Article(id=1311349856736736037, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1311349802038821144, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202603064, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1772726400000, receivedDateStr=2026-03-06, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1790579769548, onlineDateStr=2026-09-28, pubDate=1783612800000, pubDateStr=2026-07-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1790579769548, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-09-28, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1790579769548, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1790579769548, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1311349802038821144, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2026', volume='53', issue='13', pageStart='2305', pageEnd='2496', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1783612800000', pubDateStr='2026-07-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1790579756507, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1790588376143, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1311385955492258162, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1311349802038821144, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1311385955496452467, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1311349802038821144, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=2347, endPage=2353, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1311349856950645542, articleId=1311349856736736037, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Status and related factors of glycemic control among type 2 diabetes patients aged 30 and above in Anhui Province, columnId=1240413921954295836, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Epidemiology and Statistical Methods, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To analyze the status and related factors of glycemic control among type 2 diabetes patients in Anhui Province, providing a scientific basis for improving diabetes management outcomes.

Methods

A face-to-face questionnaire survey and blood glucose test were conducted among type 2 diabetes patients aged 30 and above in Anhui Province using a multi-stage stratified random sampling method. The χ2 test was used to compare the differences in glycemic control rates among patients with different characteristics, and an unconditional logistic regression model was applied to analyze the related factors of achieving glycemic control targets.

Results

A total of 806 patients were surveyed, and 805 valid questionnaires were collected. Among the 805 patients, the male-to-female ratio was 1:1, the median age was 62 years, and the glycemic control rate was 49.57%. Living in rural areas (OR=0.679), timely preparation of medications in advance (OR=0.573), and experiencing adverse reactions after medication (OR=0.738) were negatively associated with achieving glycemic control targets among patients. Compared with patients with a disease duration of less than 5 years, those with a disease duration of 10 years or more had greater difficulty achieving glycemic control (OR=0.540). Consciously increasing exercise intensity or frequency was positively associated with achieving glycemic control targets (OR=1.360). The odds of achieving glycemic control targets among patients who had quit drinking were 2.732 times higher than those among current drinkers. (OR=2.732).

Conclusion

The glycemic control level among type 2 diabetes patients aged 30 and above in Anhui Province needs further improvement. Greater attention should be given to diabetes management in rural areas, and comprehensive prevention and control measures, including lifestyle interventions and scientific medication guidance, should be implemented to improve patients’ blood glucose levels.

, authors=Rui-qi HAO1, Xiao-hong JIANG1, Xu-xiang LIU2, Shu-min CHEN3, Fang-lei ZHANG1, Ke XU4, Zhao-nan WANG1, authorsList=Rui-qi HAO, Xiao-hong JIANG, Xu-xiang LIU, Shu-min CHEN, Fang-lei ZHANG, Ke XU, Zhao-nan WANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Zhao-nan WANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1311349857747563308, articleId=1311349856736736037, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=CN, title=安徽省30岁及以上2型糖尿病患者血糖控制现状及相关因素分析, columnId=1228016567632462653, journalTitle=现代预防医学, columnName=流行病与统计方法, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

分析安徽省2型糖尿病患者血糖控制现状及其相关因素,为提升糖尿病控制效果提供科学依据。

方法

采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法对安徽省30岁及以上的2型糖尿病患者进行面对面问卷调查和血糖检测,采用χ2检验比较不同特征糖尿病患者血糖控制达标情况的差异,非条件logistic回归模型分析患者血糖控制达标的相关因素。

结果

共调查806名患者,收回有效问卷805份。805名患者中,男女性别比为1:1,年龄中位数62岁,血糖控制达标率为49.57%。居住在乡村地区(OR=0.679)、及时提前备药(OR=0.573)、用药后出现不良反应(OR=0.738)是患者血糖控制达标的负相关因素;与病程<5年的患者相比,病程≥10年者血糖控制更难达标(OR=0.540);有意识地增加运动强度或频率是血糖控制达标的正相关因素(OR=1.360);已戒酒者血糖控制达标的优势是现在饮酒者的2.732倍(OR=2.732)。

结论

安徽省30岁及以上2型糖尿病患者血糖控制水平有待进一步提高,应重点关注乡村地区糖尿病患者管理,采取生活方式干预、科学用药指导等综合防控措施改善患者血糖水平。

, authors=郝瑞祺1, 姜晓红1, 刘旭祥2, 陈淑敏3, 张芳蕾1, 许可4, 王兆南1, authorsList=郝瑞祺, 姜晓红, 刘旭祥, 陈淑敏, 张芳蕾, 许可, 王兆南, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=王兆南, authorNote=

