Article(id=1311350391397253289, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1311350363295417204, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202603326, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1773936000000, receivedDateStr=2026-03-20, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1790579897021, onlineDateStr=2026-09-28, pubDate=1787587200000, pubDateStr=2026-08-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1790579897021, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-09-28, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1790579897021, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1790579897021, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1311350363295417204, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2026', volume='53', issue='16', pageStart='2881', pageEnd='3072', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1787587200000', pubDateStr='2026-08-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1790579890321, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1790584112451, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1311368072267653663, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1311350363295417204, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1311368072267653664, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1311350363295417204, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=3056, endPage=3063, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1311350391598579882, articleId=1311350391397253289, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Effects of different exercise interventions on major outcomes in older adults with sarcopenia and frailty: A network meta-analysis, columnId=1228016569138213037, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Clinical Medicine and Prevention, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To systematically compare the relative effects of different exercise interventions on grip strength, timed up and go test (TUGT), balance function, and skeletal muscle mass in older adults with sarcopenia and frailty.

Methods

PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CINAHL, CNKI, Wanfang Data, and VIP Database were searched from inception to January 17, 2026 for randomized controlled trials. A random-effects network meta-analysis was conducted to estimate standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs).

Results

Nineteen randomized controlled trials were included (18 entered the network meta-analysis), involving 1 838 participants. For grip strength, active resistance/strength-endurance training showed the greatest benefit [SMD=1.18, 95%CI (0.75 to 1.61)], followed by mixed intensive training; Yijinjing and Baduanjin were superior to education/attention control. After TUGT stratification, some single and mixed interventions showed statistically significant effects, but the confidence intervals were wide. No stable evidence of superiority was observed for balance function or skeletal muscle mass.

Conclusion

The effects of different exercise interventions were outcome-specific. Current evidence supports active resistance/strength-endurance training for improving grip strength. For TUGT, some single or mixed interventions may confer benefit, but these findings should be interpreted only within their respective subnetworks. Stable evidence is still lacking for balance function and skeletal muscle mass.

, authors=Jun-hao HE1, Jia-yi YAO2, Hao-zhe WANG2, Yong-liang ZHU3, Jun-cheng LONG2, Xue-cui BI1, authorsList=Jun-hao HE, Jia-yi YAO, Hao-zhe WANG, Yong-liang ZHU, Jun-cheng LONG, Xue-cui BI, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Xue-cui BI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1311350392529715378, articleId=1311350391397253289, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=CN, title=不同运动干预对肌少症及衰弱老年人主要结局的影响:网状Meta分析, columnId=1228016570119680182, journalTitle=现代预防医学, columnName=临床与预防, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

系统比较不同运动干预对肌少症及衰弱老年人握力、起立行走计时测试(TUGT)、平衡功能及骨骼肌质量的相对效果。

方法

检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、CINAHL、中国知网、万方和维普数据库,纳入建库至2026年1月17日发表的随机对照试验,采用随机效应网状Meta分析计算标准化均数差(SMD)及95%置信区间(95%CI)。

结果

共纳入19项随机对照试验(18项进入网状Meta分析),涉及1 838例受试者。握力结局中,主动抗阻/力量耐力训练效果最佳[SMD=1.18,95%CI(0.75~1.61)],混合强化训练次之;易筋经和八段锦优于教育/注意力对照。TUGT拆分后,部分单一或混合干预差异有统计学意义,但估计区间较宽。平衡功能和骨骼肌质量均未见稳定优效证据。

结论

不同运动干预的作用具有结局特异性。现有证据支持主动抗阻/力量耐力训练改善握力;TUGT方面,部分单一或混合干预可能具有改善优势,但该结果仅限各自子网络内部解释;平衡功能和骨骼肌质量尚缺乏稳定优效证据。

, authors=何君豪1, 姚佳壹2, 王浩喆2, 朱永亮3, 龙君成2, 毕学翠1, authorsList=何君豪, 姚佳壹, 王浩喆, 朱永亮, 龙君成, 毕学翠, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=毕学翠, authorNote=

何君豪(1997—),男,硕士在读,研究方向:运动训练理论与实践

, correspAuthorsNote=
毕学翠,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=FLHrbqw5383wbG2DtSVkYQ==, magXml=C7qyKs3pwr1e5zQRZUpPUg==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=irSxo+bjjX2xfLzxg8JLjw==, pdfFileSize=1321845, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=UT1LWJo/6wCvmuFwIFmF6w==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=Fd1e+G7+9UBGNQVFUU39Og==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1311350393045614779, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1311350393137889469, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, authorId=1311350393045614779, language=EN, stringName=Jun-hao HE, firstName=Jun-hao, middleName=null, lastName=HE, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=School of Physical Education and Training, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing 100191, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1311350393200804030, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, authorId=1311350393045614779, language=CN, stringName=何君豪, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.首都体育学院体育教育训练学院,北京 100191, bio={"content":"

