0.749~1.309)0.931
智力活动否
是0.743(0.544~1.017)0.0630.626(0.485~0.806)<0.001
抑郁或焦虑否
是0.959(0.469~1.835)0.9031.099(0.669~1.767)0.703
心血管代谢性共病否
是1.517(1.126~2.039)0.0061.171(0.923~1.485)0.192
调查阶段2018—2021年
2022—2025年2.362(1.731~3.254)<0.0011.263(0.994~1.608)0.057
), ArticleFig(id=1311350531885461652, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350526688718941, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

不同人群运动认知风险综合征影响因素的logistic回归分析结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标类别总人群性别分层
OR(95%CI)P值男性组女性组
OR(95%CI)P值OR(95%CI)P值
年龄65~69Reference
70~741.161(0.924~1.460)0.1991.038(0.745~1.448)0.8251.286(0.936~1.766)0.120
75~791.750(1.366~2.239)<0.0011.593(1.112~2.277)0.0111.930(1.366~2.723)<0.001
≥802.021(1.498~2.714)<0.0011.709(1.001~2.623)0.0152.390(1.577~3.591)<0.001
性别男Reference
女1.264(1.052~1.519)0.012--
性格特征中性Reference
外向1.149(0.935~1.412)0.1871.179(0.876~1.592)0.2801.138(0.855~1.520)0.376
内向1.089(0.847~1.397)0.5041.092(0.761~1.560)0.6291.106(0.774~1.570)0.576
SES低 SESReference
中 SES0.371(0.289~0.474)<0.0010.353(0.240~0.512)<0.0010.368(0.263~0.511)<0.001
高 SES0.361(0.279~0.464)<0.0010.417(0.287~0.598)<0.0010.308(0.215~0.438)<0.001
独居否Reference
是1.442(1.154~1.795)0.0011.353(0.977~1.859)0.0651.515(1.085~2.059)0.008
邻里关系一般Reference
密切0.648(0.538~0.780)<0.0010.669(0.512~0.875)0.0030.623(0.480~0.807)<0.001
吸烟否Reference
是1.163(0.915~1.478)0.2161.076(0.782~1.478)0.6501.315(0.908~1.898)0.146
饮酒否Reference
是0.927(0.730~1.176)0.5350.900(0.652~1.236)0.5150.930(0.645~1.334)0.700
饮食偏好素食为主Reference
肉食为主0.894(0.516~1.496)0.6781.079(0.544~2.048)0.8210.598(0.223~1.415)0.269
荤素搭配0.709(0.569~0.887)0.0020.668(0.487~0.923)0.0130.756(0.555~1.036)0.078
体育锻炼否Reference
是0.987(0.790~1.237)0.9090.872(0.636~1.203)0.4001.086(0.792~1.503)0.612
智力活动否Reference
是0.671(0.551~0.817)<0.0010.720(0.543~0.955)0.0220.623(0.471~0.823)<0.001
抑郁或焦虑否Reference
是1.057(0.706~1.554)0.7820.937(0.497~1.678)0.8331.202(0.698~2.010)0.494
心血管代谢性共病否Reference
是1.285(1.067~1.546)0.0081.523(1.167~1.987)0.0021.095(0.842~1.419)0.497
调查阶段2018—2021年Reference
2022—2025年1.605(1.328~1.943)<0.0011.394（1.062~1.836)0.0171.856(1.421~2.435)<0.001
指标类别年龄分层
≤70岁组70岁组
OR(95%CI)P值OR(95%CI)P值
年龄65~69
70~74--
75~79--
≥80--
性别男
女1.109(0.825~1.493)0.4951.361(1.078~1.720)0.010
性格特征中性
外向1.324(0.949~1.856)0.1001.075(0.827~1.400)0.587
内向1.310(0.865~1.971)0.1970.972(0.706~1.330)0.858
SES低 SES
中SES0.429(0.295~0.620)<0.0010.322(0.229~0.448)<0.001
高SES0.347(0.228~0.520)<0.0010.372(0.267~0.512)<0.001
独居否
是1.345(0.885~2.005）0.1551.544(1.183~2.009)0.001
邻里关系一般
密切0.634(0.470~0.853)0.0030.655(0.516~0.830)<0.001
吸烟否
是1.067(0.728~1.559)0.7371.248(0.915~1.701)0.161
饮酒否
是1.059(0.727~1.535)0.7630.807(0.591~1.097)0.174
饮食偏好素食为主
肉食为主0.806(0.325~1.798)0.6160.901(0.443~1.745)0.765
荤素搭配0.606(0.423~0.879)0.0070.770(0.584~1.020)0.066
体育锻炼否
是0.984(0.677~1.447)0.9320.988(0.749~1.309)0.931
智力活动否
是0.743(0.544~1.017)0.0630.626(0.485~0.806)<0.001
抑郁或焦虑否
是0.959(0.469~1.835)0.9031.099(0.669~1.767)0.703
心血管代谢性共病否
是1.517(1.126~2.039)0.0061.171(0.923~1.485)0.192
调查阶段2018—2021年
2022—2025年2.362(1.731~3.254)<0.0011.263(0.994~1.608)0.057
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老年人运动认知风险综合征流行特征及影响因素
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赵菲博 1 , 程桂荣 1, 2 , 何智超 1 , 费海诗 1 , 郭秋成 3
现代预防医学 | 健康与社会行为 2026,53(16): 3017-3023
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现代预防医学 |健康与社会行为 2026 , 53 (16) : 3017 -3023
老年人运动认知风险综合征流行特征及影响因素
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[Author(id=1311350528081227884, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350526688718941, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1311350528156725358, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350526688718941, authorId=1311350528081227884, language=EN, stringName=Fei-bo ZHAO, firstName=Fei-bo, middleName=null, lastName=ZHAO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1311350528228028527, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350526688718941, authorId=1311350528081227884, language=CN, stringName=赵菲博, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.武汉科技大学医学部，湖北 武汉 430065, bio={"content":"