郝瑞祺(1990—),女,硕士,主管医师,研究方向:疾病预防控制

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王兆南,E-mail:
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(In Chinese), articleTitle=Analysis and forecast of the burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus attributable to low physical activity in China from 1990 to 2021, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311349867042141062, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349856736736037, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=31, issue=8, pageStart=876, pageEnd=882, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=25, authorNames=王梅, 朱文平, journalName=中国康复理论与实践, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王梅,朱文平. 2型糖尿病相关的身体活动与健康政策和指南研究[J].中国康复理论与实践,2025,31(8):876-882., articleTitle=2型糖尿病相关的身体活动与健康政策和指南研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311349867109249927, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349856736736037, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=31, issue=8, pageStart=876, pageEnd=882, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=26, authorNames=Wang M, Zhu WP, journalName=Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang M, Zhu WP. Physical activity and health policies and guidelines related to type 2 diabetes[J]. Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice, 2025, 31(8): 876-882. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Physical activity and health policies and guidelines related to type 2 diabetes, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311349867188941704, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349856736736037, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2037, volume=11, issue=14, pageStart=2037, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=27, authorNames=Che M, Zhou Q, Lin W, journalName=Healthcare, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Che M, Zhou Q, Lin W, et al. Healthy lifestyle score and glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: a City-Wide survey in China[J]. Healthcare, 2037, 11(14): 2037., articleTitle=Healthy lifestyle score and glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: a City-Wide survey in China, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311349867277022089, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349856736736037, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=116, issue=6, pageStart=1507, pageEnd=1514, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=28, authorNames=Ma H, Wang X, Li X, journalName=The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ma H, Wang X, Li X, et al. Moderate alcohol drinking with meals is related to lower incidence of type 2 diabetes[J]. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2022, 116(6): 1507-1514., articleTitle=Moderate alcohol drinking with meals is related to lower incidence of type 2 diabetes, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311349867381879690, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349856736736037, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=38, issue=6, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=29, authorNames=Li MJ, Ren J, Zhang WS, journalName=Diabetes-Metabolism: Research and Reviews, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li MJ, Ren J, Zhang WS, et al. Association of alcohol drinking with incident type 2 diabetes and pre-diabetes: The Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study[J]. Diabetes-Metabolism: Research and Reviews, 2022,38(6): e3548., articleTitle=Association of alcohol drinking with incident type 2 diabetes and pre-diabetes: The Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311349867457377163, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349856736736037, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=30, issue=18, pageStart=2570, pageEnd=2576, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=30, authorNames=李洪超, 官海静, 刘国恩, journalName=中国药房, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李洪超,官海静,刘国恩. 我国社区2型糖尿病患者治疗依从性对临床产出的短期影响研究[J].中国药房,2019,30(18):2570-2576., articleTitle=我国社区2型糖尿病患者治疗依从性对临床产出的短期影响研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311349867524486028, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349856736736037, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=30, issue=18, pageStart=2570, pageEnd=2576, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=31, authorNames=Li HC, Guan HJ, Liu GE, journalName=China Pharmacy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li HC, Guan HJ, Liu GE. Study on the effects of treatment compliance on short-term clinical outcome among community patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in China[J]. China Pharmacy, 2019, 30(18): 2570-2576. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Study on the effects of treatment compliance on short-term clinical outcome among community patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in China, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311349867608372109, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349856736736037, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=183, issue=3, pageStart=242, pageEnd=254, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=32, authorNames=D'andrea E, Wexler DJ, Kim SC, journalName=JAMA Internal Medicine, refType=null, unstructuredReference=D'andrea E, Wexler DJ, Kim SC, et al. Comparing effectiveness and safety of SGLT2 inhibitors vs DPP-4 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes and varying baseline HbA1c levels[J]. JAMA Internal Medicine, 2023, 183(3): 242-254., articleTitle=Comparing effectiveness and safety of SGLT2 inhibitors vs DPP-4 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes and varying baseline HbA1c levels, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311349867675480974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349856736736037, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1991, volume=11, issue=3, pageStart=195, pageEnd=202, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=33, authorNames=null, journalName=Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Kamoi k IMTT, plasma levels of vasopressin. Angiotensin II and atrial natriuretic peptide in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus[J]. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 1991,11(3): 195-202., articleTitle=Kamoi k IMTT, plasma levels of vasopressin. Angiotensin II and atrial natriuretic peptide in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311349867759367055, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349856736736037, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1988, volume=74, issue=6, pageStart=599, pageEnd=606, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=34, authorNames=Thompson CJ, Davis SN, Butler PC, journalName=Clinical Science (London, England: 1979), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Thompson CJ, Davis SN, Butler PC, et al. Osmoregulation of thirst and vasopressin secretion in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus[J]. Clinical Science (London, England: 1979), 1988, 74(6): 599-606., articleTitle=Osmoregulation of thirst and vasopressin secretion in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1311349858020193070, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349856736736037, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311349858028581678, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349856736736037, companyId=1311349858020193070, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Beijing Chaoyang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Beijing Chaoyang District Health Supervision Institute), Beijing 100021, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311349858036970287, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349856736736037, companyId=1311349858020193070, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.北京市朝阳区疾病预防控制中心(北京市朝阳区卫生健康监督所),北京 100021)]), AuthorCompany(id=1311349858099884848, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349856736736037, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311349858104079153, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349856736736037, companyId=1311349858099884848, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.合肥市疾病预防控制中心(合肥市卫生监督所))]), AuthorCompany(id=1311349858187965234, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349856736736037, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311349858196353843, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349856736736037, companyId=1311349858187965234, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.宣城市疾病预防控制中心(宣城市卫生监督所))]), AuthorCompany(id=1311349858263462708, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349856736736037, xref=4., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311349858271851317, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349856736736037, companyId=1311349858263462708, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4.北京慢性病防治与健康教育研究会)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1311349862243857249, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349856736736037, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Basic characteristics of patients