何君豪(1997—),男,硕士在读,研究方向:运动训练理论与实践

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

何君豪(1997—),男,硕士在读,研究方向:运动训练理论与实践

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1311350392735236275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311350392747819188, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, companyId=1311350392735236275, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Physical Education and Training, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing 100191, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311350392756207797, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, companyId=1311350392735236275, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.首都体育学院体育教育训练学院,北京 100191)])]), Author(id=1311350393288884416, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1311350393368576194, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, authorId=1311350393288884416, language=EN, stringName=Jia-yi YAO, firstName=Jia-yi, middleName=null, lastName=YAO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1311350393439879363, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, authorId=1311350393288884416, language=CN, stringName=姚佳壹, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.中国矿业大学体育学院, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1311350392844288182, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311350392852676791, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, companyId=1311350392844288182, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.中国矿业大学体育学院)])]), Author(id=1311350393506988229, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1311350393595068615, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, authorId=1311350393506988229, language=EN, stringName=Hao-zhe WANG, firstName=Hao-zhe, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1311350397093118152, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, authorId=1311350393506988229, language=CN, stringName=王浩喆, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.中国矿业大学体育学院, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1311350392844288182, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311350392852676791, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, companyId=1311350392844288182, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.中国矿业大学体育学院)])]), Author(id=1311350397177004234, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1311350397269278924, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, authorId=1311350397177004234, language=EN, stringName=Yong-liang ZHU, firstName=Yong-liang, middleName=null, lastName=ZHU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1311350397374136525, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, authorId=1311350397177004234, language=CN, stringName=朱永亮, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3.山东体育学院研究生教育学院, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1311350392928174264, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311350392936562873, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, companyId=1311350392928174264, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.山东体育学院研究生教育学院)])]), Author(id=1311350397453828303, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1311350397533520081, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, authorId=1311350397453828303, language=EN, stringName=Jun-cheng LONG, firstName=Jun-cheng, middleName=null, lastName=LONG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1311350397621600466, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, authorId=1311350397453828303, language=CN, stringName=龙君成, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.中国矿业大学体育学院, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1311350392844288182, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311350392852676791, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, companyId=1311350392844288182, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.中国矿业大学体育学院)])]), Author(id=1311350397713875156, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=bixuecui@cupes.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1311350397801955542, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, authorId=1311350397713875156, language=EN, stringName=Xue-cui BI, firstName=Xue-cui, middleName=null, lastName=BI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=School of Physical Education and Training, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing 100191, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1311350397869064407, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, authorId=1311350397713875156, language=CN, stringName=毕学翠, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.首都体育学院体育教育训练学院,北京 100191, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1311350392735236275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311350392747819188, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, companyId=1311350392735236275, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Physical Education and Training, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing 100191, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311350392756207797, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, companyId=1311350392735236275, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.首都体育学院体育教育训练学院,北京 100191)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1311350397961339096, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=Sarcopenia), Keyword(id=1311350398032642265, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=Frailty), Keyword(id=1311350398095556826, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=Aged), Keyword(id=1311350398162665691, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=Exercise Therapy), Keyword(id=1311350398229774556, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=Network Meta-analysis), Keyword(id=1311350399865553117, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=肌少症), Keyword(id=1311350399957827806, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=衰弱), Keyword(id=1311350400029130975, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=老年人), Keyword(id=1311350400096239840, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=运动干预), Keyword(id=1311350400163348705, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=网状Meta分析)], refs=[Reference(id=1311350401832681710, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=48, issue=1, pageStart=16, pageEnd=31, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Bahat G, Bauer J, journalName=Age and Ageing, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Bahat G, Bauer J, et al. Sarcopenia: revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis[J]. Age and Ageing, 2019, 48(1): 16-31., articleTitle=Sarcopenia: revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311350401924956399, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=21, issue=3, pageStart=300, pageEnd=307. e2, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=1, authorNames=Chen LK, Woo J, Assantachai P, journalName=Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Chen LK, Woo J, Assantachai P, et al. Asian working group for sarcopenia: 2019 consensus update on sarcopenia diagnosis and treatment[J]. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 2020, 21(3): 300-307. e2., articleTitle=Asian working group for sarcopenia: 2019 consensus update on sarcopenia diagnosis and treatment, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311350402004648176, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2001, volume=56, issue=3, pageStart=M146, pageEnd=M156, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=2, authorNames=Fried LP, Tangen CM, Walston J, journalName=The Journals of Gerontology: Series a, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Fried LP, Tangen CM, Walston J, et al. Frailty in older adults: evidence for a phenotype[J]. The Journals of Gerontology: Series a, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 2001, 56(3): M146-M156., articleTitle=Frailty in older adults: evidence for a phenotype, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311350402126282993, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=25, issue=7, pageStart=824, pageEnd=853, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=3, authorNames=Izquierdo M, Merchant RA, Morley JE, journalName=Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Izquierdo M, Merchant RA, Morley JE, et al. International exercise recommendations in older adults (ICFSR): expert consensus guidelines[J]. Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging, 2021, 25(7): 824-853., articleTitle=International exercise recommendations in older adults (ICFSR): expert consensus guidelines, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311350402214363378, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=22, issue=10, pageStart=1148, pageEnd=1161, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=4, authorNames=Dent E, Morley JE, Cruz-Jentoft AJ, journalName=Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Dent E, Morley JE, Cruz-Jentoft AJ, et al. International clinical practice guidelines for sarcopenia (ICFSR): screening, diagnosis and management[J]. Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging, 2018, 22(10): 1148-1161., articleTitle=International clinical practice guidelines for sarcopenia (ICFSR): screening, diagnosis and management, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311350402335998195, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=33, issue=8, pageStart=2019, pageEnd=2052, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=5, authorNames=Fragala MS, Cadore EL, Dorgo S, journalName=Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Fragala MS, Cadore EL, Dorgo S, et al. Resistance training for older adults: position statement from the national strength and conditioning association[J]. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 2019, 33(8): 2019-2052., articleTitle=Resistance training for older adults: position statement from the national strength and conditioning association, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311350402428272884, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=82, issue=2, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=6, authorNames=Huang CY, Mayer PK, Wu MY, journalName=Ageing Research Reviews, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Huang CY, Mayer PK, Wu MY, et al. The effect of Tai Chi in elderly individuals with sarcopenia and frailty: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials[J]. Ageing Research Reviews, 2022, 82(2): 101747., articleTitle=The effect of Tai Chi in elderly individuals with sarcopenia and frailty: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311350402579267829, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=16, issue=2, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=7, authorNames=Niu K, Liu YL, Yang F, journalName=Frontiers in Neuroscience, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Niu K, Liu YL, Yang F, et al. Efficacy of traditional Chinese exercise for sarcopenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials[J]. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 2022, 16(2): 1094054., articleTitle=Efficacy of traditional Chinese exercise for sarcopenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311350402688319734, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=11, issue=1, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=8, authorNames=Zhang XP, Jiang WD, Chen ZQ, journalName=Front Med (Lausanne), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang XP, Jiang WD, Chen ZQ, et al. Effects of Yijinjing on enhancing muscle strength and physical performance in older individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Front Med (Lausanne), 2024, 11(1): 1441858., articleTitle=Effects of Yijinjing on enhancing muscle strength and physical performance in older individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311350402809954551, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=15, issue=1, pageStart=58, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=9, authorNames=Rücker G, Schwarzer G, journalName=BMC Medical Research Methodology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Rücker G, Schwarzer G. Ranking treatments in frequentist network meta-analysis works without resampling methods[J]. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 2015, 15(1): 58., articleTitle=Ranking treatments in frequentist network meta-analysis works without resampling methods, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311350404424761592, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=3, issue=2, pageStart=161, pageEnd=176, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=10, authorNames=Chaimani A, Salanti G, journalName=Research Synthesis Methods, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Chaimani A, Salanti G. Using network meta-analysis to evaluate the existence of small-study effects in a network of interventions[J]. Research Synthesis Methods, 2012, 3(2): 161-176., articleTitle=Using network meta-analysis to evaluate the existence of small-study effects in a network of interventions, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311350404496064761, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=17, issue=4, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=11, authorNames=Nikolakopoulou A, Higgins J, Papakonstantinou T, journalName=PLOS Medicine, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Nikolakopoulou A, Higgins J, Papakonstantinou T, et al. CINeMA: an approach for assessing confidence in the results of a network meta-analysis[J]. PLOS Medicine, 2020, 17(4): e1003082., articleTitle=CINeMA: an approach for assessing confidence in the results of a network meta-analysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311350404567367930, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=16, issue=6, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=12, authorNames=Wu K, Chen X, Long K, journalName=Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wu K, Chen X, Long K, et al. Efficacy of Baduanjin exercise for sarcopenia in older adults: a 24-week randomized controlled trial[J]. Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle, 2025, 16(6): e70163., articleTitle=Efficacy of Baduanjin exercise for sarcopenia in older adults: a 24-week randomized controlled trial, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311350404634476795, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=41, issue=3, pageStart=399, pageEnd=404, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=13, authorNames=张涛, 马天翼, 骆丽, journalName=南京中医药大学学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张涛,马天翼,骆丽,等.易筋经对老年肌少症患者肌肉力量及慢性炎症的影响[J].南京中医药大学学报,2025,41(3):399-404., articleTitle=易筋经对老年肌少症患者肌肉力量及慢性炎症的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311350404714168572, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=41, issue=3, pageStart=399, pageEnd=404, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=14, authorNames=Zhang T, Ma TY, Luo L, journalName=Journal of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang T, Ma TY, Luo L, et al. Effect of Yijinjing on muscle strength and chronic inflammation in elderly patients with sarcopenia[J]. Journal of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2025, 41(3): 399-404.