赵菲博（2001—），男，硕士在读，研究方向：老年认知功能障碍

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赵菲博（2001—），男，硕士在读，研究方向：老年认知功能障碍

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赵菲博1, 程桂荣1, 2, 何智超1, 费海诗1, 郭秋成3
作者信息
  • 1.武汉科技大学医学部，湖北 武汉 430065
  • 2.武汉科技大学脑科学先进技术研究院
  • 3.湖北省肿瘤医院
通讯作者:
郭秋成，E-mail：
作者简介:

赵菲博（2001—），男，硕士在读，研究方向：老年认知功能障碍

Epidemiological characteristics and related influencing factors of motor cognitive risk syndrome in older adults
Fei-bo ZHAO1, Gui-rong CHENG1, 2, Zhi-chao HE1, Hai-shi FEI1, Qiu-cheng GUO3
Affiliations
  • Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, China
出版时间: 2026-08-25 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202602132
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摘要
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目的

调查社区≥65岁老年人运动认知风险综合征(MCR)的流行特征并分析其相关因素，为MCR早期防控提供依据。

方法

选取HMACS队列中≥65岁的5 659名社区老年人，经问卷调查、体格检查及神经心理评估判定MCR，描述其流行病学特征，多因素logistic回归分析其影响因素并进行性别、年龄分层分析。

结果

5 659名老年人中719人确诊MCR，患病率为12.71%；标化患病率为18.52%(2020年第七次人口普查)。MCR患病率随年龄增长呈上升趋势，女性(14.13%)高于男性(11.32%)，农村(30.17%)高于城市(6.72%)。校正混杂因素后，多因素logistic回归分析显示：中SES(OR=0.371，95%CI：0.289~0.474)、高SES(OR=0.361，95%CI：0.279~0.464)、邻里关系密切(OR=0.648，95%CI：0.538~0.780)、平衡饮食(OR=0.709，95%CI：0.569~0.887)及智力活动(OR=0.671，95%CI：0.551~0.817)与低MCR患病率相关。高龄、女性、独居、心血管代谢性共病与高MCR患病率相关(均P<0.05)。分层分析显示，心血管代谢性共病仅与男性高MCR患病率相关(OR=1.523，95%CI：1.167~1.987)；独居仅与女性高MCR患病率相关(OR=1.515，95%CI：1.085~2.059)。

结论

本项横断面研究显示，社区≥65岁老年人MCR患病率较高，其患病与多种社会因素、生活方式及健康因素独立相关，并呈现显著性别与年龄分层差异。因此，需对高危人群开展早期筛查，通过综合干预措施延缓MCR进展，维持老年人身心健康。

运动认知风险综合征  /  影响因素  /  社会经济地位  /  社区老年人
Objective

To investigate the prevalence characteristics of motor-cognitive risk syndrome (MCR) among community-dwelling elderly aged ≥65 and analyze its related factors, providing evidence forMCR early prevention and intervention.