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征血糖控制达标(n=399)血糖控制未达标(n=406)χ2值P值
n率(%)n率(%)
性别0.9010.343
男20451.2619448.74
女19547.9121252.09
年龄组(岁)4.6710.097
30~498153.297146.71
50~6921051.6019748.40
≥7010843.9013856.10
文化程度3.1700.205
小学及以下15746.3118253.69
初中12950.1912849.81
高中及以上11354.079645.93
婚姻状况5.5450.063
已婚33449.2634450.74
未婚1575.00525.00
离异/丧偶5046.735753.27
BMI分组(Kg/m2)1.0460.593
<18.5840.001260.00
18.5~23.917948.7718851.23
≥24.021250.7220649.28
地区7.3490.007
城市21654.4118145.59
乡村18344.8522555.15
糖尿病家族史0.3700.543
无25350.4024949.60
有14648.1815751.82
糖尿病病程(年)21.598<0.001
<515856.8312043.17
5~912454.6310345.37
≥1011739.0018361.00
糖尿病肾病筛查4.9290.026
否21553.4818746.52
是18445.6621954.34
糖尿病眼底筛查0.3890.533
否25848.7727151.23
是14151.0913548.91
其他慢性病史1.8620.172
无9845.5811754.42
有30151.0228948.98
), ArticleFig(id=1311349862323549026, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349856736736037, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

患者基本特征

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征血糖控制达标(n=399)血糖控制未达标(n=406)χ2值P值
n率(%)n率(%)
性别0.9010.343
男20451.2619448.74
女19547.9121252.09
年龄组(岁)4.6710.097
30~498153.297146.71
50~6921051.6019748.40
≥7010843.9013856.10
文化程度3.1700.205
小学及以下15746.3118253.69
初中12950.1912849.81
高中及以上11354.079645.93
婚姻状况5.5450.063
已婚33449.2634450.74
未婚1575.00525.00
离异/丧偶5046.735753.27
BMI分组(Kg/m2)1.0460.593
<18.5840.001260.00
18.5~23.917948.7718851.23
≥24.021250.7220649.28
地区7.3490.007
城市21654.4118145.59
乡村18344.8522555.15
糖尿病家族史0.3700.543
无25350.4024949.60
有14648.1815751.82
糖尿病病程(年)21.598<0.001
<515856.8312043.17
5~912454.6310345.37
≥1011739.0018361.00
糖尿病肾病筛查4.9290.026
否21553.4818746.52
是18445.6621954.34
糖尿病眼底筛查0.3890.533
否25848.7727151.23
是14151.0913548.91
其他慢性病史1.8620.172
无9845.5811754.42
有30151.0228948.98
), ArticleFig(id=1311349862411629411, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349856736736037, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Lifestyle interventions of patients

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征血糖控制达标(n=399)血糖控制未达标(n=406)χ2值P值
n率(%)n率(%)
日常活动强度0.5640.754
高强度1845.002255.00
中等强度20549.0421350.96
低强度17650.7217149.28
增加运动强度或频率3.9360.047
否16145.6119254.39
是23852.6521447.35
改变个人饮食习惯0.2780.598
否3546.674053.33
是36449.8636650.14
吸烟史0.1910.909
现在吸烟6947.927552.08
从不吸烟29549.9229650.08
已戒烟3550.003550.00
饮酒史7.4080.025
现在饮酒4044.944955.06
从不饮酒32048.7133751.29
已戒酒3966.102033.90
), ArticleFig(id=1311349862474543972, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349856736736037, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