(In Chinese), articleTitle=Effect of Yijinjing on muscle strength and chronic inflammation in elderly patients with sarcopenia, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311350404781277437, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=21, issue=1, pageStart=28, pageEnd=39, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=15, authorNames=Tou NX, Goh SF, Harding S, journalName=European Review of Aging and Physical Activity, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Tou NX, Goh SF, Harding S, et al. Effectiveness of community-based Baduanjin exercise intervention for older adults with varying frailty status: a randomized controlled trial[J]. European Review of Aging and Physical Activity, 2024, 21(1): 28-39., articleTitle=Effectiveness of community-based Baduanjin exercise intervention for older adults with varying frailty status: a randomized controlled trial, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311350404865163518, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=27, issue=10, pageStart=894, pageEnd=902, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=16, authorNames=Wei M, He S, Meng D, journalName=The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wei M, He S, Meng D, et al. Hybrid exercise program enhances physical fitness and reverses frailty in older adults: insights and predictions from machine learning[J]. The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging, 2023, 27(10): 894-902., articleTitle=Hybrid exercise program enhances physical fitness and reverses frailty in older adults: insights and predictions from machine learning, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311350404949049599, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=38, issue=7, pageStart=430, pageEnd=433, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=17, authorNames=黄墩兵, 林忠华, 姜财, journalName=中国康复, refType=null, unstructuredReference=黄墩兵,林忠华,姜财,等.全身振动训练联合八段锦运动对老年肌少症患者姿势稳定性的影响[J].中国康复,2023,38(7):430-433., articleTitle=全身振动训练联合八段锦运动对老年肌少症患者姿势稳定性的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311350405020352768, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=38, issue=7, pageStart=430, pageEnd=433, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=18, authorNames=Huang DB, Lin ZH, Jiang C, journalName=Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Huang DB, Lin ZH, Jiang C, et al. Effects of whole-body vibration training combined with Baduanjin exercise on postural stability in elderly patients with sarcopenia[J]. Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation, 2023, 38(7): 430-433.(In Chinese), articleTitle=Effects of whole-body vibration training combined with Baduanjin exercise on postural stability in elderly patients with sarcopenia, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311350405087461633, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=19, issue=17, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=19, authorNames=Wang ZY, Meng DY, He SC, journalName=International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang ZY, Meng DY, He SC, et al. The effectiveness of a hybrid exercise program on the physical fitness of frail elderly[J]. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2022, 19(17): 11063., articleTitle=The effectiveness of a hybrid exercise program on the physical fitness of frail elderly, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311350405179736322, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=9, issue=1, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=20, authorNames=Li ZR, Ma YJ, Zhuang J, journalName=Front Med (Lausanne), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li ZR, Ma YJ, Zhuang J, et al. Ditangquan exercises based on safe-landing strategies prevent falls and injury among older individuals with sarcopenia[J]. Front Med (Lausanne), 2022, 9(1): 936314., articleTitle=Ditangquan exercises based on safe-landing strategies prevent falls and injury among older individuals with sarcopenia, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311350405246845187, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=19, issue=12, pageStart=6988, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=21, authorNames=Meng DY, Guo HZ, Liang SY, journalName=International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Meng DY, Guo HZ, Liang SY, et al. Effectiveness of a hybrid exercise program on the physical abilities of frail elderly and explainable artificial-intelligence-based clinical assistance[J]. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2022, 19(12): 6988., articleTitle=Effectiveness of a hybrid exercise program on the physical abilities of frail elderly and explainable artificial-intelligence-based clinical assistance, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311350405318148356, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=9, issue=1, pageStart=104, pageEnd=112, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=22, authorNames=Jiayuan Z, Xiang-Zi J, Li-Na M, journalName=The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer’s Disease, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Jiayuan Z, Xiang-Zi J, Li-Na M, et al. Effects of mindfulness-based Tai Chi Chuan on physical performance and cognitive function among cognitive frailty older adults: a six-month follow-up of a randomized controlled trial[J]. The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer’s Disease, 2022, 9(1): 104-112., articleTitle=Effects of mindfulness-based Tai Chi Chuan on physical performance and cognitive function among cognitive frailty older adults: a six-month follow-up of a randomized controlled trial, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311350405376868613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=13, issue=17, pageStart=21, pageEnd=26, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=23, authorNames=彭天忠, 朱满华, 林星镇, journalName=按摩与康复医学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=彭天忠,朱满华,林星镇,等.新编易筋经锻炼对老年肌少症患者下肢运动功能和平衡功能的影响[J].按摩与康复医学,2022,13(17):21-26., articleTitle=新编易筋经锻炼对老年肌少症患者下肢运动功能和平衡功能的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311350405431394566, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=13, issue=17, pageStart=21, pageEnd=26, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=24, authorNames=Peng TZ, Zhu MH, Lin XZ, journalName=Chinese Manipulation & Rehabilitation Medicine, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Peng TZ, Zhu MH, Lin XZ, et al. Effect of new Yijinjing exercise on lower limb motor function and balance function in senile patients with sarcopenia[J]. Chinese Manipulation & Rehabilitation Medicine, 2022, 13(17): 21-26.(In Chinese), articleTitle=Effect of new Yijinjing exercise on lower limb motor function and balance function in senile patients with sarcopenia, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311350405502697735, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=18, issue=6, pageStart=3165, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=25, authorNames=Morawin B, Tylutka A, Chmielowiec J, journalName=International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Morawin B, Tylutka A, Chmielowiec J, et al. Circulating mediators of apoptosis and inflammation in aging: physical exercise intervention[J]. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2021, 18(6): 3165., articleTitle=Circulating mediators of apoptosis and inflammation in aging: physical exercise intervention, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311350405582389512, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=41, issue=6, pageStart=27, pageEnd=28, 30, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=26, authorNames=周苏坡, 邹颖, 孙小斐, journalName=体育科技, refType=null, unstructuredReference=周苏坡,邹颖,孙小斐,等.八段锦预防老年肌少症人群跌倒的研究[J].体育科技,2020,41(6):27-28, 30., articleTitle=八段锦预防老年肌少症人群跌倒的研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311350405653692681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=41, issue=6, pageStart=27, pageEnd=28, 30, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=27, authorNames=Zhou SP, Zou Y, Sun XF, journalName=Sport Science and Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhou SP, Zou Y, Sun XF, et al. Research on Baduanjin for preventing falls in elderly patients with sarcopenia[J]. Sport Science and Technology, 2020, 41(6): 27-28, 30.(In Chinese), articleTitle=Research on Baduanjin for preventing falls in elderly patients with sarcopenia, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311350405741773066, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2006, volume=61, issue=2, pageStart=184, pageEnd=189, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=28, authorNames=Wolf SL, O’Grady M, Easley KA, journalName=The Journals of Gerontology: Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wolf SL, O’Grady M, Easley KA, et al. The influence of intense Tai Chi training on physical performance and hemodynamic outcomes in transitionally frail, older adults[J]. The Journals of Gerontology: Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 2006, 61(2): 184-189., articleTitle=The influence of intense Tai Chi training on physical performance and hemodynamic outcomes in transitionally frail, older adults, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311350405821464843, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=2013, issue=2, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=29, authorNames=Tsang HWH, Lee JLC, Au DWH, journalName=Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Tsang HWH, Lee JLC, Au DWH, et al. Developing and testing the effectiveness of a novel health qigong for frail elders in Hong Kong: a preliminary study[J]. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2013, 2013(2): 827392., articleTitle=Developing and testing the effectiveness of a novel health qigong for frail elders in Hong Kong: a preliminary study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311350405968265484, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=48, issue=1, pageStart=76, pageEnd=87, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=30, authorNames=Saravanakumar P, Higgins IJ, Van DRJ, journalName=Contemporary Nurse, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Saravanakumar P, Higgins IJ, Van DRJ, et al. The influence of Tai Chi and yoga on balance and falls in a residential care setting: a randomised controlled trial[J]. Contemporary Nurse, 2014, 48(1): 76-87., articleTitle=The influence of Tai Chi and yoga on balance and falls in a residential care setting: a randomised controlled trial, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311350406098288909, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=17, issue=8, pageStart=1388, pageEnd=1391, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[28], rfOrder=31, authorNames=朱高峰, 罗开涛, 沈志方, journalName=中华全科医学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=朱高峰,罗开涛,沈志方,等.推拿功法易筋经对老年骨骼肌减少症者肌力的影响[J].中华全科医学,2019,17(8):1388-1391., articleTitle=推拿功法易筋经对老年骨骼肌减少症者肌力的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311350406177980686, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=17, issue=8, pageStart=1388, pageEnd=1391, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[28], rfOrder=32, authorNames=Zhu GF, Luo KT, Shen ZF, journalName=Chinese Journal of General Practice, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhu GF, Luo KT, Shen ZF, et al. Effect of Yijinjing on muscle strength of senile patients with sarcopenia[J]. Chinese Journal of General Practice, 2019, 17(8): 1388-1391.(In Chinese), articleTitle=Effect of Yijinjing on muscle strength of senile patients with sarcopenia, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311350406253478159, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=16, issue=3, pageStart=273, pageEnd=282, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[29], rfOrder=33, authorNames=Zhu YQ, Peng N, Zhou M, journalName=European Journal of Ageing, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhu YQ, Peng N, Zhou M, et al. Tai Chi and whole-body vibrating therapy in sarcopenic men in advanced old age: a clinical randomized controlled trial[J]. European Journal of Ageing, 2019, 16(3): 273-282., articleTitle=Tai Chi and whole-body vibrating therapy in sarcopenic men in advanced old age: a clinical randomized controlled trial, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311350406345752848, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=35, issue=3, pageStart=319, pageEnd=323, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=34, authorNames=方磊, 李振瑞, 陶旭辰, journalName=中国康复医学杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=方磊,李振瑞,陶旭辰,等.易筋经对老年骨骼肌减少症平衡障碍患者跌倒风险影响的临床研究[J].中国康复医学杂志,2020,35(3):319-323., articleTitle=易筋经对老年骨骼肌减少症平衡障碍患者跌倒风险影响的临床研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311350406425444625, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=35, issue=3, pageStart=319, pageEnd=323, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=35, authorNames=Fang L, Li ZR, Tao XC, journalName=Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Fang L, Li ZR, Tao XC, et al. Effects of Yijinjing on the risk of falling of sarcopenia and disequilibrium elderly[J]. Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, 2020, 35(3): 319-323.(In Chinese), articleTitle=Effects of Yijinjing on the risk of falling of sarcopenia and disequilibrium elderly, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311350406496747794, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=40, issue=3, pageStart=563, pageEnd=566, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[31], rfOrder=36, authorNames=戈玉杰, 吴庆文, 高志鹏, journalName=中国老年学杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=戈玉杰,吴庆文,高志鹏,等.简式太极拳训练对老年衰弱前期衰弱水平和平衡能力的影响[J].中国老年学杂志,2020,40(3):563-566., articleTitle=简式太极拳训练对老年衰弱前期衰弱水平和平衡能力的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311350406572245267, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=40, issue=3, pageStart=563, pageEnd=566, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[31], rfOrder=37, authorNames=Ge YJ, Wu QW, Gao ZP, journalName=Chinese Journal of Gerontology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ge YJ, Wu QW, Gao ZP, et al. Effects of simplified Tai Chi training on frailty level and balance ability in prefrail older adults[J]. Chinese Journal of Gerontology, 2020, 40(3): 563-566.(In Chinese), articleTitle=Effects of simplified Tai Chi training on frailty level and balance ability in prefrail older adults, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1311350392735236275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311350392747819188, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, companyId=1311350392735236275, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Physical Education and Training, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing 100191, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311350392756207797, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, companyId=1311350392735236275, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.首都体育学院体育教育训练学院,北京 100191)]), AuthorCompany(id=1311350392844288182, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311350392852676791, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, companyId=1311350392844288182, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.中国矿业大学体育学院)]), AuthorCompany(id=1311350392928174264, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311350392936562873, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, companyId=1311350392928174264, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.山东体育学院研究生教育学院)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1311350400276594914, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=PRISMA 2020 flow diagram of study selection, figureFileSmall=Y1G20/NEbQP+zJYatk5WGw==, figureFileBig=UT1LWJo/6wCvmuFwIFmF6w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311350400352092387, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, language=CN, label=图1, caption=PRISMA 2020文献筛选流程, figureFileSmall=Y1G20/NEbQP+zJYatk5WGw==, figureFileBig=UT1LWJo/6wCvmuFwIFmF6w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311350400704413924, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Risk-of-bias assessment results of included studies (A: overall risk-of-bias bar plot; B: domain-specific risk-of-bias traffic-light plot), figureFileSmall=NnfRta7aXtZqPOxoZR4YQQ==, figureFileBig=1y33MFDgtcAKQwMbWIslbg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311350400779911397, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, language=CN, label=图2, caption=纳入研究偏倚风险评价结果(A:总体偏倚风险条形图;B:各研究分领域偏倚风险交通灯图)