Methods

A total of 5 659 community-dwelling elderly aged ≥65 years were selected from the HMACS cohort. MCR was assessed through questionnaires, physical examinations, and neuropsychological evaluations. The epidemiological characteristics were described, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify influencing factors, with stratified analysis by sex and age.

Results

Among the 5 659 older adults, 719 were diagnosed with MCR, with a crude prevalence rate of 12.71%. After standardization based on the data of the 7th National Population Census in 2020, the total standardized prevalence rate was 18.52%. The prevalence rate of MCR increased with age, which was higher in females (14.13%) than in males (11.32%), and higher in rural areas (30.17%) than in urban areas (6.72%). After adjusting for confounding factors,multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that medium SES (OR=0.371, 95%CI: 0.289-0.474), high SES (OR=0.361, 95%CI: 0.279-0.464), close neighborhood relationships (OR=0.648, 95%CI: 0.538-0.780), a balanced diet (OR=0.709, 95%CI: 0.569-0.887), and intellectual activities (OR=0.671, 95%CI: 0.551-0.817) were associated with a lower prevalence of MCR. Advanced age, female gender, living alone, and cardiometabolic comorbidities were associated with a higher prevalence of MCR (P<0.05). Stratified analysis showed that cardiovascular metabolic comorbidities were only associated with a high MCR prevalence in men (OR=1.523, 95%CI: 1.167-1.987), while living alone was only associated with a high MCR prevalence in women (OR=1.515, 95%CI: 1.085-2.059).

Conclusion

This cross-sectional study shows that the prevalence of MCR among community-dwelling elderly aged 65 and above is relatively high. Its occurrence is independently associated with various social, lifestyle, and health factors, and exhibits significant differences across gender and age strata. Therefore, early screening should be conducted for high-risk populations, and comprehensive interventions should be implemented to slow the progression of MCR and maintain the physical and mental health of the elderly.