患者生活方式干预情况

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征血糖控制达标(n=399)血糖控制未达标(n=406)χ2值P值
n率(%)n率(%)
日常活动强度0.5640.754
高强度1845.002255.00
中等强度20549.0421350.96
低强度17650.7217149.28
增加运动强度或频率3.9360.047
否16145.6119254.39
是23852.6521447.35
改变个人饮食习惯0.2780.598
否3546.674053.33
是36449.8636650.14
吸烟史0.1910.909
现在吸烟6947.927552.08
从不吸烟29549.9229650.08
已戒烟3550.003550.00
饮酒史7.4080.025
现在饮酒4044.944955.06
从不饮酒32048.7133751.29
已戒酒3966.102033.90
), ArticleFig(id=1311349862562624357, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349856736736037, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Medication use and adherence of patients

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征血糖控制达标(n=399)血糖控制未达标(n=406)χ2值P值
n率(%)n率(%)
降糖方案3.9630.138
仅口服33350.8432249.16
仅胰岛素1736.173063.83
口服+胰岛素4947.575452.43
使用降糖药物种类(种)11.4660.009
118254.4915245.51
217149.2817650.72
33938.616261.39
4及以上730.431669.57
忘记服药#2.7670.096
不会32450.9431249.06
会7343.719456.29
自行停药1.4520.228
不会37649.0939050.91
会2358.971641.03
忘记开药0.4190.517
不会37249.2738350.73
会2754.002346.00
出现过断药的情况0.1440.704
不会37649.7438050.26
会2346.942653.06
病情好转未按时服药0.9730.324
不会37250.0737149.93
会2743.553556.45
粗心大意未按时服药0.2820.596
不会33150.0033150.00
会6847.557552.45
自行减少或增加药量#1.6630.197
不会35550.3535049.65
会4343.435656.57
及时提前备药6.4900.011
不会4663.892636.11
会35348.1638051.84
), ArticleFig(id=1311349862629733222, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349856736736037, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

患者用药情况和依从性

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征血糖控制达标(n=399)血糖控制未达标(n=406)χ2值P值
n率(%)n率(%)
降糖方案3.9630.138
仅口服33350.8432249.16
仅胰岛素1736.173063.83
口服+胰岛素4947.575452.43
使用降糖药物种类(种)11.4660.009
118254.4915245.51
217149.2817650.72
33938.616261.39
4及以上730.431669.57
忘记服药#2.7670.096
不会32450.9431249.06
会7343.719456.29
自行停药1.4520.228
不会37649.0939050.91
会2358.971641.03
忘记开药0.4190.517
不会37249.2738350.73
会2754.002346.00
出现过断药的情况0.1440.704
不会37649.7438050.26
会2346.942653.06
病情好转未按时服药0.9730.324
不会37250.0737149.93
会2743.553556.45
粗心大意未按时服药0.2820.596
不会33150.0033150.00
会6847.557552.45
自行减少或增加药量#1.6630.197
不会35550.3535049.65
会4343.435656.57
及时提前备药6.4900.011
不会4663.892636.11
会35348.1638051.84
), ArticleFig(id=1311349862713619303, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349856736736037, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Adverse drug reactions in patients

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征血糖控制达标(n=399)血糖控制未达标(n=406)χ2值P值
n率(%)n率(%)
不良反应6.2230.013
无20954.1517745.85
有19045.3522954.65
低血糖1.6450.200
无32650.7031749.30
有7345.068954.94
腹泻/腹痛/呕吐/胀气1.5330.216
无37850.1337649.87
有2141.183058.82
皮疹/皮肤瘙痒0.4020.526
无36349.9336450.07
有3646.154253.85
头晕/头痛0.6070.436
无37549.9337650.07
有2444.443055.56
体重减少1.2870.257
无32950.5432249.46
有7045.458454.55
口苦/口干9.0280.003
无32252.5329147.47
有7740.1011559.90
便秘4.6200.032
无36450.9135149.09
有3538.895561.11
泌尿生殖器感染6.2450.013
无39250.3938649.61
有725.932074.07
), ArticleFig(id=1311349862818476904, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349856736736037, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