注:D1,随机化过程;D2,偏离预期干预;D3,结局数据缺失;D4,结局测量;D5,选择性报告;Overall,总体偏倚风险。绿色“+”表示低风险,黄色“-”表示一定关注。采用RoB 2工具评价。

, figureFileSmall=NnfRta7aXtZqPOxoZR4YQQ==, figureFileBig=1y33MFDgtcAKQwMbWIslbg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311350400863797478, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Network plots of different exercise interventions for major outcomes in older adults with sarcopenia and frailty, figureFileSmall=BY7DZ2YRi2Xn9rTlthC9fQ==, figureFileBig=hAp01egYWy+PemYG1raiJQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311350400947683559, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, language=CN, label=图3, caption=不同运动干预对老年肌少症及衰弱患者主要结局的治疗网状图

注:A:握力(GS);B:TUGT—单一干预子网络;C:TUGT—混合干预子网络;D:平衡功能(BBS/FRT);E:骨骼肌质量(MM)。节点表示干预或对照,大小与累计样本量成正比;连线表示直接比较,粗细与研究数量成正比。AEX:主动抗阻/力量耐力训练(Active Exercise Strength/Endurance Training);EAC:教育/注意力对照(Education/Attention Control);PMC:被动/最小干预对照(Passive/Minimal Control),其余干预缩写同表1。

, figureFileSmall=BY7DZ2YRi2Xn9rTlthC9fQ==, figureFileBig=hAp01egYWy+PemYG1raiJQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311350401031569640, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Basic characteristics of included studies

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
作者与年份样本量
(总计/干预组/对照组)
干预措施周期结局指标
Wu 2025[13]90/45/45BDJ24周GS; MM
张涛 2025[14]120/60/60YJJ12周GS; MM
戈玉杰 2020[31]65/32/33TC8周FRT
Morawin 2021[23]80/40/40TC40周GS; MM
Tou 2024[15]56/29/27BDJ16周GS; TUGT
Wolf 2006[25]311/158/153TC48周FRT
黄墩兵 2023[17]51/18/17/16BDJ;CWBV12周TUGT
Wei 2023[16]163/52/54/57WQX;MIX-I24周GS; TUGT
Wang 2022[18]171/57/57/57BDJ;MIX-I24周GS; TUGT
Meng 2022[20]150/50/50/50TC;MIX-I24周GS; TUGT
Li 2022[19]70/35/35DTQ24周TUGT
Jiayuan 2022[21]91/30/31/30MI;TC;MIX-M24周GS; TUGT
彭天忠 2022[22]77/39/38YJJ8周BBS
周苏坡 2020[24]40/20/20BDJ8周GS; TUGT; BBS
方磊 2020[30]36/18/18YJJ24周TUGT
Saravanakumar 2014[27]33/11/11/11TC-A;YG-A14周BBS
Tsang 2013[26]116/61/55QG12周GS; TUGT
Zhu 2019[29]55/28/27TC;WBV8周GS; MM
朱高峰 2019[28]63/32/31YJJ12周GS
), ArticleFig(id=1311350401178370281, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

纳入研究基本特征

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
作者与年份样本量
(总计/干预组/对照组)
干预措施周期结局指标
Wu 2025[13]90/45/45BDJ24周GS; MM
张涛 2025[14]120/60/60YJJ12周GS; MM
戈玉杰 2020[31]65/32/33TC8周FRT
Morawin 2021[23]80/40/40TC40周GS; MM
Tou 2024[15]56/29/27BDJ16周GS; TUGT
Wolf 2006[25]311/158/153TC48周FRT
黄墩兵 2023[17]51/18/17/16BDJ;CWBV12周TUGT
Wei 2023[16]163/52/54/57WQX;MIX-I24周GS; TUGT
Wang 2022[18]171/57/57/57BDJ;MIX-I24周GS; TUGT
Meng 2022[20]150/50/50/50TC;MIX-I24周GS; TUGT
Li 2022[19]70/35/35DTQ24周TUGT
Jiayuan 2022[21]91/30/31/30MI;TC;MIX-M24周GS; TUGT
彭天忠 2022[22]77/39/38YJJ8周BBS
周苏坡 2020[24]40/20/20BDJ8周GS; TUGT; BBS
方磊 2020[30]36/18/18YJJ24周TUGT
Saravanakumar 2014[27]33/11/11/11TC-A;YG-A14周BBS
Tsang 2013[26]116/61/55QG12周GS; TUGT
Zhu 2019[29]55/28/27TC;WBV8周GS; MM
朱高峰 2019[28]63/32/31YJJ12周GS
), ArticleFig(id=1311350401316782314, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Summary of main results for major outcomes of different exercise interventions in older adults with sarcopenia and frailty

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
干预参考干预[SMD (95%CI)]P-score排序a
握力(GS)
AEXEAC1.18(0.75, 1.61)1.001
MIX-I0.98(0.55, 1.41)0.892
YJJ0.43(0.14, 0.73)0.663
BDJ0.37(0.01, 0.72)0.614
WQX0.35(-0.18, 0.89)0.585
WBV0.10(-0.59, 0.80)0.406
QG0.10(-0.27, 0.47)0.377
TC-0.16(-0.59, 0.27)0.159
PMC-0.32(-1.02, 0.38)0.0910
起立行走计时测试(TUGT)-单一干预子网络
YJJEAC1.26(0.00, 2.52)0.861
TC0.73(-0.18, 1.64)0.702
BDJ0.72(0.09, 1.36)0.703
AEX0.64(-0.32, 1.60)0.654
WQX0.39(-1.02, 1.81)0.505
QG0.11(-0.96, 1.18)0.376
WBV0.06(-1.39, 1.50)0.357
DTQ-0.66(-2.12, 0.80)0.109
起立行走计时测试(TUGT)-混合干预子网络
MIX-MAEX1.21(0.36, 2.06)0.941
CWBV1.01(0.07, 1.95)0.892
MIX-I0.30(-0.07, 0.67)0.653
TC0.16(-0.38, 0.70)0.514
BDJ-0.04(-0.57, 0.49)0.356
WQX-0.19(-0.77, 0.39)0.257
EAC-0.69(-1.40, 0.01)0.038
平衡功能(BBS/FRT)
BDJEAC0.53(-0.11, 1.16)0.961
TC0.03(-0.20, 0.25)0.692
YG-A-0.43(-1.66, 0.80)0.474
PMC-1.09(-1.66, -0.52)0.155
TC-A-1.26(-2.35, -0.17)0.096
骨骼肌质量(MM)
YJJPMC0.40(-0.48, 1.29)0.741
TC0.32(-0.23, 0.87)0.652
WBV0.25(-0.28, 0.78)0.553
EAC0.14(-0.67, 0.95)0.344
), ArticleFig(id=1311350401421639915, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