Motor cognitive risk syndrome  /  Influencing factors  /  Socioeconomic status  /  Community-dwelling older adults
赵菲博, 程桂荣, 何智超, 费海诗, 郭秋成. 老年人运动认知风险综合征流行特征及影响因素. 现代预防医学, 2026 , 53 (16) : 3017 -3023 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202602132
Fei-bo ZHAO, Gui-rong CHENG, Zhi-chao HE, Hai-shi FEI, Qiu-cheng GUO. Epidemiological characteristics and related influencing factors of motor cognitive risk syndrome in older adults[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2026 , 53 (16) : 3017 -3023 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202602132
正文
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人口老龄化是我国重要国情，报告显示截至2024年末全国≥65岁人口达2.2亿，占总人口的15.6%［1］。中国是全球老年认知功能障碍患病人数最多的国家，已成为重大公共卫生挑战［2］。
目前痴呆尚缺乏根治手段，临床前期早发现、早干预是最经济有效的防控策略［3-4］。研究证实，主观认知下降、运动能力减弱均早于轻度认知障碍的出现［5］，2013年提出的运动认知风险综合征(Motor Cognitive Risk Syndrome，MCR)作为痴呆前期综合征，其患者进展为痴呆的风险为普通老年人的3~5倍，会加速功能衰退给家庭和社会带来沉重负担［6-7］。
现有MCR研究虽涉及社区老年人群，但不同地区、不同调查时期、不同人群的患病率差异显著，且兼顾城乡、社会经济地位分层的大样本研究仍较有限［7-8］。我国社区老年人MCR患病率存在年龄、城乡差异，且与发达国家报道不同，这可能与研究人群的年龄构成、城乡比例及社会经济地位相关。因此，开展相关研究对制定早期防控策略、降低痴呆发生率意义重大。
1　对象与方法
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1.1　研究对象
基于湖北老年记忆队列［9］(Hubei Memory and Aging Cohort Study，HMACS) 数据(注册号：ChiCTR1800019164)，选取2018—2025年湖北省武汉市(城市)和大悟县(农村)常住老年人为研究对象。纳入标准：年龄≥65岁；意识清楚能配合完成调查评估；无其他危及生命的疾病。排除标准：无法配合运动或认知评估；近3个月有重大手术或急性病发作；严重视、听障碍。最终纳入有效参与者5 659人(图1)。本研究经武汉科技大学医学伦理委员会审批(批准号：201945)，所有参与者均签署知情同意书。
1.2　研究方法
1.2.1　基本情况调查
由经过统一培训的医学专业人员完成调查，收集包括人口学资料、生活习惯、既往病史和社会支持等问卷资料并行体格检查。研究所用量表均已在国内老年人群中验证了良好的信效度，适用于本研究。
1.2.2　MCR诊断
依据《MCR中国专家共识》［7］，非痴呆人群同时满足以下3项即判定为MCR：(1)主观认知功能下降：对“是否觉得记忆力比以前下降？”回答为“是”，且无客观认知障碍；(2)运动功能减退：步速<1 m/s［10］(步行4米取均值)或简易体能状况量表得分<9分(总分0~12分，重测信度ICC>0.80)［11］；(3)日常生活能力正常：采用日常生活能力量表评估［12］，该量表Cronbach α系数为0.93，具有良好的内部一致性与结构效度，总分范围20~80分，判定标准为：<75岁者得分>23分、≥75岁者得分>25分，判定为日常生活能力障碍［13］。非痴呆状态由临床痴呆评定量表(CDR=0)判定，该量表已在中国老年人群中验证了良好的信度与效度，评定者间一致性Kappa>0.85［14］。
1.2.3　相关指标
(1)社会经济地位(socioeconomic status，SES)：结合受教育年限、主要职业声望评分［15］和目前可支配年收入构建SES综合评分，经正态性检验后标准化处理，按三分位数分为低、中、高；(2)血管代谢性共病(cardiometabolic multimorbidity，CMM)：同时患有高血压、糖尿病、冠心病、血脂异常和脑血管病中的≥2种，所有疾病均经2级及以上医疗机构确诊；(3)焦虑：采用焦虑自评量表(subjective anxiety scale，SAS)评估，量表在国内人群中Cronbach α系数为0.82［16］，总分范围 20~80分，SAS ≥50分判定为焦虑；(4)抑郁：采用15项老年抑郁量表［17］(15-item Geriatric Depression Scale，GDS-15)评估，该量表适用于老年人群抑郁筛查(Cronbach α系数为0.763［18］)总分范围0~15分，GDS-15>5分判定为抑郁；(5)邻里关系：通过询问“与邻里之间的关系如何？”分为“一般”和“密切”；(6)性格特征：采用自评方式分为中性、外向、内向；(7)饮食偏好：通过自评问卷询问“您平时的饮食习惯更偏向？”选项包括“素食为主(每周肉食<3次)、肉食为主(每天都有肉且爱吃)和荤素搭配(肉类和蔬菜均规律摄入)”；(8)体育锻炼：每周至少进行3次、每次持续半小时以上的规律锻炼(如散步、舞蹈、太极拳等)，否则判定为“无”；(9)智力活动：规律参与阅读、棋牌、书画等认知刺激性活动，每周至少1次且持续半年以上者判定为“有”。所有分析变量的测量工具、信效度依据、判定标准均明确标注，符合研究设计要求。