患者用药不良反应

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征血糖控制达标(n=399)血糖控制未达标(n=406)χ2值P值
n率(%)n率(%)
不良反应6.2230.013
无20954.1517745.85
有19045.3522954.65
低血糖1.6450.200
无32650.7031749.30
有7345.068954.94
腹泻/腹痛/呕吐/胀气1.5330.216
无37850.1337649.87
有2141.183058.82
皮疹/皮肤瘙痒0.4020.526
无36349.9336450.07
有3646.154253.85
头晕/头痛0.6070.436
无37549.9337650.07
有2444.443055.56
体重减少1.2870.257
无32950.5432249.46
有7045.458454.55
口苦/口干9.0280.003
无32252.5329147.47
有7740.1011559.90
便秘4.6200.032
无36450.9135149.09
有3538.895561.11
泌尿生殖器感染6.2450.013
无39250.3938649.61
有725.932074.07
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Variable coding for logistic regression analysis

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变量赋值
血糖控制达标0=否,1=是
地区1=城市,2=乡村
糖尿病病程(年)1=<5,2=5~9,3=≥10
糖尿病肾病筛查0=否,1=是
增加运动强度或频率0=否,1=是
饮酒史1=现在饮酒,2=从不饮酒,3=已戒酒
使用降糖药物种类(种)1=1,2=2,3=3,4=4及以上
及时提前备药0=否,1=是
不良反应0=否,1=是
), ArticleFig(id=1311349863082718058, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349856736736037, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

Logistic回归变量赋值表

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变量赋值
血糖控制达标0=否,1=是
地区1=城市,2=乡村
糖尿病病程(年)1=<5,2=5~9,3=≥10
糖尿病肾病筛查0=否,1=是
增加运动强度或频率0=否,1=是
饮酒史1=现在饮酒,2=从不饮酒,3=已戒酒
使用降糖药物种类(种)1=1,2=2,3=3,4=4及以上
及时提前备药0=否,1=是
不良反应0=否,1=是
), ArticleFig(id=1311349863162409835, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349856736736037, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

Unconditional logistic regression analysis of glycemic control in patients

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变量β Wald χ2值OR值95% CIP值
地区
城市1.000
乡村-0.3870.1526.5720.6790.5050.9130.010
糖尿病病程(年)
<51.000
5~9-0.0050.1860.0010.9950.6901.4340.978
≥10-0.6160.18311.3780.5400.3780.7730.001
增加运动强度或频率
否1.000
是0.3070.1514.1161.3601.0101.8300.042
饮酒史
现在饮酒1.000
从不饮酒0.0900.2370.1461.0950.6881.7410.703
已戒酒1.0050.3617.7472.7321.3465.5450.005
及时提前备药
不会1.000
会-0.5560.2654.4000.5730.3410.9640.036
不良反应
无1.000
有-0.3040.1484.2320.7380.5520.9860.040
), ArticleFig(id=1311349863237907308, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349856736736037, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

患者血糖控制达标的非条件logistic回归分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量β Wald χ2值OR值95% CIP值
地区
城市1.000
乡村-0.3870.1526.5720.6790.5050.9130.010
糖尿病病程(年)
<51.000
5~9-0.0050.1860.0010.9950.6901.4340.978
≥10-0.6160.18311.3780.5400.3780.7730.001
增加运动强度或频率
否1.000
是0.3070.1514.1161.3601.0101.8300.042
饮酒史
现在饮酒1.000
从不饮酒0.0900.2370.1461.0950.6881.7410.703
已戒酒1.0050.3617.7472.7321.3465.5450.005
及时提前备药
不会1.000
会-0.5560.2654.4000.5730.3410.9640.036
不良反应
无1.000
有-0.3040.1484.2320.7380.5520.9860.040
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安徽省30岁及以上2型糖尿病患者血糖控制现状及相关因素分析
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郝瑞祺 1 , 姜晓红 1 , 刘旭祥 2 , 陈淑敏 3 , 张芳蕾 1 , 许可 4 , 王兆南 1
现代预防医学 | 流行病与统计方法 2026,53(13): 2347-2353
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现代预防医学 |流行病与统计方法 2026 , 53 (13) : 2347 -2353
安徽省30岁及以上2型糖尿病患者血糖控制现状及相关因素分析
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郝瑞祺1, 姜晓红1, 刘旭祥2, 陈淑敏3, 张芳蕾1, 许可4, 王兆南1
作者信息
  • 1.北京市朝阳区疾病预防控制中心(北京市朝阳区卫生健康监督所),北京 100021
  • 2.合肥市疾病预防控制中心(合肥市卫生监督所)
  • 3.宣城市疾病预防控制中心(宣城市卫生监督所)
  • 4.北京慢性病防治与健康教育研究会
通讯作者:
王兆南,E-mail:
作者简介:

郝瑞祺(1990—),女,硕士,主管医师,研究方向:疾病预防控制

Status and related factors of glycemic control among type 2 diabetes patients aged 30 and above in Anhui Province
Rui-qi HAO1, Xiao-hong JIANG1, Xu-xiang LIU2, Shu-min CHEN3, Fang-lei ZHANG1, Ke XU4, Zhao-nan WANG1
Affiliations
  • Beijing Chaoyang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Beijing Chaoyang District Health Supervision Institute), Beijing 100021, China
出版时间: 2026-07-10 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202603064
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目的

分析安徽省2型糖尿病患者血糖控制现状及其相关因素,为提升糖尿病控制效果提供科学依据。

方法

采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法对安徽省30岁及以上的2型糖尿病患者进行面对面问卷调查和血糖检测,采用χ2检验比较不同特征糖尿病患者血糖控制达标情况的差异,非条件logistic回归模型分析患者血糖控制达标的相关因素。

结果

共调查806名患者,收回有效问卷805份。805名患者中,男女性别比为1:1,年龄中位数62岁,血糖控制达标率为49.57%。居住在乡村地区(OR=0.679)、及时提前备药(OR=0.573)、用药后出现不良反应(OR=0.738)是患者血糖控制达标的负相关因素;与病程<5年的患者相比,病程≥10年者血糖控制更难达标(OR=0.540);有意识地增加运动强度或频率是血糖控制达标的正相关因素(OR=1.360);已戒酒者血糖控制达标的优势是现在饮酒者的2.732倍(OR=2.732)。

结论

安徽省30岁及以上2型糖尿病患者血糖控制水平有待进一步提高,应重点关注乡村地区糖尿病患者管理,采取生活方式干预、科学用药指导等综合防控措施改善患者血糖水平。

糖尿病  /  血糖  /  血糖控制  /  相关因素
Objective

To analyze the status and related factors of glycemic control among type 2 diabetes patients in Anhui Province, providing a scientific basis for improving diabetes management outcomes.

Methods

A face-to-face questionnaire survey and blood glucose test were conducted among type 2 diabetes patients aged 30 and above in Anhui Province using a multi-stage stratified random sampling method. The χ2 test was used to compare the differences in glycemic control rates among patients with different characteristics, and an unconditional logistic regression model was applied to analyze the related factors of achieving glycemic control targets.

Results

A total of 806 patients were surveyed, and 805 valid questionnaires were collected. Among the 805 patients, the male-to-female ratio was 1:1, the median age was 62 years, and the glycemic control rate was 49.57%. Living in rural areas (OR=0.679), timely preparation of medications in advance (OR=0.573), and experiencing adverse reactions after medication (OR=0.738) were negatively associated with achieving glycemic control targets among patients. Compared with patients with a disease duration of less than 5 years, those with a disease duration of 10 years or more had greater difficulty achieving glycemic control (OR=0.540). Consciously increasing exercise intensity or frequency was positively associated with achieving glycemic control targets (OR=1.360). The odds of achieving glycemic control targets among patients who had quit drinking were 2.732 times higher than those among current drinkers. (OR=2.732).

Conclusion

The glycemic control level among type 2 diabetes patients aged 30 and above in Anhui Province needs further improvement. Greater attention should be given to diabetes management in rural areas, and comprehensive prevention and control measures, including lifestyle interventions and scientific medication guidance, should be implemented to improve patients’ blood glucose levels.