不同运动干预对老年肌少症及衰弱患者主要结局的主结果汇总

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
干预参考干预[SMD (95%CI)]P-score排序a
握力(GS)
AEXEAC1.18(0.75, 1.61)1.001
MIX-I0.98(0.55, 1.41)0.892
YJJ0.43(0.14, 0.73)0.663
BDJ0.37(0.01, 0.72)0.614
WQX0.35(-0.18, 0.89)0.585
WBV0.10(-0.59, 0.80)0.406
QG0.10(-0.27, 0.47)0.377
TC-0.16(-0.59, 0.27)0.159
PMC-0.32(-1.02, 0.38)0.0910
起立行走计时测试(TUGT)-单一干预子网络
YJJEAC1.26(0.00, 2.52)0.861
TC0.73(-0.18, 1.64)0.702
BDJ0.72(0.09, 1.36)0.703
AEX0.64(-0.32, 1.60)0.654
WQX0.39(-1.02, 1.81)0.505
QG0.11(-0.96, 1.18)0.376
WBV0.06(-1.39, 1.50)0.357
DTQ-0.66(-2.12, 0.80)0.109
起立行走计时测试(TUGT)-混合干预子网络
MIX-MAEX1.21(0.36, 2.06)0.941
CWBV1.01(0.07, 1.95)0.892
MIX-I0.30(-0.07, 0.67)0.653
TC0.16(-0.38, 0.70)0.514
BDJ-0.04(-0.57, 0.49)0.356
WQX-0.19(-0.77, 0.39)0.257
EAC-0.69(-1.40, 0.01)0.038
平衡功能(BBS/FRT)
BDJEAC0.53(-0.11, 1.16)0.961
TC0.03(-0.20, 0.25)0.692
YG-A-0.43(-1.66, 0.80)0.474
PMC-1.09(-1.66, -0.52)0.155
TC-A-1.26(-2.35, -0.17)0.096
骨骼肌质量(MM)
YJJPMC0.40(-0.48, 1.29)0.741
TC0.32(-0.23, 0.87)0.652
WBV0.25(-0.28, 0.78)0.553
EAC0.14(-0.67, 0.95)0.344
), ArticleFig(id=1311350401509720300, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

CINeMA assessment of confidence in the evidence for major comparisons across outcomes

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
结局/网络干预参考干预研究内偏倚报告偏倚间接性不精确性异质性不一致性降级分值证据确定性
握力(GS)AEXEAC0000000高
MIX-I0000000高
YJJ1001002低
BDJ0011002低
WQX0002002低
WBV1002003极低
QG1002003极低
TC1012004极低
PMC1002003极低
TUGT-单一干预子网络YJJEAC1000102低
TC0011103极低
BDJ1001103极低
AEX0002103极低
WQX0002103极低
QG1002104极低
WBV0002103极低
DTQ0002103极低
TUGT-混合干预子网络MIX-MAEX0000101中等
CWBV0002103极低
MIX-I0002103极低
TC0002002低
BDJ0002002低
WQX0002002低
EAC0001113极低
平衡功能(BBS/FRT)BDJEAC1002003极低
TC0012003极低
YG-A1012004极低
PMC1010002低
TC-A1011003极低
骨骼肌质量(MM)YJJPMC1002003极低
TC1002003极低
WBV1002003极低
EAC1002003极低
), ArticleFig(id=1311350401635549421, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

各结局主要比较的CINeMA证据确定性评估

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
结局/网络干预参考干预研究内偏倚报告偏倚间接性不精确性异质性不一致性降级分值证据确定性
握力(GS)AEXEAC0000000高
MIX-I0000000高
YJJ1001002低
BDJ0011002低
WQX0002002低
WBV1002003极低
QG1002003极低
TC1012004极低
PMC1002003极低
TUGT-单一干预子网络YJJEAC1000102低
TC0011103极低
BDJ1001103极低
AEX0002103极低
WQX0002103极低
QG1002104极低
WBV0002103极低
DTQ0002103极低
TUGT-混合干预子网络MIX-MAEX0000101中等
CWBV0002103极低
MIX-I0002103极低
TC0002002低
BDJ0002002低
WQX0002002低
EAC0001113极低
平衡功能(BBS/FRT)BDJEAC1002003极低
TC0012003极低
YG-A1012004极低
PMC1010002低
TC-A1011003极低
骨骼肌质量(MM)YJJPMC1002003极低
TC1002003极低
WBV1002003极低
EAC1002003极低
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1227664546253402114, delFlag=0, nameCn=现代预防医学, nameEn=Modern Preventive Medicine, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1003-8507, eissn=null, cn=51-1365/R, coden=null, periodic=3, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=IeiuPXEZi6AA+k0VfvoiOQ==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Modern Preventive Medicine, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1770627636734, updatedTime=1788949112281, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13041195026, firstLetterCn=X, firstLetterEn=X, subjectCode=Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, subjectName=null, subjectCodeEn=Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=IeiuPXEZi6AA+k0VfvoiOQ==, picEn=/9iTl8/ndms4tBz1fL28Pg==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1304510385713861624, language=CN, name=现代预防医学, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1788949112585, updatedTime=1788949112585, createdBy=13041195026, updatedBy=13041195026, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/regist, submissionEditorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionReviewUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1304510385772581881, language=EN, name=Modern Preventive Medicine, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1788949112599, updatedTime=1788949112599, createdBy=13041195026, updatedBy=13041195026, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/regist, submissionEditorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionReviewUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1227665162245664772, websiteList=[Website(id=1227687234141352800, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1227665162245664772, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN, language=CN, createTime=1770633045945, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1770633090526, updateBy=18614031015, name=现代预防医学-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=现代预防医学, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1227687735088051072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1770633165380, updateTime=1770633165380, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735071273853, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1770633165376, updateTime=1770633165376, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735113216899, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633165386, updateTime=1770633165386, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735062885244, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/file/pic?fileId=/XB5plC0xuykmQnycvtyrw==, createTime=1770633165374, updateTime=1770633165374, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735125799813, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633165389, updateTime=1770633165389, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735083856767, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/file/pic, createTime=1770633165379, updateTime=1770633165379, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735121605508, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633165388, updateTime=1770633165388, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735079662462, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1770633165378, updateTime=1770633165378, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735096439681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1770633165382, updateTime=1770633165382, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735104828290, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1770633165384, updateTime=1770633165384, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1227687234338485094, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1227665162245664772, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN, language=EN, createTime=1770633045992, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1770633115374, updateBy=18614031015, name=现代预防医学-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Modern Preventive Medicine, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1227687709129507332, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1770633159191, updateTime=1770633159191, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709108535809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1770633159186, updateTime=1770633159186, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709167256071, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633159200, updateTime=1770633159200, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709095952896, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/file/pic?fileId=/XB5plC0xuykmQnycvtyrw==, createTime=1770633159183, updateTime=1770633159183, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709179838985, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633159203, updateTime=1770633159203, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709121118723, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/file/pic, createTime=1770633159189, updateTime=1770633159189, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709171450376, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633159201, updateTime=1770633159201, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709112730114, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1770633159187, updateTime=1770633159187, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709133701637, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1770633159192, updateTime=1770633159192, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709154673158, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1770633159197, updateTime=1770633159197, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=现代预防医学, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Modern Preventive Medicine, journalPhotoCn=IeiuPXEZi6AA+k0VfvoiOQ==, journalPhotoEn=/9iTl8/ndms4tBz1fL28Pg==, journalFirstLetter=X, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false, interPubPlatform=, interPubPlatformUrl=null), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202603326, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202603326, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/PDF/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202603326, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/PDF/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202603326, aliStartDate=0, aliEndDate=0, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, previewStatus=0, delFlag=0, hasFullText=1, orderTime=1787587200000, fullTextJson=null, articleText=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
不同运动干预对肌少症及衰弱老年人主要结局的影响:网状Meta分析
收藏切换
PDF下载
何君豪 1 , 姚佳壹 2 , 王浩喆 2 , 朱永亮 3 , 龙君成 2 , 毕学翠 1
现代预防医学 | 临床与预防 2026,53(16): 3056-3063
收起
收藏切换
现代预防医学 |临床与预防 2026 , 53 (16) : 3056 -3063
不同运动干预对肌少症及衰弱老年人主要结局的影响:网状Meta分析
全屏
[Author(id=1311350393045614779, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1311350393137889469, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, authorId=1311350393045614779, language=EN, stringName=Jun-hao HE, firstName=Jun-hao, middleName=null, lastName=HE, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=School of Physical Education and Training, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing 100191, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1311350393200804030, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, authorId=1311350393045614779, language=CN, stringName=何君豪, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.首都体育学院体育教育训练学院,北京 100191, bio={"content":"