1.2.4　质量控制
对调查人员进行统一培训考核，现场专人督导；数据由双人双录入，异常问卷回访复核；按20%的比例抽样质控。
1.2.5　统计学方法
采用SPSS 26.0进行数据分析。(1)采用Shapiro-Wilk检验对计量资料进行正态性检验。(2)符合正态分布的以均数±标准差()表示，两组间比较采用独立样本t检验，多组间比较采用单因素方差分析；非正态分布的计量资料以中位数(四分位数间距)［M(Q1，Q3)］表示，两组间比较采用MannWhitney U检验，多组间比较采用KruskalWallis H检验。(3)计数资料以例数(百分比)［n(%)］表示，组间比较采用χ2检验。当理论频数1≤T<5时，采用校正χ2检验；当T<1或总样本量n<40时，采用Fisher确切概率法。(4)根据第七次全国人口普查数据，采用直接标化法计算MCR标准化患病率。(5)采用多因素logistic回归模型分析MCR的相关因素，纳入单因素分析中P<0.1且有专业意义的变量，并行性别和年龄的分层分析。建模前以方差膨胀因子(VIF)检验多重共线性，VIF<5提示无显著共线性。(6)研究数据源于2018—2025年共8次年度横断面调查，时间跨度较长，为控制调查周期带来的混杂影响，将调查周期分为2018—2021年和2022—2025年两个阶段，并以“调查阶段”作为二分类协变量纳入模型进行校正，以提高结果可靠性。所有统计检验均采用双侧检验，检验水准α=0.05。
2　结果
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2.1　人群基本特征
共纳入HMACS队列5 659名老年人，平均年龄71.8±5.4岁；其中女性2 789人(49.3%)，农村1 445人(25.5%)，低SES 1 887人(33.4%)，独居705人(12.5%)；吸烟1 741人(30.8%)、饮酒1 848人(32.7%)、体育锻炼4 832人(85.4%)、智力活动3 459人(61.1%)；患高血压、糖尿病、冠心病、高血脂和脑血管病者分别占52.0%、18.0%、16.5%、26.2%和18.0%；患CMM 2 083人(36.8%)，抑郁或焦虑198人(3.5%)；MCR患者719名(12.71%)，见表1。
2.2　MCR患病率及标准化患病率
总人群MCR患病率为12.71%并随年龄增长呈上升趋势：65~69岁为9.40%，70~74岁为12.17%，≥75岁为18.34%。不同人群患病率差异显著：农村(30.17%)高于城市(6.72%)，女性(14.13%)高于男性(11.32%)，低SES(23.52%)高于中高SES(7.24%和7.92%)，独居、邻里关系一般、无智力活动、合并CMM、素食为主者患病率均高于对应人群(均P<0.05，表1)。以第七次全国人口普查数据标准化后，≥65岁非痴呆人群标化患病率为18.52%。其中，女性(21.80%)高于男性(14.90%)；农村(31.22%)高于城市(7.08%)；标化患病率随年龄升高而上升，65~69岁、70~75岁、≥75岁分别为15.02%、16.91%、23.58%。
2.3　MCR相关因素
在校正年龄、性别、性格特征、吸烟、饮酒、抑郁或焦虑、调查阶段等因素后，采用多因素logistic回归分析SES、独居、邻里关系、饮食偏好、体育锻炼、智力活动及CMM与MCR的关联。结果显示：女性(OR=1.264，95%CI：1.052~1.519)、75~79岁(OR=1.750，95%CI：1.366~2.239)、≥80岁(OR=2.021，95%CI：1.498~2.714)、独居(OR=1.442，95%CI：1.154~1.795)、合并CMM(OR=1.285，95%CI：1.067~1.546)均与高MCR患病率相关(均P<0.05)；中SES(OR=0.371，95%CI：0.289~0.474)、高SES(OR=0.361，95%CI：0.279~0.464)、邻里关系密切(OR=0.648，95%CI：0.538~0.780)、平衡饮食-荤素搭配(OR=0.709，95%CI：0.569~0.887)和智力活动(OR=0.671，95%CI：0.551~0.817)与低MCR患病率相关(均P<0.05)，见表2。
2.4　性别和年龄分层的MCR相关因素
性别分层显示，高龄、低SES在两性中均与高MCR患病率相关，邻里关系密切和智力活动与低MCR患病率相关；但女性独居(OR=1.515，95%CI：1.085~2.059)、男性合并CMM(OR=1.523，95%CI：1.167~1.987)与高MCR患病率相关，男性平衡饮食(OR=0.668，95%CI：0.487~0.923)与低MCR患病率相关(均P<0.05)。年龄分层显示，中、高SES，邻里关系密切和智力活动均与低MCR患病率相关；≤70岁人群合并CMM(OR=1.517，95%CI：1.126~2.039)与高MCR患病率相关，平衡饮食(OR=0.606，95%CI：0.423~0.879)与低MCR患病率相关(均P<0.05)；而>70岁人群CMM和平衡饮食与MCR的关联均无统计学意义，见表2。