Diabetes  /  Blood glucose  /  Glycemic control  /  Related factors
郝瑞祺, 姜晓红, 刘旭祥, 陈淑敏, 张芳蕾, 许可, 王兆南. 安徽省30岁及以上2型糖尿病患者血糖控制现状及相关因素分析. 现代预防医学, 2026 , 53 (13) : 2347 -2353 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202603064
Rui-qi HAO, Xiao-hong JIANG, Xu-xiang LIU, Shu-min CHEN, Fang-lei ZHANG, Ke XU, Zhao-nan WANG. Status and related factors of glycemic control among type 2 diabetes patients aged 30 and above in Anhui Province[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2026 , 53 (13) : 2347 -2353 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202603064
随着社会经济的快速发展、居民生活方式转变以及人口老龄化的日益严重,糖尿病已成为影响我国居民健康的重要公共卫生问题。2013年我国成人糖尿病患病率达10.9%,成为糖尿病患者人数最多的国家[1],预计未来30年,我国2型糖尿病的疾病负担将持续上升[2],然而糖尿病患者的知晓率、治疗率和控制率仍处于较低水平[3]。既往调查结果显示,2020年安徽省成人糖尿病自报患病率为6.67%[4],但对患者血糖控制情况的研究相对较少,本研究旨在分析安徽省30岁及以上2型糖尿病患者的血糖控制现状及其相关因素,为安徽省针对性开展糖尿病患者管理,提升糖尿病防控效果提供参考。
安徽省30岁及以上2型糖尿病患者。
采用横断面研究设计和多阶段分层随机抽样方法,样本量估算公式:。本研究中设u=1.96,p取2018年监测达标率44.46%[5],相对误差r=20%,d=20%×44.46%,设计效率deff取3;考虑无应答率为10%,经计算,每层样本量至少为396人,按照地区(城市和乡村)分2层,最终调查人数应不少于792人。2025年4—5月在安徽省随机抽取2个城市,每个城市各抽取1个区(城市)和1个县(乡村),每个县(区)选取2~4个基层医疗卫生机构,共12个社区卫生服务机构,每个社区卫生机构抽取50~100名2型糖尿病患者,利用自制调查问卷开展调查,并现场对每位调查对象进行血糖检测。纳入标准:年龄≥30岁(1995年3月31日前出生);确诊2型糖尿病且已用药的患者;自愿参与本调查。排除标准:孕产妇、哺乳期女性、病情不稳定者(如急性心肌梗死),调查对象均自愿签署知情同意书。
问卷调查主要包括调查对象基本信息(性别、年龄等)、生活方式干预情况(运动、饮食情况等)、用药依从性(降糖方案、忘记服药等)和用药不良反应。部分变量定义:(1)糖尿病肾病/眼底筛查:指“您在2023年以来做过糖尿病肾病/眼底的相关检查吗?”(2)其他慢性病史:指“除糖尿病外,您还有其他慢性疾病吗?”(3)增加运动强度或频率:指“诊断为糖尿病后,您是否有意识地增加了运动强度或频率?”(4)改变个人饮食习惯:指“诊断为糖尿病后,您是否有意识地改变个人饮食习惯?”(5)及时提前备药:指“您每次会在药物用完之前提前开药吗?(6)不良反应:指用药后,出现一种及以上不良反应。(7)血糖控制达标:现场采用校准合格的便携式血糖分析仪进行血糖检,以空腹血糖4.4~7.0 mmol/L或非空腹血糖<10.0 mmol/L视为血糖控制达标[6]。
调查问卷经专家多轮讨论形成。建立全程质控制度,对调查员进行严格培训,统一调查方法和标准。对每个调查点抽取10%的问卷由质控专家进行电话回访核实。问卷采用双录入模式。本研究通过北京市朝阳区疾病预防控制中心伦理委员会审查(批准文号:CYCDPCIRB-20250123-1)。
采用EpiData 3.1软件进行数据录入、R.4.3.1软件进行数据分析。统计描述采用构成比和率,采用χ2检验比较不同特征糖尿病患者血糖控制达标情况的差异,利用非条件logistic回归模型分析患者血糖控制达标的相关因素,自变量筛选采用Enter法。双侧检验,检验水准α=0.05。
共调查2型糖尿病患者806人,回收有效问卷805份。805名患者男女性别比为1:1,年龄中位数62岁,糖尿病病程中位数7年。
805名患者中,399人血糖控制达标,达标率为49.57%。乡村地区患者的血糖控制达标率为44.85%,低于城市的54.41%;2023年以来做过糖尿病肾病筛查的患者血糖控制达标率较低,为45.66%;不同糖尿病病程的患者血糖控制达标率存在差异(P<0.001)。见表1。
诊断糖尿病后,有意识地增加运动强度或频率的患者血糖控制达标率较高;不同饮酒史的患者血糖控制达标率存在差异(P<0.05)。见表2。
使用不同降糖药物种类患者的血糖控制达标率存在差异(P<0.05);及时提前备药的患者血糖控制达标率较低,为48.16%。见表3。
主要包括口苦/口干(23.85%)、低血糖(20.12%)、体重减少(19.13%)。用药后出现不良反应、口苦/口干、便秘、泌尿生殖器感染的患者血糖控制达标率较低,分别为45.35%、40.10%、38.89%、25.93%(P<0.05)。见表4。