何君豪(1997—),男,硕士在读,研究方向:运动训练理论与实践

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

何君豪(1997—),男,硕士在读,研究方向:运动训练理论与实践

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1311350392735236275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311350392747819188, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, companyId=1311350392735236275, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Physical Education and Training, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing 100191, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311350392756207797, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, companyId=1311350392735236275, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.首都体育学院体育教育训练学院,北京 100191)])]), Author(id=1311350393288884416, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1311350393368576194, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, authorId=1311350393288884416, language=EN, stringName=Jia-yi YAO, firstName=Jia-yi, middleName=null, lastName=YAO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1311350393439879363, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, authorId=1311350393288884416, language=CN, stringName=姚佳壹, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.中国矿业大学体育学院, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1311350392844288182, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311350392852676791, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, companyId=1311350392844288182, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.中国矿业大学体育学院)])]), Author(id=1311350393506988229, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1311350393595068615, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, authorId=1311350393506988229, language=EN, stringName=Hao-zhe WANG, firstName=Hao-zhe, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1311350397093118152, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, authorId=1311350393506988229, language=CN, stringName=王浩喆, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.中国矿业大学体育学院, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1311350392844288182, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311350392852676791, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, companyId=1311350392844288182, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.中国矿业大学体育学院)])]), Author(id=1311350397177004234, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1311350397269278924, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, authorId=1311350397177004234, language=EN, stringName=Yong-liang ZHU, firstName=Yong-liang, middleName=null, lastName=ZHU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1311350397374136525, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, authorId=1311350397177004234, language=CN, stringName=朱永亮, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3.山东体育学院研究生教育学院, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1311350392928174264, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311350392936562873, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, companyId=1311350392928174264, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.山东体育学院研究生教育学院)])]), Author(id=1311350397453828303, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1311350397533520081, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, authorId=1311350397453828303, language=EN, stringName=Jun-cheng LONG, firstName=Jun-cheng, middleName=null, lastName=LONG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1311350397621600466, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, authorId=1311350397453828303, language=CN, stringName=龙君成, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.中国矿业大学体育学院, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1311350392844288182, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311350392852676791, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, companyId=1311350392844288182, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.中国矿业大学体育学院)])]), Author(id=1311350397713875156, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=bixuecui@cupes.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1311350397801955542, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, authorId=1311350397713875156, language=EN, stringName=Xue-cui BI, firstName=Xue-cui, middleName=null, lastName=BI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=School of Physical Education and Training, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing 100191, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1311350397869064407, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, authorId=1311350397713875156, language=CN, stringName=毕学翠, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.首都体育学院体育教育训练学院,北京 100191, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1311350392735236275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311350392747819188, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, companyId=1311350392735236275, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Physical Education and Training, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing 100191, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311350392756207797, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350391397253289, companyId=1311350392735236275, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.首都体育学院体育教育训练学院,北京 100191)])])]
何君豪1, 姚佳壹2, 王浩喆2, 朱永亮3, 龙君成2, 毕学翠1
作者信息
  • 1.首都体育学院体育教育训练学院,北京 100191
  • 2.中国矿业大学体育学院
  • 3.山东体育学院研究生教育学院
通讯作者:
毕学翠,E-mail:
作者简介:

何君豪(1997—),男,硕士在读,研究方向:运动训练理论与实践

Effects of different exercise interventions on major outcomes in older adults with sarcopenia and frailty: A network meta-analysis
Jun-hao HE1, Jia-yi YAO2, Hao-zhe WANG2, Yong-liang ZHU3, Jun-cheng LONG2, Xue-cui BI1
Affiliations
  • School of Physical Education and Training, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing 100191, China
出版时间: 2026-08-25 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202603326
文章导航
收藏切换
目的

系统比较不同运动干预对肌少症及衰弱老年人握力、起立行走计时测试(TUGT)、平衡功能及骨骼肌质量的相对效果。

方法

检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、CINAHL、中国知网、万方和维普数据库,纳入建库至2026年1月17日发表的随机对照试验,采用随机效应网状Meta分析计算标准化均数差(SMD)及95%置信区间(95%CI)。

结果

共纳入19项随机对照试验(18项进入网状Meta分析),涉及1 838例受试者。握力结局中,主动抗阻/力量耐力训练效果最佳[SMD=1.18,95%CI(0.75~1.61)],混合强化训练次之;易筋经和八段锦优于教育/注意力对照。TUGT拆分后,部分单一或混合干预差异有统计学意义,但估计区间较宽。平衡功能和骨骼肌质量均未见稳定优效证据。

结论

不同运动干预的作用具有结局特异性。现有证据支持主动抗阻/力量耐力训练改善握力;TUGT方面,部分单一或混合干预可能具有改善优势,但该结果仅限各自子网络内部解释;平衡功能和骨骼肌质量尚缺乏稳定优效证据。

肌少症  /  衰弱  /  老年人  /  运动干预  /  网状Meta分析
Objective

To systematically compare the relative effects of different exercise interventions on grip strength, timed up and go test (TUGT), balance function, and skeletal muscle mass in older adults with sarcopenia and frailty.

Methods

PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CINAHL, CNKI, Wanfang Data, and VIP Database were searched from inception to January 17, 2026 for randomized controlled trials. A random-effects network meta-analysis was conducted to estimate standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs).

Results

Nineteen randomized controlled trials were included (18 entered the network meta-analysis), involving 1 838 participants. For grip strength, active resistance/strength-endurance training showed the greatest benefit [SMD=1.18, 95%CI (0.75 to 1.61)], followed by mixed intensive training; Yijinjing and Baduanjin were superior to education/attention control. After TUGT stratification, some single and mixed interventions showed statistically significant effects, but the confidence intervals were wide. No stable evidence of superiority was observed for balance function or skeletal muscle mass.

Conclusion

The effects of different exercise interventions were outcome-specific. Current evidence supports active resistance/strength-endurance training for improving grip strength. For TUGT, some single or mixed interventions may confer benefit, but these findings should be interpreted only within their respective subnetworks. Stable evidence is still lacking for balance function and skeletal muscle mass.