3　讨论
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本研究显示社区≥65岁非痴呆老年人MCR粗患病率为12.71%，标准化患病率为18.52%，且存在显著人群差异；高龄、低SES、合并CMM均与高MCR患病率相关，平衡饮食和智力活动与低MCR患病率相关。
本研究中MCR标化患病率高于马丽娜等全国多中心≥60岁社区人群研究的患病率(12.8%)［7］；也高于Wu J等基于中国健康与退休纵向研究中≥60岁社区老年人的患病率(11.3%)［19］，这是因为MCR的患病率随年龄的增高而增加。城市社区标化患病率(7.08%)低于复旦大学团队报告的9%［20］；农村社区标化患病率(31.22%)高于杜怡峰团队报告的13.58%［21］。总体而言，本研究MCR患病率高于美国(7.0%)、日本(6.3%)和欧洲(8.0%)等发达地区，而与加拿大(18.2%)的报道相近［22-23］。上述差异可能源于研究人群的年龄构成、城乡比例和社会经济地位的差异。
此外，本研究发现2022—2025年调查阶段与较高的MCR患病率独立相关(OR=1.605，95%CI：1.328~1.943)，提示MCR的患病情况存在时间趋势。这可能与COVID-19大流行导致的长期社会隔离、体力活动减少及医疗可及性下降有关［24］。同时也可能反映了人群队列自然衰老所伴随的功能衰退现象。因此，在解读社区老年人MCR的流行特征时须充分考虑宏观社会环境变化与个体生物学衰老的共同作用。未来研究可进一步区分年龄、时期与队列效应，更精准揭示MCR长期变化规律。
本研究明确的MCR影响因素与既往研究基本一致［19］，高龄、低SES、合并CMM与高MCR患病率相关；邻里关系密切、平衡饮食、智力活动与低MCR患病率相关。其作用机制可从多维度解析：高龄通过神经退行性变和躯体功能衰退的协同作用加剧风险［5］；低SES通过限制教育、医疗和健康行为，多路径损害认知与运动功能［25-26］；CMM则通过损害脑血管与运动神经通路，形成“共病-功能衰退”的恶性循环［27-28］。而邻里关系密切可为老年人提供情感支持、日常帮助及健康信息共享，同时促进户外活动和社交参与间接维护运动与认知功能［29］。本研究中平衡饮食-荤素搭配的保护作用(有助于延缓肌肉衰减、改善血管内皮功能及减轻神经炎症)提示早期营养干预对MCR防控的重要意义［30］。此外，智力活动在所有亚组中均呈稳健的保护作用，印证了“认知储备”理论，即通过刺激神经突触再生、增强神经网络连接来代偿神经退行损伤，打破了认知与运动的协同衰退进而降低MCR发病风险［31］。
本研究中MCR患病率和相关因素存在显著性别差异：独居与女性高MCR患病率相关；平衡饮食与男性低MCR患病率相关。核心原因与男女两性生理衰老差异、社会支持模式及饮食偏好的性别异质性相关。女性绝经后雌激素水平骤降，而雌激素作为大脑功能的重要保护因子，不仅能抑制神经细胞凋亡、维持海马体体积稳定，还能促进肌肉蛋白合成、延缓肌力流失，这些机制共同导致了老年女性在MCR相关认知与运动功能衰退中面临更高风险［32-33］。此外女性的平均预期寿命长于男性，高龄女性中独居、失能、慢性疾病多重叠加的比例更高进一步加剧了风险差异。杜怡峰团队也发现，高龄女性MCR患病率的年龄增幅显著高于男性［21］。独居对女性MCR的风险效应，本质是生理衰退叠加社会支持缺失的协同作用，独居女性缺乏日常社交与认知刺激，孤独情绪加剧神经功能损伤，与雌激素缺乏的负面影响形成叠加，进一步升高患病风险［34-35］；而平衡饮食与男性低MCR患病率的关联，与男性饮食结构易失衡、多元营养补充对血管与神经功能的改善作用更显著相关，相比之下女性饮食相对均衡［36］。提示MCR干预需采取性别差异化策略：重点关注高龄独居女性的社会支持与认知刺激，加强男性慢病管理与膳食均衡指导。
本研究明确了社区老年人MCR的高发人群及关键影响因素，为构建社区防控模式提供了依据。但本研究也存在局限性：横断面设计无法明确因果；样本仅来自HMACS队列，代表性有限；部分指标依赖主观报告。未来需开展前瞻性多中心研究并纳入生物学标志物，以进一步验证因果关联并指导精准干预。
基金
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  • 脑科学与类脑研究国家科技重大专项(2022ZD0211600)
文献
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202602132
  • 接收时间：2026-02-11
  • 首发时间：2026-09-28
  • 出版时间：2026-08-25
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  • 收稿日期：2026-02-11
基金
脑科学与类脑研究国家科技重大专项(2022ZD0211600)
作者信息
    1.武汉科技大学医学部，湖北 武汉 430065
    2.武汉科技大学脑科学先进技术研究院
    3.湖北省肿瘤医院

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species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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