以是否血糖控制达标为因变量(否=0,是=1),单因素分析有统计学差异的因素为自变量,进行非条件logistic回归分析,变量赋值见表5。结果显示,乡村地区患者血糖控制达标的优势低于城市(OR=0.679,95% CI:0.505~0.913);与病程<5年的患者相比,病程≥10年者血糖控制更难达标(OR=0.540,95% CI:0.378~0.773);有意识地增加运动强度或频率是血糖控制达标的正相关因素(OR=1.360,95% CI:1.010~1.830);已戒酒者血糖控制达标的优势是现在饮酒者的2.732倍(OR=2.732,95% CI:1.346~5.545);及时提前备药(OR=0.573,95% CI:0.341~0.964)、用药后出现不良反应(OR=0.738,95% CI:0.552~0.986)是患者血糖控制达标的负相关因素(P<0.05)。见表6。
血糖控制在糖尿病代谢管理中具有重要意义,早期严格控制血糖可延缓和减少糖尿病并发症的发生,提高患者生活质量。本研究结果显示,安徽省30岁及以上2型糖尿病患者血糖控制达标率为49.57%,与2018年以糖化血红蛋白作为评价指标的调查结果接近(44.46%)[5],高于2022年河南省濮阳市(32.75%)[7]、2021年福建省(18.29%)[8]、2021年重庆市(13.17%)[9]监测结果,略低于2018年中国大陆(50.1%)[3]和2017年上海市(50.3%)[10]监测水平,安徽省糖尿病患者血糖控制水平有待进一步提升,监测结果的差异也可能与不同地区经济社区发展、医疗服务水平以及判定标准的差异有关。乡村地区患者血糖控制达标率低于城市,与既往研究结论一致[11],乡村地区的医疗卫生服务可及性相对较低,患者的糖尿病管理意识不足,城市患者相比农村患者的自我管理行为数量更多[12]。
病程≥10年患者血糖控制更难达标, 糖尿病是一种慢性进展性疾病,随着病程发展,胰岛β细胞功能进行性下降[13],合并其他慢性并发症的风险增加[14],治疗难度加大,因此糖尿病的早期预防和干预十分重要。
有意识地增加运动强度或频率有利于血糖控制达标,有数据显示相较于1990年,2021年我国归因于低体力活动的2型糖尿病的伤残调整寿命年和死亡数均有所增加,且涨幅高于全球[15]。规律、适量的身体活动是防控2型糖尿病的一项战略措施,可有效改善血糖控制、胰岛素敏感性、血压和血脂等代谢指标,并减少心血管疾病等并发症风险,积极推动基层卫生服务机构建立针对2型糖尿病的个体化身体活动方案应作为未来的工作重点[16]。已戒酒者血糖控制达标的优势高于现在饮酒者,提示社区医生应加强对患者戒烟戒酒等生活方式的综合干预[17],也有研究认为,健康的饮酒人群适度饮酒,尤其是饮用葡萄酒,2型糖尿病的发病风险较低[18],重度饮酒则增加高血糖的风险[19],饮酒对血糖的影响有待进一步研究。
糖尿病作为一种需要长期服药的慢性疾病,患者用药的依从性对血糖控制至关重要,本研究中及时提前备药是血糖控制达标的负相关因素,与李洪超等[20]认为患者用药依从性对HbA1c控制水平无显著影响的结论不一致,该结果可能与及时提前备药的患者冠心病、脑卒中等病史以及口干口苦、头晕头痛等用药不良反应的发生率均高于未及时备药者有关,合并严重疾病的糖尿病患者因病情控制需要,更关注获取药物的及时性,而用药后出现不良反应的患者因药物的适用性较低,即使保持良好的用药依从性,血糖控制效果仍不佳,提示基层医生指导患者科学用药是提升患者血糖控制效果的基础。整体来看,用药后出现不良反应的患者血糖控制更难达标,本研究中23.85%的患者用药后出现口苦/口干症状,部分降糖药物可导致血容量不足相关不良反应[21],血浆容量减少可能是患者口干的主要原因[22-23],不良反应的出现降低患者服药的依从性,进而影响血糖水平。
本研究为横断面调查,只能探索血糖达标与各相关因素间的关联强度,随着病程延长,并发症的增加,患者病情趋于复杂,用药种类及不良反应的发生率增多,血糖管理难度增大,本研究结果可为改善患者血糖控制水平提供参考,无法确定因果关系,且血糖值为现场检测,控制达标的判定标准为空腹血糖:4.4~7.0 mmol/L或非空腹<10.0 mmol/L,非HbA1c指标,需审慎比较。
综上,安徽省30岁及以上2型糖尿病患者血糖控制水平有待进一步提高,应重点加强乡村地区糖尿病患者管理水平,针对性地开展身体活动、戒烟戒酒等生活方式综合干预,指导患者科学用药,提高用药依从性,改善患者血糖控制效果。

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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202603064
  • 接收时间:2026-03-06
  • 首发时间:2026-09-28
  • 出版时间:2026-07-10
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    1.北京市朝阳区疾病预防控制中心(北京市朝阳区卫生健康监督所),北京 100021
    2.合肥市疾病预防控制中心(合肥市卫生监督所)
    3.宣城市疾病预防控制中心(宣城市卫生监督所)
    4.北京慢性病防治与健康教育研究会

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
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