Sarcopenia  /  Frailty  /  Aged  /  Exercise Therapy  /  Network Meta-analysis
何君豪, 姚佳壹, 王浩喆, 朱永亮, 龙君成, 毕学翠. 不同运动干预对肌少症及衰弱老年人主要结局的影响:网状Meta分析. 现代预防医学, 2026 , 53 (16) : 3056 -3063 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202603326
Jun-hao HE, Jia-yi YAO, Hao-zhe WANG, Yong-liang ZHU, Jun-cheng LONG, Xue-cui BI. Effects of different exercise interventions on major outcomes in older adults with sarcopenia and frailty: A network meta-analysis[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2026 , 53 (16) : 3056 -3063 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202603326
肌少症与衰弱是老年人群中常见且相互交叠的重要老年综合征,主要表现为肌力下降、身体功能减退及跌倒、失能等不良结局风险增加[1-3]。随着人口老龄化加剧,如何通过有效干预延缓功能衰退,已成为老年健康管理的重要问题[4]。现有指南普遍建议将运动干预作为核心措施,其中抗阻训练在改善肌力和身体功能方面证据较充分[4-6],但对高龄、体能储备不足或依从性较差者,其实施和坚持仍可能受限[4]。太极拳、八段锦、易筋经等传统功法动作相对柔和,强调姿势控制、重心转移和身心协同,具有安全性较高、可接受性较好和便于推广等特点,可能成为替代或补充方案[7-9]。然而,传统功法与抗阻训练等现代运动方式之间尚缺乏直接头对头比较,且不同传统功法各自的优势结局尚不明确。既往系统评价多基于成对比较,且常将不同传统功法或训练方式合并分析,难以识别不同结局下的相对优势干预[7-9]。网状Meta分析可同时整合直接比较和间接比较的证据,对多种干预进行综合排序,为缺乏头对头试验的领域提供重要补充信息。鉴于此,本研究采用频率学随机效应网状Meta分析,系统比较不同运动干预对老年肌少症及衰弱患者握力、起立行走计时测试(Timed Up and Go Test, TUGT)、平衡功能及骨骼肌质量的相对效果,为运动处方选择提供循证依据。
系统检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、CINAHL、中国知网、万方和维普数据库,检索时限为建库至2026年1月17日。采用主题词与自由词相结合的方式,中文检索词包括肌少症、衰弱、老年、太极拳、八段锦、易筋经、五禽戏、气功、抗阻训练、随机对照试验等;英文检索词包括Sarcopenia、Frailty、Aged、Tai Ji、Baduanjin、Yijinjing、Qigong、Resistance training、Randomized controlled trial等。同时追溯纳入文献及相关综述参考文献;完整检索式可向通讯作者索取。
按PICOS(Participants, Interventions, Comparators, Outcomes, Study design,即研究对象、干预措施、比较措施、结局指标和研究设计)原则纳入:①年龄≥60岁、明确诊断为肌少症或衰弱的老年人[1-3];②干预为传统健身功法、现代运动训练或联合/混合运动干预[4-5];③比较措施(Comparators)为教育/注意力对照、被动/最小干预对照,或其他能够与网络中既有节点形成可连接比较关系的运动干预(活性比较);④至少报告握力(Grip Strength, GS)、TUGT、平衡功能[Berg平衡量表(Berg Balance Scale, BBS)或功能性前伸测试(functional reach test, FRT)]、骨骼肌质量(Muscle Mass, MM)中的1项[1,2,4,5];⑤研究类型为随机对照试验。排除重复发表、全文或数据无法获得、非随机对照试验及研究对象或干预不符合预设范围的文献。
由2名研究者独立完成文献筛选、资料提取和质量评价,分歧经讨论或由第3名研究者裁决。提取内容包括研究基本信息、样本量、干预与对照措施、频率、时长、周期及结局数据。采用偏倚风险评估工具2(Risk of Bias 2, RoB 2)评价偏倚风险,偏倚风险总体结果及各研究分领域判定见图2。
网状Meta分析是在传统成对Meta分析基础上的扩展方法,可通过共同对照将多个干预连接为证据网络,同时整合直接比较和间接比较证据,以估计任意两种干预之间的相对效应并进行排序。
采用R软件netmeta包进行频率学随机效应网状Meta分析。连续性结局以标准化均数差(standardized mean difference, SMD)及95%置信区间(95% confidence interval, 95%CI)表示。采用Cochran Q检验和I2评价异质性,采用设计-治疗交互作用模型和节点分裂法分别检验全局与局部不一致性。考虑TUGT总网络异质性较高且实施模式存在差异,按实施模式拆分为单一干预子网络和混合干预子网络,结果仅在各自子网络内解释。采用P-score[10]进行排序,采用比较校正漏斗图结合Egger检验[11]评估发表偏倚。证据确定性采用CINeMA框架[12],从研究内偏倚、报告偏倚、间接性、不精确性、异质性和不一致性6个域进行评价,并形成高、中等、低和极低4级证据确定性。另进行逐一排除敏感性分析,并基于可获得数据开展探索性剂量-反应Meta回归,剂量变量定义为“单次训练时长×干预周数”和“单次训练时长×频次/周×干预周数”。平衡功能网络中彭天忠2022的两个干预节点(YJJ vs AEX)均未与现有节点直接连通,故不纳入最终平衡功能网络分析。
本研究已在PROSPERO平台完成前瞻性注册(CRD420261303492)。与预注册方案相比,本研究依据CINeMA官方框架补充纳入报告偏倚和间接性两个评价域,并据此更新总体证据确定性分级;该修订不影响网络效应量估计,但影响部分比较的证据确定性判定。
共检索获得文献703篇,去重后305篇进入题目和摘要筛选,71篇进入全文评估,最终纳入19项随机对照试验[13-31],其中18项[13-21,23-31]进入网状Meta分析。筛选流程见图1。
19项研究共涉及45个研究臂、1 838例受试者,样本量33[21]~311[25]例;干预周期多为12~24周,基本特征见表1。RoB 2评价显示,6项研究为低风险,13项为“一定关注”,未见总体高偏倚风险研究;主要问题集中于偏离预期干预和结局测量领域(图2,A为总体偏倚风险条形图,B为各研究分领域偏倚风险交通灯图)。
围绕4个结局共形成5个最终分析网络:握力、TUGT单一干预子网络、TUGT混合干预子网络、平衡功能和骨骼肌质量。各网络均以对照组为主要连接节点,活性干预之间直接比较相对有限;握力网络连接相对充分,平衡功能和骨骼肌质量网络较稀疏(图3)。逐一排除敏感性分析提示Wu 2025[13]为主要异质性来源;排除后异质性降至τ2=0、I2=0%,未提示明显全局或局部不一致性。故握力结果均基于该最终敏感性模型。TUGT按实施模式拆分后仍存在一定异质性;平衡功能和骨骼肌质量网络较稀疏,相关估计需谨慎解释。
各结局主要比较的效应量及P-score排序见表2;主要比较的CINeMA评估及各评价域判断见表3。
以教育/注意力对照为参考,主动抗阻/力量耐力训练改善握力的效果最明显,混合强化训练次之。在传统功法中,易筋经和八段锦优于教育/注意力对照;五禽戏、气功及太极拳差异均无统计学意义。探索性剂量-反应Meta回归未见训练剂量与握力效应量之间显著线性关联。主要比较的效应量及排序见表2,证据确定性见表3。
在混合干预子网络中,以主动抗阻/力量耐力训练为参考,混合正念运动和联合全身振动训练差异有统计学意义,但95%CI较宽;其余比较差异无统计学意义。在单一干预子网络中,以教育/注意力对照为参考,易筋经和八段锦差异有统计学意义,但估计区间较宽;其余比较均未见显著差异。两个子网络主要比较见表2,证据确定性见表3。
平衡功能网络中,八段锦和太极拳排序相对靠前,但差异均无统计学意义。骨骼肌质量网络中,易筋经、太极拳和全身振动训练与被动/最小干预对照比较均无统计学意义。主结果汇总见表2,主要比较的证据确定性见表3。
P-score排序见表2。排序仅反映相对概率,不能替代效应量、95%CI和证据确定性的综合判断。
握力网络比较校正漏斗图总体对称,Egger检验未提示小样本效应或发表偏倚(P=0.599)。
本研究基于网状Meta分析比较不同运动干预对老年肌少症及衰弱患者多维结局的相对效果。结果表明,不同干预具有结局特异性,尚无一种干预可在全部结局中均表现最优。
握力结果提示,主动抗阻/力量耐力训练改善效果最明显,混合强化训练次之,且两者均为高确定性证据;这一结果与训练特异性原则一致[5-6]。传统功法中,易筋经和八段锦也显示统计学优势,但证据确定性均为低,主要受不精确性以及部分比较的研究内偏倚或间接性影响,因此更宜解释为可能有效的补充方案。探索性剂量-反应Meta回归未见显著线性关联,提示现有证据下握力获益可能更多与干预类型和训练内容有关,而非单纯取决于训练剂量。
TUGT属于复合性功能结局,涉及下肢力量、平衡、步行速度和协调性等多维能力。混合干预子网络中,混合正念运动差异有统计学意义且证据确定性为中等;联合全身振动训练虽差异有统计学意义,但证据确定性为极低。单一干预子网络中,易筋经和八段锦差异有统计学意义,但分别为低和极低确定性证据,仅提示潜在改善趋势。TUGT结果来自拆分后的独立子网络,不能跨子网络直接比较。
平衡功能和骨骼肌质量均未形成稳定优效证据。平衡功能网络中,八段锦和太极拳排序相对靠前,但未达到统计学显著且证据确定性均为极低;骨骼肌质量网络中,易筋经、太极拳和全身振动训练等比较亦未达到统计学显著,证据确定性均为极低。上述结果可能与纳入研究数量少、网络较稀疏、测量工具不一致,以及骨骼肌质量变化受训练强度、营养摄入和干预周期共同影响有关。
本研究存在以下局限性:第一,握力网络中Wu 2025[13]因敏感性分析被识别为异质性主要来源而被排除,可能影响结论的外推性;第二,纳入研究主要来自中国,地域代表性有限;第三,部分比较主要依赖间接证据,且TUGT、平衡功能和骨骼肌质量多项比较的证据确定性为低或极低,排序结果不能替代效应量、95%CI和证据确定性的综合判断;第四,各传统功法的具体动作编排、教学方式和标准化程度存在差异,且研究未系统评价安全性、依从性和成本等临床决策相关指标。后续需开展更大样本、结局更完整且包含直接比较的随机对照试验。
不同运动干预作用具有结局特异性。现有高确定性证据支持主动抗阻/力量耐力训练改善握力,混合强化训练次之;传统功法中易筋经和八段锦也显示一定握力获益,但证据确定性较低。部分单一或混合干预可能有助于改善TUGT,但相关结果仅限子网络内部解释;平衡功能和骨骼肌质量尚缺乏稳定优效证据。

参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Bahat G, Bauer J, et al. Sarcopenia: revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis[J]. Age and Ageing, 2019, 48(1): 16-31.
[2]
Chen LK, Woo J, Assantachai P, et al. Asian working group for sarcopenia: 2019 consensus update on sarcopenia diagnosis and treatment[J]. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 2020, 21(3): 300-307. e2.
[3]
Fried LP, Tangen CM, Walston J, et al. Frailty in older adults: evidence for a phenotype[J]. The Journals of Gerontology: Series a, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 2001, 56(3): M146-M156.
[4]
Izquierdo M, Merchant RA, Morley JE, et al. International exercise recommendations in older adults (ICFSR): expert consensus guidelines[J]. Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging, 2021, 25(7): 824-853.
[5]
Dent E, Morley JE, Cruz-Jentoft AJ, et al. International clinical practice guidelines for sarcopenia (ICFSR): screening, diagnosis and management[J]. Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging, 2018, 22(10): 1148-1161.
[6]
Fragala MS, Cadore EL, Dorgo S, et al. Resistance training for older adults: position statement from the national strength and conditioning association[J]. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 2019, 33(8): 2019-2052.
[7]
Huang CY, Mayer PK, Wu MY, et al. The effect of Tai Chi in elderly individuals with sarcopenia and frailty: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials[J]. Ageing Research Reviews, 2022, 82(2): 101747.
[8]
Niu K, Liu YL, Yang F, et al. Efficacy of traditional Chinese exercise for sarcopenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials[J]. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 2022, 16(2): 1094054.
[9]
Zhang XP, Jiang WD, Chen ZQ, et al. Effects of Yijinjing on enhancing muscle strength and physical performance in older individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Front Med (Lausanne), 2024, 11(1): 1441858.
[10]
Rücker G, Schwarzer G. Ranking treatments in frequentist network meta-analysis works without resampling methods[J]. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 2015, 15(1): 58.
[11]
Chaimani A, Salanti G. Using network meta-analysis to evaluate the existence of small-study effects in a network of interventions[J]. Research Synthesis Methods, 2012, 3(2): 161-176.
[12]
Nikolakopoulou A, Higgins J, Papakonstantinou T, et al. CINeMA: an approach for assessing confidence in the results of a network meta-analysis[J]. PLOS Medicine, 2020, 17(4): e1003082.
[13]
Wu K, Chen X, Long K, et al. Efficacy of Baduanjin exercise for sarcopenia in older adults: a 24-week randomized controlled trial[J]. Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle, 2025, 16(6): e70163.
[14]
张涛,马天翼,骆丽,等.易筋经对老年肌少症患者肌肉力量及慢性炎症的影响[J].南京中医药大学学报,2025,41(3):399-404.
Zhang T, Ma TY, Luo L, et al. Effect of Yijinjing on muscle strength and chronic inflammation in elderly patients with sarcopenia[J]. Journal of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2025, 41(3): 399-404.(In Chinese)
[15]
Tou NX, Goh SF, Harding S, et al. Effectiveness of community-based Baduanjin exercise intervention for older adults with varying frailty status: a randomized controlled trial[J]. European Review of Aging and Physical Activity, 2024, 21(1): 28-39.
[16]
Wei M, He S, Meng D, et al. Hybrid exercise program enhances physical fitness and reverses frailty in older adults: insights and predictions from machine learning[J]. The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging, 2023, 27(10): 894-902.
[17]
黄墩兵,林忠华,姜财,等.全身振动训练联合八段锦运动对老年肌少症患者姿势稳定性的影响[J].中国康复,2023,38(7):430-433.
Huang DB, Lin ZH, Jiang C, et al. Effects of whole-body vibration training combined with Baduanjin exercise on postural stability in elderly patients with sarcopenia[J]. Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation, 2023, 38(7): 430-433.(In Chinese)
[18]
Wang ZY, Meng DY, He SC, et al. The effectiveness of a hybrid exercise program on the physical fitness of frail elderly[J]. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2022, 19(17): 11063.
[19]
Li ZR, Ma YJ, Zhuang J, et al. Ditangquan exercises based on safe-landing strategies prevent falls and injury among older individuals with sarcopenia[J]. Front Med (Lausanne), 2022, 9(1): 936314.
[20]
Meng DY, Guo HZ, Liang SY, et al. Effectiveness of a hybrid exercise program on the physical abilities of frail elderly and explainable artificial-intelligence-based clinical assistance[J]. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2022, 19(12): 6988.
[21]
Jiayuan Z, Xiang-Zi J, Li-Na M, et al. Effects of mindfulness-based Tai Chi Chuan on physical performance and cognitive function among cognitive frailty older adults: a six-month follow-up of a randomized controlled trial[J]. The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer’s Disease, 2022, 9(1): 104-112.
[22]
彭天忠,朱满华,林星镇,等.新编易筋经锻炼对老年肌少症患者下肢运动功能和平衡功能的影响[J].按摩与康复医学,2022,13(17):21-26.
Peng TZ, Zhu MH, Lin XZ, et al. Effect of new Yijinjing exercise on lower limb motor function and balance function in senile patients with sarcopenia[J]. Chinese Manipulation & Rehabilitation Medicine, 2022, 13(17): 21-26.(In Chinese)
[23]
Morawin B, Tylutka A, Chmielowiec J, et al. Circulating mediators of apoptosis and inflammation in aging: physical exercise intervention[J]. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2021, 18(6): 3165.
[24]
周苏坡,邹颖,孙小斐,等.八段锦预防老年肌少症人群跌倒的研究[J].体育科技,2020,41(6):27-28, 30.
Zhou SP, Zou Y, Sun XF, et al. Research on Baduanjin for preventing falls in elderly patients with sarcopenia[J]. Sport Science and Technology, 2020, 41(6): 27-28, 30.(In Chinese)
[25]
Wolf SL, O’Grady M, Easley KA, et al. The influence of intense Tai Chi training on physical performance and hemodynamic outcomes in transitionally frail, older adults[J]. The Journals of Gerontology: Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 2006, 61(2): 184-189.
[26]
Tsang HWH, Lee JLC, Au DWH, et al. Developing and testing the effectiveness of a novel health qigong for frail elders in Hong Kong: a preliminary study[J]. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2013, 2013(2): 827392.
[27]
Saravanakumar P, Higgins IJ, Van DRJ, et al. The influence of Tai Chi and yoga on balance and falls in a residential care setting: a randomised controlled trial[J]. Contemporary Nurse, 2014, 48(1): 76-87.
[28]
朱高峰,罗开涛,沈志方,等.推拿功法易筋经对老年骨骼肌减少症者肌力的影响[J].中华全科医学,2019,17(8):1388-1391.
Zhu GF, Luo KT, Shen ZF, et al. Effect of Yijinjing on muscle strength of senile patients with sarcopenia[J]. Chinese Journal of General Practice, 2019, 17(8): 1388-1391.(In Chinese)
[29]
Zhu YQ, Peng N, Zhou M, et al. Tai Chi and whole-body vibrating therapy in sarcopenic men in advanced old age: a clinical randomized controlled trial[J]. European Journal of Ageing, 2019, 16(3): 273-282.
[30]
方磊,李振瑞,陶旭辰,等.易筋经对老年骨骼肌减少症平衡障碍患者跌倒风险影响的临床研究[J].中国康复医学杂志,2020,35(3):319-323.
Fang L, Li ZR, Tao XC, et al. Effects of Yijinjing on the risk of falling of sarcopenia and disequilibrium elderly[J]. Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, 2020, 35(3): 319-323.(In Chinese)
[31]
戈玉杰,吴庆文,高志鹏,等.简式太极拳训练对老年衰弱前期衰弱水平和平衡能力的影响[J].中国老年学杂志,2020,40(3):563-566.
Ge YJ, Wu QW, Gao ZP, et al. Effects of simplified Tai Chi training on frailty level and balance ability in prefrail older adults[J]. Chinese Journal of Gerontology, 2020, 40(3): 563-566.(In Chinese)
2026年第53卷第16期
PDF下载
212
86
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202603326
  • 接收时间:2026-03-20
  • 首发时间:2026-09-28
  • 出版时间:2026-08-25
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2026-03-20
基金
作者信息
    1.首都体育学院体育教育训练学院,北京 100191
    2.中国矿业大学体育学院
    3.山东体育学院研究生教育学院

通讯作者:

毕学翠,E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202603326
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